Modeling Spring Wheat Production as Influenced by Climate and Irrigation PDF Download

Author: V. Philip Rasmussen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wheat
Languages : en
Pages : 200

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Author: V. Philip Rasmussen Jr.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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A model has been developed that predicts spring wheat grain and dry matter yield. Preliminary tests show very favorable results when predicting grain yield in two different climatic regimes, one being a dryland and another being an irrigated area. The strengths of the model lie in its simplicity, relatively available input data, and low computer processing time cost. Weakness of the model stem from the assumptions that allow its simplicity. The basic assumption in the model is that grain and dry matter yield can be related to the ratio of actual to potential transpiration, computed for each of five phenological stages. Actual and potential evapotranspiration, transpiration, and soil evaporation are obtained in the model by numerical operations on a potential evapotranspiration/potential soil evaporation array obtained by empirical formulae or pan data, and a modified crop coefficient. Soil water status is monitored in the model by taking into account the balance of irrigation, drainage, precipitation, soil water storage and evapotranspiration. Phenological data is computed by a simple numerical formula utilizing maximum and minimum temperatures during the season. Good agreement was found in comparing predicted versus actual heading date for four varieties over four different years. A field study was carried out to aid in model calibration and testing. A continuous variable plot design, with two replications of each of five spring wheat varieties (two soft white spring wheats and three hard red spring wheats)> This allowed a large number of data points to be measured that related yield to many water levels within the soil. Although this design leads to difficulties in classical statistical analysis, it was shown to be especially useful in calibration of a model of the type shown herein.

Author: Nelson, Gerald C.
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN: 0896295354
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 30

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This Food Policy Report presents research results that quantify the climate-change impacts mentioned above, assesses the consequences for food security, and estimates the investments that would offset the negative consequences for human well-being.

Author: W. H. Shafer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1468433814
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 319

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Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and dis seminated by the Center for Information and Numerical Data Analysis and Synthesis (CINDAS) * at Purdue University in 1957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dissemination phases of the ac tivity were transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this joint undertaking we had concluded that it was in the interest of all concerned if the printing and distribution of the volume were handled by an international publishing house to assure improved service and broader dissemination. Hence, starting with Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences has been disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Corporation of New York, and in the same year the coverage was broadened to include Canadian universities. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. We have reported in Volume 22 (thesis year 1977) a total of 10,658 theses titles from 28 Canadian and 227 United States universities. We are sure that this broader base for theses titles reported will greatly enhance the value of this important annual reference work. While Volume 22 reports theses submitted in 1977, on occasion, certain universities do report theses submitted in previous years but not reported at the time.

Author: Thomas James Army
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wheat
Languages : en
Pages : 28

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Author: University of Wisconsin--Madison. Institute for Environmental Studies. Climate/Food Research Group
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wheat
Languages : en
Pages : 108

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Author: Daniel Hillel
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 1848166559
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 453

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Book Description
The portending process of climate change, induced by the anthropogenic accumulations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, is likely to generate effects that will cascade through the biosphere, impacting all life on earth and bearing upon human endeavors. Of special concern is the potential effect on agriculture and global food security. Anticipating these effects demands that scientists widen their field of vision and cooperate across disciplines to encompass increasingly complex interactions. Trans-disciplinary cooperation should aim to generate effective responses to the portending changes, including actions to mitigate the emissions of greenhouse gases and to adapt to those climate changes that cannot be avoided. This handbook presents an exposition of current research on the impacts, adaptation, and mitigation of climate change in relation to agroecosystems. It is offered as the first volume in what is intended to be an ongoing series dedicated to elucidating the interactions of climate change with a broad range of sectors and systems, and to developing and spurring effective responses to this global challenge. As the collective scientific and practical knowledge of the processes and responses involved continues to grow, future volumes in the series will address important aspects of the topic periodically over the coming years.

