Microalgae Cultivation Using Offshore Membrane Enclosures for Growing Algae (OMEGA) PDF Download

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 188

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Book Description
Offshore Membrane Enclosures for Growing Algae (OMEGA) cultivate microalgae using wastewater contained in floating photobioreactors (PBRs) deployed in marine environments; thereby eliminating competition with agriculture for water, fertilizer, and land. The offshore placement in protected bays near coastal cities co-locates OMEGA with wastewater outfalls and sources of CO2-rich flue gas on shore, while the seawater supports the PBRs, regulates temperature and can drive forward osmosis to concentrate nutrients and facilitate microalgal dewatering. To evaluate the feasibility of OMEGA, microalgae were grown on secondary-treated wastewater and simulated flue gas (8.5% CO2 V/V) in a 110-liter prototype system tested in a seawater tank. The flow-through system consisted of tubular PBRs made of transparent linear low-density polyethylene, a gas exchange-harvesting column (GEHC), two pumps, and a custom supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system. The PBRs contained regularly spaced swirl vanes to impart a helical flow and improve mixing of the circulating culture. About 5% of the culture volume was diverted through the GEHC to remove dissolved oxygen (DO), provide supplemental CO2, and harvest microalgae in a settling chamber. The SCADA system controlled CO2 injection and recorded DO levels, totalized CO2 flow, temperature, circulation rates, photosynthetic active radiation (PAR), and the photosynthetic efficiency as determined by fast repetition rate fluorometry. In two experimental trials, totaling 23 days in April and May 2012, microalgal productivity averaged 14.1 1.3 gm-2 day-1 (n = 16), supplemental CO2 was converted to biomass with>50% efficiency, and>90% of the ammonia-nitrogen was recovered from secondary effluent. Experimental data collected during prototype evaluation clearly demonstrated that the accumulation of marine biofouling on the PBR tubes strongly suppressed rates of microalgal photosynthesis, as biofouled PBRs consumed less CO2 than clean PBRs. These results suggest that any OMEGA deployment must have means to remove or prevent biofouling from accumulating on the surface of PBRs. This work also presents preliminary data regarding the use of energy-efficient electrochemical harvesting processes appropriate for the OMEGA configuration presented here. If OMEGA can be optimized for energy efficiency and scaled-up economically, it has the potential to contribute significantly to biofuels production and wastewater treatment.

Author: Jonathan Trent
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biomass energy
Languages : en
Pages : 116

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Author: Jonathan Trent
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biomass energy
Languages : en
Pages : 170

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Book Description

Author: Abu Yousuf
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128175370
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 384

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Book Description
Microalgae Cultivation for Biofuels Production explores the technological opportunities and challenges involved in producing economically competitive algal-derived biofuel. The book discusses efficient methods for cultivation, improvement of harvesting and lipid extraction techniques, optimization of conversion/production processes of fuels and co-products, the integration of microalgae biorefineries to several industries, environmental resilience by microalgae, and a techno-economic and lifecycle analysis of the production chain to gain maximum benefits from microalgae biorefineries. Provides an overview of the whole production chain of microalgal biofuels and other bioproducts Presents an analysis of the economic and sustainability aspects of the production chain Examines the integration of microalgae biorefineries into several industries

Author: Debabrata Das
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319228137
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 479

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Book Description
This book critically discusses different aspects of algal production systems and several of the drawbacks related to microalgal biomass production, namely, low biomass yield, and energy-consuming harvesting, dewatering, drying and extraction processes. These provide a background to the state-of-the-art technologies for algal cultivation, CO2 sequestration, and large-scale application of these systems. In order to tap the commercial potential of algae, a biorefinery concept has been proposed that could help to extract maximum benefits from algal biomass. This refinery concept promotes the harvesting of multiple products from the feedstock so as to make the process economically attractive. For the last few decades, algal biomass has been explored for use in various products such as fuel, agricultural crops, pigments and pharmaceuticals, as well as in bioremediation. To meet the huge demand, there has been a focus on large-scale production of algal biomass in closed or open photobioreactors. Different nutritional conditions for algal growth have been explored, such as photoautotrophic, heterotrophic, mixotrophic and oleaginous. This book is aimed at a wide audience, including undergraduates, postgraduates, academics, energy researchers, scientists in industry, energy specialists, policy makers and others who wish to understand algal biorefineries and also keep abreast of the latest developments.

