Methods to Restore Native Plant Communities After Invasive Species Removal PDF Download

Author: Kathryn Aubrey Villazon
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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ABSTRACT: Because Florida's natural ecosystems are increasingly invaded by exotic and undesirable plant species, invasive species removal is a major part of ecosystem restoration, and revegetation efforts after invasive species clearing is often necessary. Invasive species removal can be achieved through mechanical, cultural, chemical, or biological means. Few studies have addressed methods for successful native plant recolonization after invasive species removal using revegetation strategies. Different techniques for native species establishment were investigated in formerly invaded hydric and mesic-xeric ecosystems. The hydric site, consisting of two marl prairie ponds, and a mesic-xeric site, an abandoned phosphate mine, were both initially monotypic stands of Salix caroliniana Michx. (coastalplain willow) and Imperata cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv. (cogongrass), respectively. Following removal of the invasive species either by mechanical or chemical methods, we investigated different revegetation techniques. At the hydric site, the effects of two planting densities, two elevations, and two different propagule sizes on plant survival and volume of installed native plants were researched.

Author: Therese M. Poland
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030453677
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 455

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Book Description
This open access book describes the serious threat of invasive species to native ecosystems. Invasive species have caused and will continue to cause enormous ecological and economic damage with ever increasing world trade. This multi-disciplinary book, written by over 100 national experts, presents the latest research on a wide range of natural science and social science fields that explore the ecology, impacts, and practical tools for management of invasive species. It covers species of all taxonomic groups from insects and pathogens, to plants, vertebrates, and aquatic organisms that impact a diversity of habitats in forests, rangelands and grasslands of the United States. It is well-illustrated, provides summaries of the most important invasive species and issues impacting all regions of the country, and includes a comprehensive primary reference list for each topic. This scientific synthesis provides the cultural, economic, scientific and social context for addressing environmental challenges posed by invasive species and will be a valuable resource for scholars, policy makers, natural resource managers and practitioners.

Author: Benjamin Vogt
Publisher: New Society Publishers
ISBN: 1771422459
Category : Gardening
Languages : en
Pages : 217

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Book Description
In a time of climate change and mass extinction, how we garden matters more than ever: “An outstanding and deeply passionate book.” —Marc Bekoff, author of The Emotional Lives of Animals Plenty of books tell home gardeners and professional landscape designers how to garden sustainably, what plants to use, and what resources to explore. Yet few examine why our urban wildlife gardens matter so much—not just for ourselves, but for the larger human and animal communities. Our landscapes push aside wildlife and in turn diminish our genetically programmed love for wildness. How can we get ourselves back into balance through gardens, to speak life's language and learn from other species? Benjamin Vogt addresses why we need a new garden ethic, and why we urgently need wildness in our daily lives—lives sequestered in buildings surrounded by monocultures of lawn and concrete that significantly harm our physical and mental health. He examines the psychological issues around climate change and mass extinction as a way to understand how we are short-circuiting our response to global crises, especially by not growing native plants in our gardens. Simply put, environmentalism is not political; it's social justice for all species marginalized today and for those facing extinction tomorrow. By thinking deeply and honestly about our built landscapes, we can create a compassionate activism that connects us more profoundly to nature and to one another.

Author: Nancy Lawson
Publisher: Chronicle Books
ISBN: 1616896175
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 226

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Book Description
In this eloquent plea for compassion and respect for all species, journalist and gardener Nancy Lawson describes why and how to welcome wildlife to our backyards. Through engaging anecdotes and inspired advice, profiles of home gardeners throughout the country, and interviews with scientists and horticulturalists, Lawson applies the broader lessons of ecology to our own outdoor spaces. Detailed chapters address planting for wildlife by choosing native species; providing habitats that shelter baby animals, as well as birds, bees, and butterflies; creating safe zones in the garden; cohabiting with creatures often regarded as pests; letting nature be your garden designer; and encouraging natural processes and evolution in the garden. The Humane Gardener fills a unique niche in describing simple principles for both attracting wildlife and peacefully resolving conflicts with all the creatures that share our world.

