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Author: Eleanor Adair Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0323140688 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 503
Book Description
Microwaves and Thermoregulation emerged from a symposium hosted by the John B. Pierce Foundation at Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, on October 26-27, 1981. The event brought together engineers, physical scientists, physiologists, and psychologists to discuss the ways in which nonionizing electromagnetic radiation deposits thermalizing energy in biological tissues and how this energy may be detected and managed by the conscious organism. The book begins by tracing the history of thermal RF-tolerance and of thermoregulation. This is followed by chapters on topics such as the characteristics of the thermal environment; the microwave stimulus; electromagnetic heating for therapy; the effects of thermal (infrared) radiation on humans; body temperature regulation during euthermia and hyperthermia; the central nervous thermoregulatory system; and thermal sensation. Other chapters discuss the sensory dynamics of intense microwave irradiation; thermoregulation in intense microwave fields; thermoregulatory behavioral responses; and effects of long-term (subchronic) exposure to weak microwave fields. The book also includes a chapter featuring panel discussion held during the symposium, and one that discusses G. A. Sachers free-energy hypothesis of life-span enhancement.
Author: Eleanor Adair Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0323140688 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 503
Book Description
Microwaves and Thermoregulation emerged from a symposium hosted by the John B. Pierce Foundation at Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, on October 26-27, 1981. The event brought together engineers, physical scientists, physiologists, and psychologists to discuss the ways in which nonionizing electromagnetic radiation deposits thermalizing energy in biological tissues and how this energy may be detected and managed by the conscious organism. The book begins by tracing the history of thermal RF-tolerance and of thermoregulation. This is followed by chapters on topics such as the characteristics of the thermal environment; the microwave stimulus; electromagnetic heating for therapy; the effects of thermal (infrared) radiation on humans; body temperature regulation during euthermia and hyperthermia; the central nervous thermoregulatory system; and thermal sensation. Other chapters discuss the sensory dynamics of intense microwave irradiation; thermoregulation in intense microwave fields; thermoregulatory behavioral responses; and effects of long-term (subchronic) exposure to weak microwave fields. The book also includes a chapter featuring panel discussion held during the symposium, and one that discusses G. A. Sachers free-energy hypothesis of life-span enhancement.
Author: Eleanor R. Adair Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 79
Book Description
Low intensity microwave fields alter normal responses, both autonomic and behavioral, that regulate the body temperature. Using the squirrel monkey as an animal model, we have quantified the minimal intensity of 2450 MHz CW microwaves that will lower metabolic heat production in the cold, initiate thermoregulatory sweating in the heat, alter peripheral vasomotor tone in thermoneutral environments, and stimulate a behaving animal to select a cooler environment. The threshold intensities for all responses were remarkably similar (4-8 mW/cu cm), representing 15-20% of the monkey's resting metabolic rate. This finding suggests a common thermal basis for the response changes. Autonomic responses that generate or dissipate body heat showed some adaptation during prolonged microwave exposure whereas behaviroal thermoregulatory responses persisted unchanged as long as the microwave field was present. Partial body microwave exposure produced appropriate adjustments in thermoregulatory responses to a degree nominally proportional to the fraction of the body so exposed. In general, whether the environment is cold or warm, endotherms detect and respond immediately to low intensity microwave fields as they do to other environmental thermal stimuli with the result that internal body temperature is regulated with precision at the normal level. (Author).
Author: Institution of Engineering and Technology Publisher: Institution of Engineering & Technology ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 592
Book Description
Combines theoretical concepts with experimental results on thermal microwave radiation to increase the understanding of the complex nature of terrestrial media. Emphasising on radiative transfer models, this book covers the terrestrial aspects, from clear to cloudy atmosphere, precipitation, ocean and land surfaces, vegetation, snow and ice.
