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Author: Rene' Senyo Lord-Attivor Publisher: ISBN: Category : Automobile driving on highways Languages : en Pages : 1030
Book Description
Priority intersections are intersections controlled by a stop or yield sign. A vehicle at a priority intersection from a minor road makes a choice to either accept or reject an available gap when joining or crossing the main road. Various factors affect the driver's decision to accept or reject a gap at the priority intersection. The characteristics of the driver, vehicle and the intersection itself play major roles in the driver's behavior at the intersection. Factors such as the driver's age, gender, waiting time, intersection delay, and the vehicles' accelerating capability affect the decision to accept or reject a gap. The gap acceptance concept in developed countries (e.g., United States of America) has historically been studied and researched at signalized and unsignalized intersections. However, in developing countries little research has been conducted on this concept or on the driver's behavior, particularly Ghana. Yet traffic analysis software programs built to suit a developed country's condition are often used to analyze intersections in developing countries like Ghana. Ghanaian engineers have yet to develop a gap acceptance model suitable for unsignalized intersections. This research analyzes gaps and driver behavior at unsignalized intersections for both cross (4 leg) intersections and T-intersections for left, right and through moving vehicles from minor roads onto major roads; left turning vehicles from the major roads onto the minor roads are also analyzed. Critical gap values and the most common driver's variable is determined. The results of the critical gaps values found in this research are compared to that of the recommended values from the 2010 Highway Capacity Manual (HCM). The results of the analysis showed critical gaps lower than that of the recommended values from the 2010 HCM. A comparison between the critical gaps determined in this research and the recommended 2010 HCM critical gaps showed lower delays when the critical gaps found in this research were modeled in aaSidra and the Highway Capacity Software (HCS). The Logistics Regression analysis showed that most drivers at priority intersections will accept gaps equal or greater than the critical gap determined in this research. The analysis also showed that pedestrian and hawking activities at intersections are not contributing factors to a driver's decision in accepting a gap. The driver's decision to accept or reject a gap varied between locations. Although the driver's decision to accept or reject a gap varied between locations, the most common factor (variable) that affected a driver's decision to accept or reject a gap was the time spent at the stop sign. -- Abstract.
Author: Rene' Senyo Lord-Attivor Publisher: ISBN: Category : Automobile driving on highways Languages : en Pages : 1030
Book Description
Priority intersections are intersections controlled by a stop or yield sign. A vehicle at a priority intersection from a minor road makes a choice to either accept or reject an available gap when joining or crossing the main road. Various factors affect the driver's decision to accept or reject a gap at the priority intersection. The characteristics of the driver, vehicle and the intersection itself play major roles in the driver's behavior at the intersection. Factors such as the driver's age, gender, waiting time, intersection delay, and the vehicles' accelerating capability affect the decision to accept or reject a gap. The gap acceptance concept in developed countries (e.g., United States of America) has historically been studied and researched at signalized and unsignalized intersections. However, in developing countries little research has been conducted on this concept or on the driver's behavior, particularly Ghana. Yet traffic analysis software programs built to suit a developed country's condition are often used to analyze intersections in developing countries like Ghana. Ghanaian engineers have yet to develop a gap acceptance model suitable for unsignalized intersections. This research analyzes gaps and driver behavior at unsignalized intersections for both cross (4 leg) intersections and T-intersections for left, right and through moving vehicles from minor roads onto major roads; left turning vehicles from the major roads onto the minor roads are also analyzed. Critical gap values and the most common driver's variable is determined. The results of the critical gaps values found in this research are compared to that of the recommended values from the 2010 Highway Capacity Manual (HCM). The results of the analysis showed critical gaps lower than that of the recommended values from the 2010 HCM. A comparison between the critical gaps determined in this research and the recommended 2010 HCM critical gaps showed lower delays when the critical gaps found in this research were modeled in aaSidra and the Highway Capacity Software (HCS). The Logistics Regression analysis showed that most drivers at priority intersections will accept gaps equal or greater than the critical gap determined in this research. The analysis also showed that pedestrian and hawking activities at intersections are not contributing factors to a driver's decision in accepting a gap. The driver's decision to accept or reject a gap varied between locations. Although the driver's decision to accept or reject a gap varied between locations, the most common factor (variable) that affected a driver's decision to accept or reject a gap was the time spent at the stop sign. -- Abstract.
Author: J. L. Gattis Publisher: ISBN: Category : Roads Languages : en Pages : 70
Book Description
This report presents the study of minor street drivers' gap and lag acceptance and rejection at a non-standard stop-controlled T-intersection. In this context, non-standard stop-controlled intersections are those at which priority right-of-way is given to a left-turning traffic stream. The arrival and departure times of all vehicles entering the intersection were collected with a traffic classifier and video camera. Lag/gap acceptance and rejection values were found for several specific movement combinations. The resulting critical lag and gap values varied over a wide range, depending upon the method used to derive them and the particular movement pattern being considered. Values ranged from 1.8 to 9.0 seconds, with the majority of the critical gap values higher than the critical lag values for the same movement. The lower lag/gap values were from a movement pair associated with non-standard control: drivers stopped to wait on the oncoming traffic stream having the right-of-way often choose to proceed when oncoming vehicles are close, assuming that if an oncoming vehicle has not reduced its speed by the time it is close to the intersection, it will probably proceed through and not turn left. At the intersection studied, this non-standard stop-controlled pattern sometimes caused confusion among drivers and excessive delay on minor street approaches during high traffic volume periods.
