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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Automobiles Languages : en Pages : 14
Book Description
The Minnesota Department of Transportation (MnDOT) developed the Rural Intersection Conflict Warning System (RICWS) Deployment project to reduce crashes at stop-controlled intersections. It is a statewide, Intelligent Transportation Systems project that will deploy intersection conflict warning systems at up to 50 rural, stop-controlled intersections. These systems will address crashes at stop-controlled intersections by providing drivers - on both the major and minor road - with a dynamic warning of other vehicles approaching the intersection. The first RICWS site, Trunk Highway 7 and Carver County CSAH 33, was evaluated for a period of 34 days to demonstrate the reliability of the system. During this period, the RICWS signs, beacons, and any other displays were covered and unavailable for driver interaction. The University of Minnesota installed a portable Intersection Surveillance System (ISS) and collected data from the RICWS as well as from the ISS. The data collected from the RICWS was validated against data recorded by the ISS in order to determine the accuracy and reliability of the RICWS. The RICWS was determined to have an activation rate of 99.98%, and meets the MnDOT specification of 99.95% sign activation rate. Sign activations were also validated using video captured at the site and a sample of times for valid activations and valid periods when the sign was inactive were recorded.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Automobiles Languages : en Pages : 14
Book Description
The Minnesota Department of Transportation (MnDOT) developed the Rural Intersection Conflict Warning System (RICWS) Deployment project to reduce crashes at stop-controlled intersections. It is a statewide, Intelligent Transportation Systems project that will deploy intersection conflict warning systems at up to 50 rural, stop-controlled intersections. These systems will address crashes at stop-controlled intersections by providing drivers - on both the major and minor road - with a dynamic warning of other vehicles approaching the intersection. The first RICWS site, Trunk Highway 7 and Carver County CSAH 33, was evaluated for a period of 34 days to demonstrate the reliability of the system. During this period, the RICWS signs, beacons, and any other displays were covered and unavailable for driver interaction. The University of Minnesota installed a portable Intersection Surveillance System (ISS) and collected data from the RICWS as well as from the ISS. The data collected from the RICWS was validated against data recorded by the ISS in order to determine the accuracy and reliability of the RICWS. The RICWS was determined to have an activation rate of 99.98%, and meets the MnDOT specification of 99.95% sign activation rate. Sign activations were also validated using video captured at the site and a sample of times for valid activations and valid periods when the sign was inactive were recorded.
Author: Disi Tian Publisher: ISBN: Category : Automobiles Languages : en Pages : 127
Book Description
The Rural Intersection Collision Warning System (i.e., RICWS) has been deployed across the state of Minnesota to provide real-time traffic information to motorists to assist them with identifying sufficient vehicle gaps at thru-STOP intersections. However, since its implementation, a number of complaints have been received from local road users in regard to the signs. To identify the human factors issues with the current RICWS sign and to propose safe and efficient alternatives to its use, multiple rounds of usability tests were conducted with Minnesota county engineers and local road users to assist iterative design modifications as well as evaluate the effectives of each sign’s ability to accurately convey information regarding each of its three states. Three alternative design options were developed and tested along with the original RICWS sign via a driving simulator. A total of 120 participants, including novice teenage drivers (16-18 years old), middle-aged drivers (35-50 years old) and older drivers (65-77 years old), were recruited and were then asked to drive through a sequence of rural thruSTOP controlled intersections, with and without the intervention. The objectives were to evaluate the safety effectiveness and efficiency of different RICWS sign options to promote safe gap acceptance at different types of rural intersections (i.e., varying levels of mainstream traffic volume and intersection visibility). The research findings revealed an overall safety benefit of the intervention; however, potential risks were also identified associated with its deployment. It was also observed that drivers’ perceptions did not all match their actual driving behaviors.
Author: Shauna L. Hallmark Publisher: ISBN: Category : Roads Languages : en Pages : 44
Book Description
The Minnesota Department of Transportation (MnDOT) is investing significant resources in intersection collision warning systems (ICWS) based on early indications of effectiveness. However, the effectiveness is not well documented, and negative changes in driver behavior at treatment intersections may affect drivers overall, resulting in a spillover effect. Moreover, the effectiveness of ICWS may decrease if drivers do not perceive a change in the dynamic messages. Therefore, the objectives of this research were to (1) evaluate driver behavior at mainline and stop-controlled approaches for intersections with and without ICWS and (2) assess the traffic volume range and limits where the system is nearly continuously activated and is likely to lose its effectiveness. Video data were collected at five treatment and corresponding control intersections, and various metrics were used to compare changes in driver behavior. In general, no negative behaviors were noted for either treatment or control intersections.