Author: Tao Orion
Publisher: Chelsea Green Publishing
ISBN: 1603585648
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 274

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Book Description
Invasive species are everywhere, from forests and prairies to mountaintops and river mouths. Their rampant nature and sheer numbers appear to overtake fragile native species and forever change the ecosystems that they depend on. Concerns that invasive species represent significant threats to global biodiversity and ecological integrity permeate conversations from schoolrooms to board rooms, and concerned citizens grapple with how to rapidly and efficiently manage their populations. These worries have culminated in an ongoing “war on invasive species,” where the arsenal is stocked with bulldozers, chainsaws, and herbicides put to the task of their immediate eradication. In Hawaii, mangrove trees (Avicennia spp.) are sprayed with glyphosate and left to decompose on the sandy shorelines where they grow, and in Washington, helicopters apply the herbicide Imazapyr to smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora) growing in estuaries. The “war on invasive species” is in full swing, but given the scope of such potentially dangerous and ecologically degrading eradication practices, it is necessary to question the very nature of the battle. Beyond the War on Invasive Species offers a much-needed alternative perspective on invasive species and the best practices for their management based on a holistic, permaculture-inspired framework. Utilizing the latest research and thinking on the changing nature of ecological systems, Beyond the War on Invasive Species closely examines the factors that are largely missing from the common conceptions of invasive species, including how the colliding effects of climate change, habitat destruction, and changes in land use and management contribute to their proliferation. There is more to the story of invasive species than is commonly conceived, and Beyond the War on Invasive Species offers ways of understanding their presence and ecosystem effects in order to make more ecologically responsible choices in land restoration and biodiversity conservation that address the root of the invasion phenomenon. The choices we make on a daily basis—the ways we procure food, shelter, water, medicine, and transportation—are the major drivers of contemporary changes in ecosystem structure and function; therefore, deep and long-lasting ecological restoration outcomes will come not just from eliminating invasive species, but through conscientious redesign of these production systems.

Author: Kimberly Harding
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Invasive plants
Languages : en
Pages : 8

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Book Description
Thinning, prescribed fire, and other treatments can restore ecological integrity in southwestern ponderosa pine forests that are at risk of unnaturally severe crown fires and bark beetle outbreaks. Such treatments can promote the survival and recruitment of native plants and animal species, but they also represent a significant disturbance that can allow invasive plants to spread. Invasive plants are a serious threat to the biological integrity of lands in western North America and elsewhere. Mitigating their impact must be a high priority during the planning and implementation of restoration treatments. This publication presents an overview of methods to prevent and control their spread.

Author: David D. Briske
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319467093
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 664

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Book Description
This book is open access under a CC BY-NC 2.5 license. This book provides an unprecedented synthesis of the current status of scientific and management knowledge regarding global rangelands and the major challenges that confront them. It has been organized around three major themes. The first summarizes the conceptual advances that have occurred in the rangeland profession. The second addresses the implications of these conceptual advances to management and policy. The third assesses several major challenges confronting global rangelands in the 21st century. This book will compliment applied range management textbooks by describing the conceptual foundation on which the rangeland profession is based. It has been written to be accessible to a broad audience, including ecosystem managers, educators, students and policy makers. The content is founded on the collective experience, knowledge and commitment of 80 authors who have worked in rangelands throughout the world. Their collective contributions indicate that a more comprehensive framework is necessary to address the complex challenges confronting global rangelands. Rangelands represent adaptive social-ecological systems, in which societal values, organizations and capacities are of equal importance to, and interact with, those of ecological processes. A more comprehensive framework for rangeland systems may enable management agencies, and educational, research and policy making organizations to more effectively assess complex problems and develop appropriate solutions.