Author: Se-Kwon Kim
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128011246
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 605

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Book Description
Handbook of Microalgae: Biotechnology Advances offers complete coverage of marine microalgae, including biology, production techniques, biotechnological applications, economic perspectives of applications, and environmental effects of marine microalgae blooms. With contributions from world experts, Handbook of Microalgae: Biotechnology Advances focuses on microalgae from an organism perspective to offer a complete picture from evolution to biofuel. Focuses on a comprehensive approach from an organism point of view Contains full coverage of all aspects of microalgae from biology through biotechnological and biomedical applications Includes biological properties of commercial algal species Provides microalgae screening and identification methods, culturing methods and new aspects of processing

Author: Gabriela Soreanu
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128190655
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 526

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Book Description
From Biofiltration to Promising Options in Gaseous Fluxes Biotreatment: Recent Developments, New Trends, Advances, and Opportunities provides an overview on the biological tools used for the treatment of the gaseous fluxes, with emphasis on traditional and perspective options, opening new horizons for research and implementation in practice. It is known that air pollution is an emergent global issue and a priority within the international environmental programs. Moreover, technologies based on biological methods are significantly contributing to the sustainable development concept. Thus this book provides tools for solving air pollution issues in a sustainable manner. These issues can be solved at different levels (e.g., "end-of-pipe" gaseous streams, indoor/outdoor air, closed environments), which can be approached by the different biotechniques presented in the book, from classical biofiltration techniques (part 1) to phytotreatment and microalgae-based techniques (part 2). Although all options have their particularities that make them special for certain applications, a special attention is drawn to the potential of the last one, which offers multiple possibilities for biomass valorization. Scientists from worldwide with relevant experience in their field have been contributed to the development of this book. Presents the main biotechnological aspects applied for gas purification, focusing on process understanding, limitations, and capability in different applications Promotes a sustainable future of the biofiltration process by enhancing their performance together with the simultaneously economic and environmental impacts Implements new aspects of scientific research and development in the field

Author: Charis M. Galanakis
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128232145
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 454

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Book Description
Microalgae: Cultivation, Recovery of Compounds and Applications supports the scientific community, professionals and enterprises that aspire to develop industrial and commercialized applications of microalgae cultivation. Topics covered include conventional and emerging cultivation and harvesting techniques of microalgae, design, transport phenomena models of microalgae growth in photobioreactors, and the catalytic conversion of microalgae. A significant focus of the book illustrates how marine algae can increase sustainability in industries like food, agriculture, biofuel and bioprocessing, among others. This book is a complete reference for food scientists, technologists and engineers working in the bioresource technology field. It will be of particular interest to academics and professionals working in the food industry, food processing, chemical engineering and biotechnology. Explores emerging technologies for the clean recovery of antioxidants from microalgae Includes edible oil and biofuels production, functional food, cosmetics and animal feed applications Discusses microalgae use in sustainable agriculture and wastewater treatment Considers the techno-economic aspects of microalgae processing for biofuel, chemicals, pharmaceuticals and bioplastics

Author: Amos Richmond
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118567196
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1148

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Book Description
Algae are some of the fastest growing organisms in the world, with up to 90% of their weight made up from carbohydrate, protein and oil. As well as these macromolecules, microalgae are also rich in other high-value compounds, such as vitamins, pigments, and biologically active compounds, All these compounds can be extracted for use by the cosmetics, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and food industries, and the algae itself can be used for feeding of livestock, in particular fish, where on-going research is dedicated to increasing the percentage of fish and shellfish feed not derived from fish meal. Microalgae are also applied to wastewater bioremediation and carbon capture from industrial flue gases, and can be used as organic fertilizer. So far, only a few species of microalgae, including cyanobacteria, are under mass cultivation. The potential for expansion is enormous, considering the existing hundreds of thousands of species and subspecies, in which a large gene-pool offers a significant potential for many new producers. Completely revised, updated and expanded, and with the inclusion of new Editor, Qiang Hu of Arizona State University, the second edition of this extremely important book contains 37 chapters. Nineteen of these chapters are written by new authors, introducing many advanced and emerging technologies and applications such as novel photobioreactors, mass cultivation of oil-bearing microalgae for biofuels, exploration of naturally occurring and genetically engineered microalgae as cell factories for high-value chemicals, and techno-economic analysis of microalgal mass culture. This excellent new edition also contains details of the biology and large-scale culture of several economically important and newly-exploited microalgae, including Botryococcus, Chlamydomonas, Nannochloropsis, Nostoc, Chlorella, Spirulina, Haematococcus, and Dunaniella species/strains. Edited by Amos Richmond and Qiang Hu, each with a huge wealth of experience in microalgae, its culture, and biotechnology, and drawing together contributions from experts around the globe, this thorough and comprehensive new edition is an essential purchase for all those involved with microalgae, their culture, processing and use. Biotechnologists, bioengineers, phycologists, pharmaceutical, biofuel and fish-feed industry personnel and biological scientists and students will all find a vast amount of cutting-edge information within this Second Edition. Libraries in all universities where biological sciences, biotechnology and aquaculture are studied and taught should all have copies of this landmark new edition on their shelves.

Author: Clemens Posten
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
ISBN: 3110298325
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 340

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Book Description
With the high interest in renewable resources, the field of algal biotechnology has undergone a huge leap in importance in recent years. The book Microalgae Biotechnology - Integration and Economy treats integrated approaches to bring the high potential of microalgae into application, accelerate the development of really working production processes and put finally the products on the market. Close interaction of biology and process engineering becomes visible in the described processes. The big impact of microalgal biotechnology on our future society is outlined as a desirable consequence of scientific progress. This book will allow protagonists in academia and industry as well as decision makers in industry and politics to get a clear picture of current possibilities and future trends in microalgal biotechnology.