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Author: Veronika Schulze Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Englische Version: Piezoelectrics have a wide range of applications in industry, everyday life and research. This requires an accurate knowledge of the material behavior, which implies the solution of simulation-based inverse identification problems. This thesis focuses on the optimal design of experiments addressing this problem. Piezoelectric materials exhibit the property of mechanical or electrical changes in response to applied potentials or forces (direct and indirect piezoelectric effect). To apply voltage and to exploit the indirect piezoelectric effect, electrodes are attached whose configura- tion have a significant influence on possible system responses. Therefore, the potential, the number and the size of the electrodes are initially optimized in the two-dimensional case. The piezoelectric behavior in the considered small signal range is based on a time dependent linear partial differential equation system. The derivation as well as the exis- tence, uniqueness and regularity of the solutions of the equations are shown. Time- and frequency-dependent simulations based on the finite element method (FEM) with the FEM simulation tool FEniCS are performed to calculate the electric charge and the impedance, which are relevant for the material identification problem and thus for the experimental design. Drawbacks in the derivative calculations are pointed out and a first set of adjoint equations is formulated. The modeling of the optimal experimental design (OED) prob- lem is done mainly by controlling the potential of the Dirichlet boundary conditions of the boundary value problem. Several numerical examples are used to show the resulting configurations and to address the difficulties encountered. Further electrode modeling ap- proaches for example by controlling the material properties are then discussed. Finally, possible extensions of the presented OED problem are pointed out.
Author: Veronika Schulze Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Englische Version: Piezoelectrics have a wide range of applications in industry, everyday life and research. This requires an accurate knowledge of the material behavior, which implies the solution of simulation-based inverse identification problems. This thesis focuses on the optimal design of experiments addressing this problem. Piezoelectric materials exhibit the property of mechanical or electrical changes in response to applied potentials or forces (direct and indirect piezoelectric effect). To apply voltage and to exploit the indirect piezoelectric effect, electrodes are attached whose configura- tion have a significant influence on possible system responses. Therefore, the potential, the number and the size of the electrodes are initially optimized in the two-dimensional case. The piezoelectric behavior in the considered small signal range is based on a time dependent linear partial differential equation system. The derivation as well as the exis- tence, uniqueness and regularity of the solutions of the equations are shown. Time- and frequency-dependent simulations based on the finite element method (FEM) with the FEM simulation tool FEniCS are performed to calculate the electric charge and the impedance, which are relevant for the material identification problem and thus for the experimental design. Drawbacks in the derivative calculations are pointed out and a first set of adjoint equations is formulated. The modeling of the optimal experimental design (OED) prob- lem is done mainly by controlling the potential of the Dirichlet boundary conditions of the boundary value problem. Several numerical examples are used to show the resulting configurations and to address the difficulties encountered. Further electrode modeling ap- proaches for example by controlling the material properties are then discussed. Finally, possible extensions of the presented OED problem are pointed out.
Author: Alper Erturk Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1119991358 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 377
Book Description
The transformation of vibrations into electric energy through the use of piezoelectric devices is an exciting and rapidly developing area of research with a widening range of applications constantly materialising. With Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting, world-leading researchers provide a timely and comprehensive coverage of the electromechanical modelling and applications of piezoelectric energy harvesters. They present principal modelling approaches, synthesizing fundamental material related to mechanical, aerospace, civil, electrical and materials engineering disciplines for vibration-based energy harvesting using piezoelectric transduction. Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting provides the first comprehensive treatment of distributed-parameter electromechanical modelling for piezoelectric energy harvesting with extensive case studies including experimental validations, and is the first book to address modelling of various forms of excitation in piezoelectric energy harvesting, ranging from airflow excitation to moving loads, thus ensuring its relevance to engineers in fields as disparate as aerospace engineering and civil engineering. Coverage includes: Analytical and approximate analytical distributed-parameter electromechanical models with illustrative theoretical case studies as well as extensive experimental validations Several problems of piezoelectric energy harvesting ranging from simple harmonic excitation to random vibrations Details of introducing and modelling piezoelectric coupling for various problems Modelling and exploiting nonlinear dynamics for performance enhancement, supported with experimental verifications Applications ranging from moving load excitation of slender bridges to airflow excitation of aeroelastic sections A review of standard nonlinear energy harvesting circuits with modelling aspects.