Author: Marco Guerrieri Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030607232 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 196
Book Description
This book covers a selection of fundamental topics of traffic engineering useful for highways facilities design and control. The treatment is concise but it does not neglect to examine the most recent and crucial theoretical aspects which are at the root of numerous highway engineering applications, like, for instance, the essential aspects of highways traffic stream reliability calculation and automated highway systems control. In order to make these topics easy to follow, several illustrative worked examples of applications are provided in great detail. An intuitive and discursive, rather than formal, style has been adopted throughout the contents. As such, the book offers up-to-date and practical knowledge on several aspects of traffic engineering, which is of interest to a wide audience including students, researchers as well as transportation planners, public transport specialists, city planners and decision-makers.
Author: Marjana Petrović Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030664643 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 226
Book Description
This book features original scientific manuscripts submitted for publication at the International Conference – The Science and Development of Transport (ZIRP 2020), organized by University of Zagreb, Faculty of Transport and Traffic Sciences, Zagreb, and held in Šibenik, Croatia, from 29th to 30th September 2020. The conference brought together scientists and practitioners to share innovative solutions available to everyone. Presenting the latest scientific research, case studies and best practices in the fields of transport and logistics, the book covers topics such as sustainable urban mobility and logistics, safety and policy, data science, process automation, and inventory forecasting, improving competitiveness in the transport and logistics services market and increasing customer satisfaction. The book is of interest to experienced researchers and professionals as well as Ph.D. students in the fields of transport and logistics.
Author: Lee August Rodegerdts Publisher: Transportation Research Board ISBN: 0309155118 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 407
Book Description
TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 672: Roundabouts: An Informational Guide - Second Edition explores the planning, design, construction, maintenance, and operation of roundabouts. The report also addresses issues that may be useful in helping to explain the trade-offs associated with roundabouts. This report updates the U.S. Federal Highway Administration's Roundabouts: An Informational Guide, based on experience gained in the United States since that guide was published in 2000.
Author: Nuridah Sabtu Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9819960266 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 725
Book Description
This book gathers the latest research, innovations, and applications in the field of civil engineering, as presented by leading national and international academics, researchers, engineers, and postgraduate students at the AWAM International Conference on Civil Engineering 2022 (AICCE’22), held in Penang, Malaysia on February 15-17, 2022. The book covers highly diverse topics in the main fields of civil engineering, including structural and earthquake engineering, environmental engineering, geotechnical engineering, highway and transportation engineering, water resources engineering, and geomatic and construction management. In line with the conference theme, “Sustainability And Resiliency: Re-Engineering the Future”, which relates to the United Nations’ 17 Global Goals for Sustainable Development, it highlights important elements in the planning and development stages to establish design standards beneficial to the environment and its surroundings. The contributions introduce numerous exciting ideas that spur novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaborations between various specialists in the field of civil engineering. This book is part of a 3-volume series of these conference proceedings, it represents Volume 3 in the series.
Author: Moshe Ben-Akiva Publisher: MIT Press ISBN: 0262536404 Category : Architecture Languages : en Pages : 414
Book Description
Discrete Choice Analysis presents these results in such a way that they are fully accessible to the range of students and professionals who are involved in modelling demand and consumer behavior in general or specifically in transportation - whether from the point of view of the design of transit systems, urban and transport economics, public policy, operations research, or systems management and planning. The methods of discrete choice analysis and their applications in the modelling of transportation systems constitute a comparatively new field that has largely evolved over the past 15 years. Since its inception, however, the field has developed rapidly, and this is the first text and reference work to cover the material systematically, bringing together the scattered and often inaccessible results for graduate students and professionals. Discrete Choice Analysis presents these results in such a way that they are fully accessible to the range of students and professionals who are involved in modelling demand and consumer behavior in general or specifically in transportation - whether from the point of view of the design of transit systems, urban and transport economics, public policy, operations research, or systems management and planning. The introductory chapter presents the background of discrete choice analysis and context of transportation demand forecasting. Subsequent chapters cover, among other topics, the theories of individual choice behavior, binary and multinomial choice models, aggregate forecasting techniques, estimation methods, tests used in the process of model development, sampling theory, the nested-logit model, and systems of models. Discrete Choice Analysis is ninth in the MIT Press Series in Transportation Studies, edited by Marvin Manheim.
Author: Sahar Nabaee Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 71
Book Description
Gap acceptance behavior is critical to the safety and operational performance of unsignalized intersections. The complex nature of the human behavior and its dependence on various socioeconomic and environmental parameters makes it challenging for transportation professionals to assess the performance of such intersections. To investigate the behavioral patterns of drivers at unsignalized intersections, a novel procedure was developed and validated for the accurate observation of naturalistic gap acceptance behavior. Specifically, the authors examined two-way stop-controlled (TWSC) intersections with a two way left turn lane (TWLTL) on the major road. After examining the critical gap and identifying behavioral changes caused by waiting time, time of day, presence of passengers, and presence of queue, the authors further investigated the relationship between waiting time and gap acceptance and analyzed the variations in waiting time for right and left turn maneuvers. The results of this study reinforce the notion that driver behavior is affected by external factors such as waiting time, time of day, presence of passengers, presence of queue, etc. and should continue to be investigated in localities across the country.
Author: Rene' Senyo Lord-Attivor
Author: Rene' Senyo Lord-Attivor
Author: J. L. Gattis
Author: Marco Guerrieri
Author: Marjana Petrović
Author: Lee August Rodegerdts
Author: Karen S. Schurr
Author: Nuridah Sabtu
Author: Moshe Ben-Akiva
Author: Sahar Nabaee
Author: Robert Ashworth