Author: Max Moreland Publisher: ISBN: Category : Roads Languages : en Pages : 62
Book Description
Between 2010 and 2020, 49 Reduced Conflict Intersections (RCIs) were installed on Minnesota Department of Transportation (MnDOT) roadways. The RCI is an alternative intersection layout that is intended to provide safety benefits by limiting the number of points within an intersection that two or more vehicle paths might intersect. Both a before-after analysis at RCIs and a cross-sectional analysis comparing RCIs to untreated intersections were conducted. With the installation of an RCI, both analyses yielded statistically significant decreases in fatal and serious injury crashes, angle crashes, and fatal and serious injury angle crashes. Statistically significant increases in rear-end crashes were found. Both analyses showed no significant changes to sideswipe crashes or total crashes. Based on these results, severity shift in crashes has been seen at the RCIs in Minnesota. The overall number of crashes have not changed, but the high-severity crashes have been reduced while property damage crashes have increased. The large decreases in severe crashes at RCI locations indicate the RCI can be an effective safety treatment.
Author: Taek Mu Kwon Publisher: ISBN: Category : Light emitting diodes Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The ALERT-2 system was redesigned to mitigate increased roll-throughs. With respect to technological advances, the ALERT-2 system improves many aspects of the basic technologies, providing higher system reliability, easier installation and maintainability, and better self-sustainability through redesign of the renewable energy application. To assess the driver behaviors at the test site, 13 months worth of video data and a survey of local residents were collected. This report describes the system development, implementation, and analysis of the video and survey data.
Author: Max Donath Publisher: ISBN: Category : Decision support systems Languages : en Pages : 22
Book Description
Minnesota joined with California, Virginia, and the FHWA in a pooled fund consortium (the Infrastructure Consortium) dedicated to improving intersection safety. The Minnesota team's objective is to develop effective strategies to mitigate high crash rates at rural intersections. Rural Intersection Decision Support (IDS) focuses on enhancing the driver's ability to successfully negotiate rural intersections. The system uses sensing and communication technology to identify safe gaps in traffic on a high-speed rural expressway and communicate this information to drivers waiting to enter the intersection from a minor intersecting road. The goal of this system is to improve safety without introducing traffic signals, which on high-speed rural roads often lead to an increase in rear-end crashes. The Rural IDS research program achieved four main research results: an analysis of rural expressway intersections, including development of a technique to identify those with higher-than-expected crash rates; development of a statistical model that can be used to estimate the benefits of deploying IDS at a specific rural intersection; design and implementation of a rural intersection surveillance and data acquisition system capable of quantifying the behavior of drivers; and a task analysis, design study, and simulator-based evaluation of Driver Infrastructure Interface (DII) concepts for communicating relevant information to stopped drivers.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Roads Languages : en Pages : 42
Book Description
In the US, some states have begun to address rural high-speed intersection crashes by physically restricting minor-road crossing movements (left and through turns) to simplify driver decision-making in terms of gap acceptance (the extent to which drivers will be able to utilize a gap in traffic of a particular size or duration). These treatments are referred to in Minnesota as reduced conflict intersections (RCIs). Within Minnesota’s rural corridors, introduction of RCI design has been successful in preventing severe crashes; however, the unusual design has been met with some apprehension from operators of agricultural equipment and large trucks. This, in combination with a resistance to the unfamiliar, has created a desire for more information regarding RCI configuration safety impacts for these types of vehicles. In response to these concerns, this study collected and evaluated large vehicle operational behavior at a set of RCIs and at similar standard control intersections in Minnesota. The researchers collected data in 2015 using a portable video trailer array and metrics on truck turning movements at three RCI intersections in Minnesota and three similar non-RCI intersections, which were proximate to the RCI intersections. The researchers compared travel time, evasive maneuvers, and other metrics for this study. The researchers found no evidence that validated concerns expressed about large vehicle operation at RCIs. Exposure time was not increased at U-turn locations and evasive maneuvers were lower than at control locations.
Author: Lee Alexander Publisher: ISBN: Category : Decision support systems Languages : en Pages : 225
Book Description
In rural Minnesota, approximately one-third of all crashes occur at intersections. Analysis of crash statistics and reports of crashes at rural expressway through-stop intersections shows that, for drivers who stop before entering the intersection, the majority of crashes involve an error in selecting a safe gap in traffic. The Intersection Decision Support system, developed at the University of Minnesota, is intended to reduce the number of driver errors by providing better information about oncoming traffic to drivers stopped at intersections. This report deals primarily with the surveillance technology which serves as the foundation upon which the IDS system will be built. Three components of the surveillance system are described in detail in the body of the report: 1) a Mainline Sensor subsystem; 2) a Minor Road Sensor subsystem; 3) a Median Sensor subsystem. These subsystems include radar units, laser-scanning sensors, and infrared cameras, integrated with a vehicle tracking and classification unit that estimates the states of all vehicles approaching the intersection. The design, installation, performance, and reliability of each of these three subsystems are documented in the report. The report concludes with an analysis of driver gap acceptance behavior at an instrumented intersection. Gap selection is examined as a function of time of day, traffic levels, weather conditions, maneuver, and other parameters. Log-normal distributions describe gaps acceptance behavior at rural, unsignalized expressway intersections.
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Author: Disi Tian
Author: Shauna L. Hallmark
Author: Howard Preston
Author: Max Moreland
Author: Taek Mu Kwon
Author: Max Donath
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Author: Lee Alexander
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