Microbial Desalination Cells for Low Energy Drinking Water PDF Download

Author: Sergio G. Salinas-Rodriguez
Publisher: IWA Publishing
ISBN: 9781789062113
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 200

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Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9789241545037
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 260

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Book Description
This volume describes the methods used in the surveillance of drinking water quality in the light of the special problems of small-community supplies, particularly in developing countries, and outlines the strategies necessary to ensure that surveillance is effective.

Author: Inamuddin
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119724694
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 530

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Book Description
Rapid industrialization and urbanization associated with the environment changes calls for reduced pollution and thereby least use of fossil fuels. Biofuel cells are bioenergy resources and biocompatible alternatives to conventional fuel cells. Biofuel cells are one of the new sustainable renewable energy sources that are based on the direct conversion of chemical matters to electricity with the aid of microorganisms or enzymes as biocatalysts. The gradual depletion of fossil fuels, increasing energy needs, and the pressing problem of environmental pollution have stimulated a wide range of research and development efforts for renewable and environmentally friendly energy. Energy generation from biomass resources by employing biofuel cells is crucial for sustainable development. Biofuel cells have attracted considerable attention as micro- or even nano-power sources for implantable biomedical devices, such as cardiac pacemakers, implantable self-powered sensors, and biosensors for monitoring physiological parameters. This book covers the most recent developments and offers a detailed overview of fundamentals, principles, mechanisms, properties, optimizing parameters, analytical characterization tools, various types of biofuel cells, all-category of materials, catalysts, engineering architectures, implantable biofuel cells, applications and novel innovations and challenges in this sector. This book is a reference guide for anyone working in the areas of energy and the environment.

Author: Dick van der Kooij
Publisher: IWA Publishing
ISBN: 1780400403
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 484

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Book Description
Maintaining the microbial quality in distribution systems and connected installations remains a challenge for the water supply companies all over the world, despite many years of research. This book identifies the main concerns and knowledge gaps related to regrowth and stimulates cooperation in future research. Microbial Growth in Drinking Water Supplies provides an overview of the regrowth issue in different countries and the water quality problems related to regrowth. The book assesses the causes of regrowth in drinking water and the prevention of regrowth by water treatment and distribution. Editors: Dirk van der Kooij and Paul W.J.J. van der Wielen, KWR Watercycle Research Institute, The Netherlands

Author: Vipin Chandra Kalia
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319526669
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 335

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This contributed volume sheds new light on waste management and the production of biofuels. The authors share insights into microbial applications to meet the challenges of environmental pollution and the ever- growing need for renewable energy. They also explain how healthy and balanced ecosystems can be created and maintained using strategies ranging from oil biodegration and detoxification of azo dyes to biofouling. In addition, the book illustrates how the metabolic abilities of microorganisms can be used in microbial fuel-cell technologies or for the production of biohydrogen. It inspires young researchers and experienced scientists in the field of microbiology to explore the application of green biotechnology for bioremediation and the production of energy, which will be one of the central topics for future generations.

Author: Mohammad Tanhaemami
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biomass energy
Languages : en
Pages : 232

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Book Description
The world's population is rapidly growing while access to clean usable water is decreasing especially in relation to drinking purposes making water desalination a necessary path to go through. Although there are plenty of brackish groundwater reservoirs on earth, technologies must be improved to optimize energy utilization. Techniques using membranes are known as effective ways for water desalination in terms of potable water output. Reverse osmosis (RO), electro dialysis reversal (EDR), Nanofiltration (NF), and others are those that are widely used. Continuous effort has been made in the field of water desalination by applying different methods to increase efficiency and decrease the costs. However, available technologies are still energy intensive and expensive, making new approaches to desalinate water highly desirable. Microbial Desalination Cell (MDC) is considered as a viable option when compared to conventional methods of water desalination. For several years it has been demonstrated that microorganisms existing in the nature can break down organic substrates in order to generate electricity directly. However, controlling harvesting the generated electricity was a challenge. The emergence of Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) creates the opportunity to challenge through the conversion of energy within a substrate to electrical energy by getting help from bacteria. Several ways of electron transfer have been discovered until now and there are many future applications available for MFCs. One of the newly revealed approaches is to desalinate water while treating wastewater and producing energy at the same time. This aspect technology is called Microbial Desalination Cells. MDCs are basically MFCs with an additional chamber for feed water to be desalinated. MDCs are taking their very first steps into technological world and there are several obstacles on the way to bring them into industrial scale. During this study a new approach for MDC technology is provided for desalination of brackish ground water. An artificial wastewater is used in the anode, and a solution containing potassium hexacyanoferrate is used as the catholyte in the MDC reactors. Different parameters such as temperature, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total dissolved solids (TDS) of feed water are studied in order to achieve a general model for behavior of Microbial Desalination Cells. A full factorial design of such parameters is conducted as combinations of COD and TDS are investigated at 20 °C and 25 °C. Applying SAS ® software a predictive model is provided regarding the results of experiments.