Author: Travis Carroll Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) is a ceramic material that can be classified as a smart material. This ceramic material exhibits a piezoelectric behavior, which means it is capable of transforming mechanical motion into an electrical charge and vice versa. In order to enhance its use in structural health monitoring systems, PZT, which is typically available in wafer form, is extruded into fibers and used to fabricate active fiber composites (AFCs). In a typical AFC, PZT fibers that are aligned side by side are embedded into an epoxy matrix. Since PZT exhibits both the direct and converse piezoelectric effects, AFCs can be used as actuators, sensors, or both. In order to exploit its piezoelectricity, interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) are applied to the AFC assembly. Due to the special design of the electrodes, the applied electric field is along the fibers length, known as the 3 direction. Poling of the fibers is accomplished using these IDEs which results in a poling direction along their length; therefore, the directions of poling and mechanical actuation are the same. This directional manipulation is beneficial because the piezoelectric properties directed along the fibers length, or 33 properties, are stronger than those through their thickness, or 31 properties. The piezoelectric response of AFCs is lower than that of bulk PZT due to various factors. Many models have been developed to predict the electromechanical behaviors of AFCs, and many studies have been performed on the mechanical properties of the material components in an AFC. However, very little research has been done on determining the piezoelectric properties of individual PZT fibers in an IDE setup without the presence of the epoxy matrix affecting them. The goal of this thesis is to characterize individual PZT fiber piezoelectric properties in an IDE setup in order to make recommendations for improving the design of AFCs, further optimizing their performance and applications. To accomplish this goal, special attention is focused on how these fibers behave in an IDE setup in order to understand how they would respond electromechanically in an AFC. As previously mentioned, very little research has been done to characterize the piezoelectric properties of individual PZT fibers ex-situ using an IDE setup. To the best of our knowledge, only one research study on electromechanical characterization of individual fibers in an IDE setup has been performed. In this study, done by a former group member, the values obtained through experimental processes and computer-modeling differed. The difference was believed to be caused mostly by various issues with the experimental processes developed at the time. Therefore, this research study extends the previous electromechanical characterization process of individual PZT fibers by improving different aspects of the experimental processes used. The rationale is that improving the experiments will help close the gap between experimentally obtained and model predicted piezoelectric coefficients. The piezoelectric e33 and d33 coefficients are the main focus in this study. Experimental values for the induced stress coefficient (e33) are determined for individual fibers in both a parallel electrode and IDE configuration. Various aspects of the experiments are altered in order to improve the reported coefficient values. Additionally, the induced strain coefficient, d33, of individual fibers in an IDE setup is measured. Due to a lack of published results in the literature, finite element analysis (FEA) models are developed in order to validate the induced strain responses of a fiber in both a parallel electrode and IDE setup. Experimentally, e33 values are found to be 4.8 C/m2 in a parallel electrode setup and 3.5 C/m2 in an IDE setup. The IDE coefficient value was about 73% of the parallel electrode value, which was expected from the design characteristics of the IDE setup. Computer models of a fiber in a parallel electrode setup and IDE setup predict the d33 coefficients to be 256 pm/V and 185 pm/V respectively. Again, the IDE value is found to be about 72% of the parallel electrode value. Experimental results report an IDE d33 value of 166 pm/V. The main conclusion of this study confirms that the PZT fiber properties differ from those of bulk PZT; therefore, incorporating these fiber properties into AFC models will lead to more accurate predictions of AFC electromechanical behavior, driving the optimization of AFCs forward.
