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Book Description
Le problème de la modélisation des environnements urbains virtuels reste complexe. Les principaux obstacles à cette modélisation sont liés à la complexité et à la grande quantité de données que les environnements urbains représentent. En effet, le volume et la complexité de ces données posent d'une part des problèmes de stockage et de manipulation, et complexifient, d'autre part, leur visualisation et leur mise à jour. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons une meilleure utilisation des connaissances a priori disponibles sur les environnements urbains. Tout d'abord, nous présentons un système de réécriture original, les FL-systems, comme une nouvelle extension fonctionelle des L-systems, qui sont principalement utilisés pour la modélisation de processus biologiques. Les FL-systems, grâce à l'utilisation de fonctions comme terminaux du langage, permettent une génération en temps-réel d'objets géométriques. Par ailleurs, nous proposons un mécanisme de gestion de cache pour la réécriture des FL-systems pour réutiliser de façon intelligente les modules déjà réécrits. Pour finir, nous définissons une nouvelle méthode de modélisation des environnements urbains à l'aide de hiérarchies d'abstraction, qui permettent de focaliser la modélisation sur chaque niveau de détail de la ville, et d'algorithmes de subdivision de polygones simples.
Book Description
Le problème de la modélisation des environnements urbains virtuels reste complexe. Les principaux obstacles à cette modélisation sont liés à la complexité et à la grande quantité de données que les environnements urbains représentent. En effet, le volume et la complexité de ces données posent d'une part des problèmes de stockage et de manipulation, et complexifient, d'autre part, leur visualisation et leur mise à jour. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons une meilleure utilisation des connaissances a priori disponibles sur les environnements urbains. Tout d'abord, nous présentons un système de réécriture original, les FL-systems, comme une nouvelle extension fonctionelle des L-systems, qui sont principalement utilisés pour la modélisation de processus biologiques. Les FL-systems, grâce à l'utilisation de fonctions comme terminaux du langage, permettent une génération en temps-réel d'objets géométriques. Par ailleurs, nous proposons un mécanisme de gestion de cache pour la réécriture des FL-systems pour réutiliser de façon intelligente les modules déjà réécrits. Pour finir, nous définissons une nouvelle méthode de modélisation des environnements urbains à l'aide de hiérarchies d'abstraction, qui permettent de focaliser la modélisation sur chaque niveau de détail de la ville, et d'algorithmes de subdivision de polygones simples.
Book Description
Earthen architecture constitutes one of the most diverse forms of cultural heritage and one of the most challenging to preserve. It dates from all periods and is found on all continents but is particularly prevalent in Africa, where it has been a building tradition for centuries. Sites range from ancestral cities in Mali to the palaces of Abomey in Benin, from monuments and mosques in Iran and Buddhist temples on the Silk Road to Spanish missions in California. This volume's sixty-four papers address such themes as earthen architecture in Mali, the conservation of living sites, local knowledge systems and intangible aspects, seismic and other natural forces, the conservation and management of archaeological sites, research advances, and training.
Author: Guillaume Lecointre Publisher: Harvard University Press ISBN: 9780674021839 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 568
Book Description
Did you know that you are more closely related to a mushroom than to a daisy? That dinosaurs are still among us? That the terms "fish" and "invertebrates" do not indicate scientific groupings? All this is the result of major changes in classification. This book diagrams the tree of life according to the most recent methods of this system.
Author: Jonathan Turnbull Phinney Publisher: American Geophysical Union ISBN: 0875903592 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 251
Book Description
Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Coastal and Estuarine Studies, Volume 61. The effects of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide and related climate change on shallow coral reefs are gaining considerable attention for scientific and economic reasons worldwide. Although increased scientific research has improved our understanding of the response of coral reefs to climate change, we still lack key information that can help guide reef management. Research and monitoring of coral reef ecosystems over the past few decades have documented two major threats related to increasing concentrations of atmospheric CO2: (1) increased sea surface temperatures and (2) increased seawater acidity (lower pH). Higher atmospheric CO2 levels have resulted in rising sea surface temperatures and proven to be an acute threat to corals and other reef-dwelling organisms. Short periods (days) of elevated sea surface temperatures by as little as 1–2°C above the normal maximum temperature has led to more frequent and more widespread episodes of coral bleaching-the expulsion of symbiotic algae. A more chronic consequence of increasing atmospheric CO2 is the lowering of pH of surface waters, which affects the rate at which corals and other reef organisms secrete and build their calcium carbonate skeletons. Average pH of the surface ocean has already decreased by an estimated 0.1 unit since preindustrial times, and will continue to decline in concert with rising atmospheric CO2. These climate-related Stressors combined with other direct anthropogenic assaults, such as overfishing and pollution, weaken reef organisms and increase their susceptibility to disease.