Author: Inamuddin
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030728730
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 254

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Book Description
This edited book explores the most promising and reliable technological developments expected to impact on the next generation of desalination systems. The book includes research studies which takes the reader on a fascinating walk through the multidisciplinary world of membrane science applied to water treatment. Concerning the ultimate technological advancement, the book seeks to investigate how to bridge the gap between the laboratory scale and the applicability to industry.

Author: Michael H. Gerardi
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0471710423
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 191

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Book Description
A practical guide to wastewater pathogens The fourth volume in Wiley's Wastewater Microbiology series, Wastewater Pathogens offers wastewater personnel a practical guide that is free of overly technical jargon. Designed especially for operators, the text provides straight facts on the biology of treatment as well as appropriate protective measures. Coverage includes: * An overview of relevant history, hazards, and organisms * Viruses, bacteria, and fungi * Protozoa and helminthes * Ectoparasites and rodents * Aerosols, foam, and sludge * Disease transmission and the body's defenses * Removal, inactivation, and destruction of pathogens * Hygiene measures, protective equipment, and immunizations

Author: Stewart Burn
Publisher: IWA Publishing
ISBN: 9781780405056
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
Early applications of desalination were small-scale plants deploying a range of technologies. However with the technological developments in Reverse Osmosis, most new plants use this technology because it has a proven history of use and low energy and capital costs compared with other available desalination technologies. This has led to the recent trend for larger seawater desalination plants in an effort to further reduce costs, and 1000 MLD seawater desalination plants are projected by 2020. Efficient Desalination by Reverse Osmosis recognises that desalination by reverse osmosis has progressed significantly over the last decades and provides an up to date review of the state of the art for the reverse osmosis process. It covers issues that arise from desalination operations, environmental issues and ideas for research that will bring further improvements in this technology. Efficient Desalination by Reverse Osmosis provides a complete guide to best practice from pre-treatment through to project delivery. Editors: Stewart Burn, Visiting Scientist, CSIRO Manufacturing. Adjunct Professor, Institute of Sustainability and Innovation, Victoria University. Adjunct Professor, Department of Civil, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, RMIT University. Stephen Gray, Director, Institute of Sustainability and Innovation, Victoria University.

Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030910470X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 189

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Book Description
A range of natural earth materials, like arsenic or fluoride, have long been linked to significant human health effects. Improved understanding of the pervasive and complex interactions between earth materials and human health will require creative collaborations between earth scientists and public health professionals. At the request of the National Science Foundation, U.S. Geological Survey, and National Aeronautics and Space Administration, this National Research Council book assesses the current state of knowledge at the interface between the earth sciences and public health disciplines. The book identifies high-priority areas for collaborative research, including understanding the transport and bioavailability of potentially hazardous earth materials, using risk-based scenarios to mitigate the public health effects of natural hazards under current and future climate regimes, and understanding the health risks that result from disturbance of earth systems. Geospatial information - geological maps for earth scientists and epidemiological data for public health professionals - is identified as one of the essential integrative tools that is fundamental to the activities of both communities. The book also calls for increased data sharing between agencies to promote interdisciplinary research without compromising privacy.