Author: Abolfazl Nasseri
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783846558850
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 60

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The north of Iran is one of the main regions for agricultural production but the occurred precipitation is insufficient to meet wheat requirement. Consequently, supplemental irrigation is necessary for obtaining potential yield of wheat in rainfed areas. In addition, nitrogen fertilization can improve water use efficiency in such areas. Therefore, supplemental irrigation and nitrogen fertilization effects on production of winter wheat under rainfed climate condition were investigated in this book. Soil and water researchers, engineers and students can use findings of this study.

Author: Hossain Ali
Publisher: Universal-Publishers
ISBN: 1599426862
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 196

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Vertical and horizontal expansion of irrigated agriculture to feed the increasing population has contributed to excessive groundwater withdrawal and affected the availability of water in terms of both quality and quantity. To sustain agricultural growth, strategic measures should be adopted to reduce water consumption while minimizing adverse effect on yield. The effect of deficit irrigation on wheat yield was studied in three consecutive years (2002-03 to 2004-05) in field and pot. Ten irrigation treatments were imposed in a randomized complete block (RCB) design covering full deficit, no deficit at all, single deficit at different stages, and alternate deficits. Water deficit was created by withholding irrigation at different growth stages. The results indicate that deficit irrigation strategies affected all aspects of plant growth (leaf area index, chlorophyll content, root growth, nutrient uptake, plant height) adversely. Yield attributes were affected by deficit irrigation treatments although they are not statistically significant in all cases. Differences in grain and straw yield among the partial- and no-deficit treatments were small, and statistically insignificant in most cases. When compared within single-deficit treatments, the grain yield reduction was in the order to water deficit at phases: CRI> maximum tillering > booting - heading >flowering- soft dough. The crop coefficient (kc) under different ET0 methods for early, crop development, middle, and late period ranged from 0.54 to 0.96, 0.95 to 1.36, 1.2 to 1.62, and 0.68 to 1.05, respectively. On average, yield response factor (ky) for early, maximum tillering, booting-heading, and flowering-soft dough stages was 0.27, 0.21, 0.25, and 0.17, respectively. The sensitivity index (?i, of Jensen model) for early, vegetative, booting-heading, and flowering-soft dough phases was 0.35, 0.22, 0.31, and 0.14, respectively. From the evaluation of yield, irrigation amount, irrigation water productivity, relative water savings, relative yield reduction, and maximum profit under limited water resource condition, it can be concluded that when limited quantities of water is available, preference should be given to irrigate first at CRI (if one irrigation is available), then at CRI and booting-heading (if two irrigations are available), and next at CRI, maximum tillering and booting-heading (if three irrigations are available) stages of growth.

Author: M. Mohanty
Publisher: Scientific Publishers
ISBN: 9386102293
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 345

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This book on “Crop Growth Simulation Modelling and Climate Change”. A group of authors have dealt with different aspects of crop modelling viz., Crop growth simulation models in agricultural crop production, Applications of Crop Growth Simulation Models in Climate Change Assessments, Biophysical impacts and priorities for adaptation of agricultural crops in a changing climate, Climate change projections – India’s Perspective, Impact of Rising Atmospheric CO2 concentration on Plant and Soil processes, Modelling the impact of climate change on soil erosion in stabilization and destabilization of soil organic carbon, Simulating Crop Yield, Soil Processes, Greenhouse Gas Emission and Climate Change Impacts with APSIM, InfoCrop Model, CropSyst model and its application in natural resource management, Climate change and crop production system: assessing the consequences for food security, A biophysical model to analyze climate change impacts on rainfed rice productivity in the mid-hills of Northeast India, AquaCrop Modelling: A Water Driven Simulation Model, Conservation Agriculture: A strategy to cope with Climate Change, Effect of climate change on productivity of wheat and possible mitigation strategies using DSSAT model in foot hill of Western Himalayas, Integrating Remote Sensing Data in Crop Process Models, Climate change impact assessment using DSSAT model, Decision Support System for Managing Soil Fertility and Productivity in Agriculture, De-Nitrification De-Composition Model - An Introduction for SOC Simulations, Crop Simulation Modeling for Climate Risk assessment: Adaptation and Mitigation Measures and Rules of Simulations, Rothamsted Carbon (RothC) Model and its Application in Agriculture etc.