Author: Alexander Grankov Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9048132061 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 171
Book Description
We will show in this monograph some possibilities of using the potential of satellite passive microwave radiometric methods for the analysis of variations of heat and dynamic processes in the ocean–atmosphere interface in a wide range of time scales – from mesometeorogical (hours, daily) to seasonal (month) and multiyear (climatic) ones. The most essential mechanisms of intercommunication of natural microwave radiation of the system ocean–atmosphere (SOA) with the vertical turbulence fluxes of sensible, latent heat, as well as the momentum at the boundary of the SOA are studied. We will consider the turbulence heat fluxes as the factors generated by the c- otic movements in the atmosphere, when every small individual part of air is moved irregularly. Here, one can observe a transfer of the energy from large-scale to sma- scales; the average distance between the air particles is increased with a time. Also, the potential of remote sensing the characteristics of heat and water adv- tion and their accumulation in the atmosphere boundary layer are demonstrated. In these studies, we mean mainly the middle and high latitudes of the North Atlantic, which are forming the weather conditions and climatic trends over Europe and European territories of the Russia.
Author: Alexander G. Grankov Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319216473 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 207
Book Description
The book describes different approaches to the analysis of heat and dynamic processes in the ocean-atmospheric interface with satellite passive radiometric observations at microwaves. It examines the feasibility of determining synoptic, seasonal and year-to-year variations of sensible, latent and momentum fluxes to a useful accuracy using the DMSP SSM/I and EOS Aqua AMSR-E data directly from the measured brightness temperatures. An important object in the studies is the North Atlantic with emphasize on the areas with high midlatitude cyclon activity: here the main results have been obtained by combining data from the vessel experiments NEWFOUEX-88, ATLANTEX-90 and the data of microwave radiometers from the DMSP and EOS Aqua satellites. The role of vertical turbulent and horizontal advective heat transfer in forming interrelations between the brightness temperature of the system ocean-atmosphere and surface heat fluxes in the range of synoptic time scales is analyzed. Special sections of the book describe some results of analysis of reaction of the system ocean-atmosphere on passing of the tropical cyclone Katrina (August 2005) in the Florida Strait as well as a behavior of the system in the period of a time preceding to origination the cyclone Humberto (September 2007) in the Mexico Gulf. The long-term goal of this research is the search for effects and regularities, which can explain the reasons for the tropical cyclones appearance. Some characteristics of the tropical cyclones (brightness temperature and heat contrasts, etc.) are compared with those for midlatitude cyclones. At the same time as covering a key topic area with implications for global warming research, this text is also usefull to students who want to gain insight into application of satellite microwave radiometric methods for studying the air-sea interaction. Key themes: microwave radiometry, air-sea interaction, midlatitude and tropical cyclones, atmosphere boundary layer, heat and momentum surface fluxes.
Author: Gennadiy I. Churyumov Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand ISBN: 1839682264 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 204
Book Description
More than 80 years of experience in the practical application of electromagnetic energy in various fields of human activity (industry, agriculture, science, medicine, etc.) suggests that microwave heating is an effective application of electromagnetic energy. This book presents the latest investigations on the applications of microwave energy and the effects of microwave radiation on various materials and mediums. Divided into two sections on thermal and nonthermal effects, this volume contains eight chapters that examine the use of microwave energy to extract bioactive compounds from plant materials, for rock-breaking operations, to synthesize functional dyes and nanomaterials, and more.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 15
Book Description
The primary goal of the Symposium was to discuss how nonionizing radiation deposits thermalizing energy in biological tissues and the means by which this energy may be detected and effectively dealt with by the conscious organism. Much is known of the mechanisms by which endotherms achieve and maintain a characteristic stable internal body temperature in the face of environmental and internal thermal stresses. Nonionizing radio-frequency radiation provides a unique thermal challenge to deep as well as peripheral tissues that must be dealt with by these same mechanisms. Over the past several years, research into the biological effects of microwave exposure has advanced considerably; research emphasis has shifted from high intensity to low intensity exposure as scientists probe more and more subtle biological effects. With this shift in emphasis has come the realization that a body temperature increase in an experimental animal exposed to microwaves implies a breakdown of thermoregulatory mechanisms. On the other hand, low intensity exposures (previously dubbed non-thermal) usually initiate immediate and efficient thermoregulatory processes that ensure the constancy of the internal body temperature.
Author: Eleanor Adair
Author: Eleanor Adair
Author: Eleanor R. Adair
Author: T. Whit Athey
Author: Institution of Engineering and Technology
Author: 
Author: Thomas Whitfield Athey
Author: Alexander Grankov
Author: Alexander G. Grankov
Author: Gennadiy I. Churyumov
Author: