Modeling of Industrial Styrene Polymerization PDF Download

Author: Nicole T. Birchall
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 228

View

Book Description

Author: Klaus-Dieter Hungenberg
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 352768574X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 405

View

Book Description
Introducing a unique, modular approach to modeling polymerization reactions, this useful book will enable practitioners - chemists and engineers alike - to set up and structure their own models for simulation software like Predici®, C++, MatLab® or others. The generic modules are exemplified for concrete situations for various reactor types and reaction mechanisms and allow readers to quickly find their own point of interest - a highly useful information source for polymer engineers and researchers in industry and academia.

Author: John Daniel Woloszyn
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 366

View

Book Description
A model is developed to describe the bulk thermally-initiated free-radical polymerization of styrene between 100 °C and 170 °C. This model incorporates a comprehensive thermal initiation mechanism including generation and consumption of a Diels-Alder adduct intermediate species. A semi-empirical break-point treatment of diffusion control on reaction kinetics is used to account for autoacceleration behaviour. Using recently-developed statistical techniques, parameters are ranked based on their influence on model predictions, uncertainty in their initial values and correlation between their effects. The four top-ranked parameters (of the 40 total model parameters) are chosen for estimation to improve the fit between model predictions and literature data. After estimation of these four parameters, and hand-tuning of two additional autoacceleration parameters, the model predicts conversion data with a standard error of 5 %. The model also provides an excellent fit to a single MWD curve obtained from a literature experiment performed at 100 °C. Simulations are used to show that chain-end degradation reactions are not important in the temperature range of interest. The model is then extended to include industrially-relevant dicumyl peroxide and biphenyl peroxide chemical initiation. Additional peroxide-induced mid-chain scission reactions are considered as they may have an important influence on the molecular weight of polystyrene. To improve trends in predictions of Mn and Mw, the stationary-state hypothesis is applied to the initial adduct concentration. Parameters are then ranked, and selected for estimation using recently-developed statistical techniques. While significant improvements in predictions of conversion data are obtained, it is necessary to manually tune several parameters and scrutinize the reaction scheme in detail. To improve trends in predictions of Mn and Mw, mid-chain scission reactions are turned off and chain-transfer to monomer is implemented. Nine of the 48 total parameters are selected for estimation, resulting in a 73 % decrease in the objective function value compared with predictions using literature values. The final step of this work will be to estimate parameters using a large, proprietary industrial data set. Using this data set, it may be possible to estimate additional parameters which may lead to improved model predictions.

Author: L. Cavin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chemical engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 23

View

Book Description

Author: Ibrahim M. Maafa
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780494172100
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 390

View

Book Description

Author: Ashuraj Sirohi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chemical engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 6

View

Book Description

Author: Graeme Moad
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080442889
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 667

View

Book Description
This book commences with a general introduction outlining the basic concepts of radical polymerization. This is followed by a chapter on radical reactions that is intended to lay the theoretical ground-work for the succeeding chapters on initiation, propagation and termination.

Author: IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 345

View

Book Description
This volume of the IARC Monographs provides evaluations of the carcinogenicity of quinoline, styrene, and styrene-7,8-oxide. Quinoline and styrene are present in air pollution and in tobacco smoke. Quinoline also occurs in the processing of petroleum and shale oil, and is found in groundwater and soil at sites contaminated by coal tar and creosote. Quinoline and styrene are high production volume chemicals. Quinoline is used to produce various drugs and dyes. Styrene is primarily used in the production of polystyrene polymers. Styrene-7,8-oxide is primarily used to produce epoxy resins. Styrene-7,8-oxide is the primary metabolite of styrene in humans. Styrene and styrene-7,8-oxide are found in workplace air, particularly in the reinforced plastics industry and the rubber industry. Exposure to these agents may occur in the general population as well as in various occupational settings. An IARC Monographs Working Group reviewed epidemiological evidence, animal bioassays, and mechanistic and other relevant data to reach conclusions as to the carcinogenic hazard to humans of environmental or occupational exposure to these agents.

Author: Wayne F. Reed
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470917385
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 493

View

Book Description
Offers new strategies to optimize polymer reactions With contributions from leading macromolecular scientists and engineers, this book provides a practical guide to polymerization monitoring. It enables laboratory researchers to optimize polymer reactions by providing them with a better understanding of the underlying reaction kinetics and mechanisms. Moreover, it opens the door to improved industrial-scale reactions, including enhanced product quality and reduced harmful emissions. Monitoring Polymerization Reactions begins with a review of the basic elements of polymer reactions and their kinetics, including an overview of stimuli-responsive polymers. Next, it explains why certain polymer and reaction characteristics need to be monitored. The book then explores a variety of practical topics, including: Principles and applications of important polymer characterization tools, such as light scattering, gel permeation chromatography, calorimetry, rheology, and spectroscopy Automatic continuous online monitoring of polymerization (ACOMP) reactions, a flexible platform that enables characterization tools to be employed simultaneously during reactions in order to obtain a complete record of multiple reaction features Modeling of polymerization reactions and numerical approaches Applications that optimize the manufacture of industrially important polymers Throughout the book, the authors provide step-by-step strategies for implementation. In addition, ample use of case studies helps readers understand the benefits of various monitoring strategies and approaches, enabling them to choose the best one to match their needs. As new stimuli-responsive and "intelligent" polymers continue to be developed, the ability to monitor reactions will become increasingly important. With this book as their guide, polymer scientists and engineers can take full advantage of the latest monitoring strategies to optimize reactions in both the lab and the manufacturing plant.

Author: Y. A. Liu
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527843825
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1027

View

Book Description
Integrated Process Modeling, Advanced Control and Data Analytics for Optimizing Polyolefin Manufacturing Detailed resource on the “Why,” “What,” and “How” of integrated process modeling, advanced control and data analytics explained via hands-on examples and workshops for optimizing polyolefin manufacturing. Integrated Process Modeling, Advanced Control and Data Analytics for Optimizing Polyolefin Manufacturing discusses, as well as demonstrates, the optimization of polyolefin production by covering topics from polymer process modeling and advanced process control to data analytics and machine learning, and sustainable design and industrial practice. The text also covers practical problems, handling of real data streams, developing the right level of detail, and tuning models to the available data, among other topics, to allow for easy translation of concepts into practice. Written by two highly qualified authors, Integrated Process Modeling, Advanced Control and Data Analytics for Optimizing Polyolefin Manufacturing includes information on: Segment-based modeling of polymer processes; selection of thermodynamic methods; estimation of physical properties for polymer process modeling Reactor modeling, convergence tips and data-fit tool; free radical polymerization (LDPE, EVA and PS), Ziegler-Natta polymerization (HDPE, PP, LLPDE, and EPDM) and ionic polymerization (SBS rubber) Improved polymer process operability and control through steady-state and dynamic simulation models Model-predictive control of polyolefin processes and applications of multivariate statistics and machine learning to optimizing polyolefin manufacturing Integrated Process Modeling, Advanced Control and Data Analytics for Optimizing Polyolefin Manufacturing enables readers to make full use of advanced computer models and latest data analytics and machine learning tools for optimizing polyolefin manufacturing, making it an essential resource for undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, and new and experienced engineers involved in the polyolefin industry.