Author: Jean Baudrillard Publisher: University of Michigan Press ISBN: 9780472065219 Category : Art Languages : en Pages : 174
Book Description
Develops a theory of contemporary culture that relies on displacing economic notions of cultural production with notions of cultural expenditure. This book represents an effort to rethink cultural theory from the perspective of a concept of cultural materialism, one that radically redefines postmodern formulations of the body.
Author: Sven Boermeester Publisher: ISBN: 9781949677072 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Innovate Bristol highlights and celebrates those companies and individuals that are actively working at building a better tomorrow for all. Innovation Ecosystems thrive through the involvement and support of companies and individuals from all industries, which is why the Innovate series not only focuses on the innovators but also those people whom the Innovation Ecosystem, would not be able to thrive without.
Author: Giovanna Borradori Publisher: University of Chicago Press ISBN: 0226066657 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 225
Book Description
The idea for Philosophy in a Time of Terror was born hours after the attacks on 9/11 and was realized just weeks later when Giovanna Borradori sat down with Jürgen Habermas and Jacques Derrida in New York City, in separate interviews, to evaluate the significance of the most destructive terrorist act ever perpetrated. This book marks an unprecedented encounter between two of the most influential thinkers of our age as here, for the first time, Habermas and Derrida overcome their mutual antagonism and agree to appear side by side. As the two philosophers disassemble and reassemble what we think we know about terrorism, they break from the familiar social and political rhetoric increasingly polarized between good and evil. In this process, we watch two of the greatest intellects of the century at work.
Author: Michelle Allsopp Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1402091168 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 262
Book Description
The world’s oceans cover 70% of the earth’s surface and are home to a myriad of amazing and beautiful creatures. However, the biodiversity of the oceans is incre- ingly coming under serious threat from many human activities including overfi- ing, use of destructive fishing methods, pollution and commercial aquaculture. In addition, climate change is already having an impact on some marine ecosystems. This book discusses some of the major threats facing marine ecosystems by cons- ering a range of topics, under chapters discussing biodiversity (Chapter 1), fisheries (Chapter 2), aquaculture (Chapter 3), pollution (Chapter 4) and the impacts of increasing greenhouse gas emissions (Chapter 5). It goes on to explore solutions to the problems by discussing equitable and sustainable management of the oceans (Chapter 6) and protecting marine ecosystems using marine reserves (Chapter 7). Presently, 76% of the oceans are fully or over-exploited with respect to fishing, and many species have been severely depleted. It is abundantly clear that, in general, current fisheries management regimes are to blame for much of the widespread degradation of the oceans. Many policy-makers and scientists now agree that we must adopt a radical new approach to managing the seas – one that is precautionary in nature and has protection of the whole marine ecosystem as its primary objective. This ‘ecosystem-based approach’ is vital if we are to ensure the health of our oceans for future generations.
Author: Edward R Rhodes Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand ISBN: 1838804641 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 388
Book Description
The natural resources of the Earth are indispensable for the survival of humans, plants, and animals and for the state of biodiversity. The way they are managed determines the extent to which they will be preserved for future generations. Climate change underscores the need for the proper use of natural resources. This book brings together reviews of literature and the results of research studies on the status and management of soil, water, plant, and wildlife resources, especially as they relate to the biological sciences, in Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, and Latin America. It covers work on classification and inventories, impacts of anthropogenic activities, and exploitation and conservation. The book will be of interest to scientists and practitioners of natural resource management worldwide.
Author: Tor Arve Benjaminsen Publisher: Nordic Africa Institute ISBN: 9789171064769 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 342
Book Description
Through a number of case studies from the West African Sahel, this book links and explores natural resources management from the perspectives of politics, property and production.
Author: Julien Perret
Author: Julien Perret
Author: Leslie Rainer
Author: Guillaume Lecointre
Author: Jonathan Turnbull Phinney
Author: Jean Baudrillard
Author: Sven Boermeester
Author: Giovanna Borradori
Author: Michelle Allsopp
Author: Edward R Rhodes
Author: Tor Arve Benjaminsen