Author: Margaret Roach
Publisher: Timber Press
ISBN: 1604698772
Category : Gardening
Languages : en
Pages : 321

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Book Description
“A Way to Garden prods us toward that ineffable place where we feel we belong; it’s a guide to living both in and out of the garden.” —The New York Times Book Review For Margaret Roach, gardening is more than a hobby, it’s a calling. Her unique approach, which she calls “horticultural how-to and woo-woo,” is a blend of vital information you need to memorize and intuitive steps you must simply feel and surrender to. In A Way to Garden, Roach imparts decades of garden wisdom on seasonal gardening, ornamental plants, vegetable gardening, design, gardening for wildlife, organic practices, and much more. She also challenges gardeners to think beyond their garden borders and to consider the ways gardening can enrich the world. Brimming with beautiful photographs of Roach’s own garden, A Way to Garden is practical, inspiring, and a must-have for every passionate gardener.

Author: Peter Del Tredici
Publisher: Cornell University Press
ISBN: 1501740466
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 409

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Book Description
In this field guide to the future, esteemed Harvard University botanist Peter Del Tredici unveils the plants that will become even more dominant in urban environments under projected future environmental conditions. These plants are the most important and most common plants in cities. Learning what they are and the role they play, he writes, will help us all make cities more livable and enjoyable. With more than 1000 photos, readers can easily identify these powerful plants. Learn about the fascinating cultural history of each plant.

Author: Eric Richard Moore
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
Invasive species and habitat loss due to fragmentation threaten biodiversity and ecosystems worldwide. Urban areas are at the intersection of these threats, where natural ecosystems are altered and incorporated into expanding urban environments to meet the demands of population migration. Urban forests often contain problematic invasive plant species and are highly heterogeneous, resulting in changes to plant communities and ecosystem functions that may ultimately affect future forest regeneration. Specifically, the invasive shrub Rosa multiflora (multiflora rose, or "rose") has become the dominant understory species in northeastern United States forests, where this research was conducted. This dissertation focuses on how plant communities in small urban forests are influenced by invasion, and how they might respond to management intervention. In particular, I investigated how herbaceous and understory plant communities of small urban forests are responding to invasion over two growing seasons. Additionally, I tested several management and restoration strategies (invasive plant removal, removal followed by native seed addition, and removal plus native seed and mulched invasive stem addition) across three levels of rose invasion (low, medium, and high) for their effectiveness at preventing reinvasion, promoting native plant diversity, and slowing soil nitrogen cycling in these forests. I found the herbaceous forest layer contained the most native and least non-native species, though richness declined in more than half of sites. The ground cover layer was dominated by invasive species, and the seedling and sapling layers were dominated by rose, which became more abundant over time. Native shrub abundance declined, and three native tree and shrub species were no longer present in the largest size class (DBH > 2.54 cm and height 9́Æ 1 m), nor were they present in the seedling or sapling layers. The spread of invasive plants within these forests in two years demonstrates the need to conduct empirically tested management strategies to diminish plant invasion threats to native species. My experimental removal research provided evidence that restoration outcomes were dependent on the amount of rose invasion in forests prior to management implementation. Invasive plant removal alone increased richness, native floristic quality (Native Floristic Quality Assessment Index, FQAIN), and native shrub abundance under medium rose invasion pressure, though addition of a native seed mix effectively increased species richness and FQAIN across all levels of rose invasion. N mineralization was driven by nitrification under low and high rose invasion but by ammonification under medium rose invasion. Moreover, addition of native seed mix and mulched woody stems reduced nitrification under the medium invasion scenario. However, plant community responses to these management strategies remain complex, and the narrow window of investigation in these studies (2-3 years) may not be long enough to capture changes occurring more slowly within these forests. Together, these results demonstrate that urban forest are becoming more invaded over time, and native woody plants and herbs in particular are under threat. The displacement of native woody plants from seedling and sapling layers, and loss of larger native trees and shrubs will undoubtedly affect the ability of small forests to regenerate native overstory canopies. Thus, there is a growing need to study long-term invasion and urbanization dynamics influencing small, urban/suburban forests, and manage invasive species before they pose greater threats to future forest ecosystems.