Metastable Dynamics of Neural Ensembles PDF Download

Author: Emili Balaguer-Ballester
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889454371
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 152

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Book Description
A classical view of neural computation is that it can be characterized in terms of convergence to attractor states or sequential transitions among states in a noisy background. After over three decades, is this still a valid model of how brain dynamics implements cognition? This book provides a comprehensive collection of recent theoretical and experimental contributions addressing the question of stable versus transient neural population dynamics from complementary angles. These studies showcase recent efforts for designing a framework that encompasses the multiple facets of metastability in neural responses, one of the most exciting topics currently in systems and computational neuroscience.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
A classical view of neural computation is that it can be characterized in terms of convergence to attractor states or sequential transitions among states in a noisy background. After over three decades, is this still a valid model of how brain dynamics implements cognition? This book provides a comprehensive collection of recent theoretical and experimental contributions addressing the question of stable versus transient neural population dynamics from complementary angles. These studies showcase recent efforts for designing a framework that encompasses the multiple facets of metastability in neural responses, one of the most exciting topics currently in systems and computational neuroscience.

Author: Leonid I. Perlovsky
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3540732675
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 369

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Book Description
Experimental evidence in humans and other mammalians indicates that complex neurodynamics is crucial for the emergence of higher-level intelligence. Dynamical neural systems with encoding in limit cycle and non-convergent attractors have gained increasing popularity in the past decade. The role of synchronization, desynchronization, and intermittent synchronization on cognition has been studied extensively by various authors, in particular by authors contributing to the present volume. This book addresses dynamical aspects of brain functions and cognition.

Author: Stefano Spezia
Publisher: Arcler Press
ISBN: 9781773611242
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
Neuronal Dynamics is a field of knowledge that creates models of individual neurons and biological neural networks of any part of the nervous system. Ongoing research efforts of spiking neural networks attempts to gain a better understanding of the brain and/or realize its electronic replicas that partially imitate brain functionalities such as learning and memory. In particular, the cortex is a complex system, characterized by its dynamics and architecture, which underlie many functions such as action, perception, learning, language, and cognition. Despite its structural architecture has been studied for more than a hundred years, its dynamics is not entirely understood.The book begins with a brief introduction that provides some basilar concepts about the neurophysiology of the neurons. In particular, the morphology of both neurons and synapsis, the action potentials and electrical properties of the cell membrane have been considered. Section 1 focuses on the most influential and enduring cellular model: the Hodgkin-Huxley action potential model, which historically was constructed for the squid giant axon and persists to this day. Section 2 discusses of integrate-and-fire neuron models which present the advantage to be well applicable to study the dynamics of large neuronal populations, due to their computational efficiency and analytical tractability. Section 3 present recent works about the FitzHugh-Nagumo model. In particular, the study of the influence of the cortex curvature on spreading depression, the propagation of excitation waves in moving media, and the identification of chaotic elements as a source of certain diseases have been taken into account. Section 4 deals with the interacting neuronal populations, the appearance of chaos in neuronal networks and the interaction between synaptic inhibition and glial-potassium dynamics. Finally, the last Section 5 focuses on dynamic of cognition. In particular, the key role of metastable states in the execution of cognitive functions, the statistical description of neuronal ensembles in terms of a Fokker-Planck equation, and the unification of probabilistic inference and synaptic plasticity by using a neuronal network that implements the well-studied Helmholtz Machine are discussed.

Author: Gregory Minissale
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 110891246X
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 291

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Book Description
This book examines the psychology involved in handling, and responding to, materials in artistic practice, such as oils, charcoal, brushes, canvas, earth, and sand. Artists often work with intuitive, tactile sensations and rhythms that connect them to these materials. Rhythm connects the brain and body to the world, and the world of abstract art. The book features new readings of artworks by Matisse, Pollock, Dubuffet, Tápies, Benglis, Len Lye, Star Gossage, Shannon Novak, Simon Ingram, Lee Mingwei, L. N. Tallur and many others. Such art challenges centuries of philosophical and aesthetic order that has elevated the substance of mind over the substance of matter. This is a multidisciplinary study of different metastable patterns and rhythms: in art, the body, and the brain. This focus on the propagation of rhythm across domains represents a fresh art historical approach and provides important opportunities for art and science to cooperate.

Author: Charles W. Wang
Publisher: Nova Publishers
ISBN: 9781600215209
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 470

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Book Description
Non-linear, or chaotic behaviour in real world systems has been reported in electronic circuits and communications systems, chemical reactions, biological behaviour. Applications include solitons, integrable systems, cellular automata, pattern formation, qualitative structure and bifurcation theory, onset of chaos and turbulence, analytic dynamics, and transport phenomena. This book presents important new research in this dynamic field.

Author: J. A. Scott Kelso
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262112914
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 339

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Book Description
How the ubiquitous human tendency to polarize--either or, nature nurture, body mind, yin yang--can be explained in terms of coordination dynamics, a new conception of brain function, and how such polar opposites can be reconciled.

Author: Nancey Murphy
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3642032052
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 286

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Book Description
How is free will possible in the light of the physical and chemical underpinnings of brain activity and recent neurobiological experiments? How can the emergence of complexity in hierarchical systems such as the brain, based at the lower levels in physical interactions, lead to something like genuine free will? The nature of our understanding of free will in the light of present-day neuroscience is becoming increasingly important because of remarkable discoveries on the topic being made by neuroscientists at the present time, on the one hand, and its crucial importance for the way we view ourselves as human beings, on the other. A key tool in understanding how free will may arise in this context is the idea of downward causation in complex systems, happening coterminously with bottom up causation, to form an integral whole. Top-down causation is usually neglected, and is therefore emphasized in the other part of the book’s title. The concept is explored in depth, as are the ethical and legal implications of our understanding of free will. This book arises out of a workshop held in California in April of 2007, which was chaired by Dr. Christof Koch. It was unusual in terms of the breadth of people involved: they included physicists, neuroscientists, psychiatrists, philosophers, and theologians. This enabled the meeting, and hence the resulting book, to attain a rather broader perspective on the issue than is often attained at academic symposia. The book includes contributions by Sarah-Jayne Blakemore, George F. R. Ellis , Christopher D. Frith, Mark Hallett, David Hodgson, Owen D. Jones, Alicia Juarrero, J. A. Scott Kelso, Christof Koch, Hans Küng, Hakwan C. Lau, Dean Mobbs, Nancey Murphy, William Newsome, Timothy O’Connor, Sean A.. Spence, and Evan Thompson.

Author: Mikhail I. Rabinovich
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262549905
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 371

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Book Description
Experimental and theoretical approaches to global brain dynamics that draw on the latest research in the field. The consideration of time or dynamics is fundamental for all aspects of mental activity—perception, cognition, and emotion—because the main feature of brain activity is the continuous change of the underlying brain states even in a constant environment. The application of nonlinear dynamics to the study of brain activity began to flourish in the 1990s when combined with empirical observations from modern morphological and physiological observations. This book offers perspectives on brain dynamics that draw on the latest advances in research in the field. It includes contributions from both theoreticians and experimentalists, offering an eclectic treatment of fundamental issues. Topics addressed range from experimental and computational approaches to transient brain dynamics to the free-energy principle as a global brain theory. The book concludes with a short but rigorous guide to modern nonlinear dynamics and their application to neural dynamics.

Author: Keith Davids
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136482156
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 366

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Book Description
Complex systems in nature are those with many interacting parts, all capable of influencing global system outcomes. There is a growing body of research that has modeled sport performance from a complexity sciences perspective, studying the behavior of individual athletes and sports teams as emergent phenomena which self-organise under interacting constraints. This book is the first to bring together experts studying complex systems in the context of sport from across the world to collate core theoretical ideas, current methodologies and existing data into one comprehensive resource. It offers new methods of analysis for investigating representative complex sport movements and actions at an individual and team level, exploring the application of methodologies from the complexity sciences in the context of sports performance and the organization of sport practice. Complex Systems in Sport is important reading for any advanced student or researcher working in sport and exercise science, sports coaching, kinesiology or human movement.