Author: Daining Fang Publisher: Walter de Gruyter ISBN: 311029799X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 328
Book Description
This edited work covers piezoelectric materials in the form of beams, plates, shells, and other structural components in modern devices and structures. Applications are frequency control and detection functions in resonators, sensors, actuators, oscillations, and other smart and intelligent structures. The products and technology are with us in our daily life through computers and communication devices. The contributions cover novel methods for the analysis of piezoelectric structures including wave propagation, high frequency vibration, material characterization, and optimization of structures. Understanding of these methods is increasingly important in the design and modelling of next generation devices and micro-structures with piezoelectric elements and effects.
Author: Ivan A Parinov Publisher: World Scientific ISBN: 9811284261 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 312
Book Description
Discover the latest advances in ferroelectric and piezoelectric material sciences with this comprehensive monograph, divided into six chapters, each offering unique insights into the field.Chapter 1 delves into the manufacture and study of new ceramic materials, focusing on complex oxides of various metals (Aurivillius phases). The authors explore layered bismuth titanates and niobates, known for their high Curie temperature, and discuss how varying their chemical composition can lead to significant changes in their electrophysical properties. Chapter 2 explores the fascinating world of ferroelectrics — dielectrics with spontaneous polarization. Mathematical models and approaches of fractional calculus are used to understand the process of polarization switching in these materials, shedding light on the fractality of electrical responses. In Chapter 3, readers gain valuable insights into the inhomogeneous polarization process of polycrystalline ferroelectrics, a crucial stage in creating piezoceramic samples for energy converters. The authors present a comprehensive mathematical model that allows the determination of various characteristics, including dielectric and piezoelectric hysteresis loops and the effect of attenuation processes.Chapter 4 focuses on state-of-the-art piezoelectric energy harvesting, discussing theoretical, experimental, and computer modelling approaches. The authors discuss piezoelectric generators (PEGs) of different types (cantilever, stack and axis) and nonlinear effects arising at their operation. Chapter 5 presents expanded test and finite element models for cantilever-type and axial-type PEGs with active elements. The studies cover various structural and electric schemes of the PEGs with proof mass, bimorph and cylindrical piezoelectric elements, and excitation loads. Finally, Chapter 6 reviews some results in the last five years, obtained in modelling the vibration of devices from piezoactive materials, including five important effects: piezoelectric, flexoelectric, pyroelectric, piezomagnetic and flexomagnetic.As a diverse addition to the literature, this book is a relevant resource for researchers, engineers, and students seeking to expand their knowledge of cutting-edge developments in this exciting field.
Author: Haitao Huang Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 3527342710 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 384
Book Description
Provides a comprehensive overview of the emerging applications of ferroelectric materials in energy harvesting and storage Conventional ferroelectric materials are normally used in sensors and actuators, memory devices, and field effect transistors, etc. Recent progress in this area showed that ferroelectric materials can harvest energy from multiple sources including mechanical energy, thermal fluctuations, and light. This book gives a complete summary of the novel energy-related applications of ferroelectric materials?and reviews both the recent advances as well as the future perspectives in this field. Beginning with the fundamentals of ferroelectric materials, Ferroelectric Materials for Energy Applications offers in-depth chapter coverage of: piezoelectric energy generation; ferroelectric photovoltaics; organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites for solar energy conversion; ferroelectric ceramics and thin films in electric energy storage; ferroelectric polymer composites in electric energy storage; pyroelectric energy harvesting; ferroelectrics in electrocaloric cooling; ferroelectric in photocatalysis; and first-principles calculations on ferroelectrics for energy applications. -Covers a highly application-oriented subject with great potential for energy conversion and storage applications. -Focused toward a large, interdisciplinary group consisting of material scientists, solid state physicists, engineering scientists, and industrial researchers -Edited by the "father of integrated ferroelectrics" Ferroelectric Materials for Energy Applications is an excellent book for researchers working on ferroelectric materials and energy materials, as well as engineers looking to broaden their view of the field.
Author: Veronika Schulze
Author: Veronika Schulze
Author: Alper Erturk
Author: Travis Carroll
Author: Mnaouar Chouchane
Author: Daining Fang
Author: Ivan A Parinov
Author: 
Author: Haitao Huang
Author: Emílio Carlos Nelli Silva
Author: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics