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Author: Dharam P. Agarwal Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642749046 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 192
Book Description
Alcohol abuse, alcohol intolerance, alcohol dependence and other alcohol-related disabilities are some of the most challenging public health problems facing our modern-day society. The purpose of this comprehensive monograph is to review the available knowledge concerning the pharmacogenetic basis of alcohol sensitivity and its physiolgical implications and to synthesize the bulk of existing knowledge regarding metabolic features and biomedical disturbances related to alcoholism. The chapters cover a broad array of disciplines including an overview of historical and epidemiological aspects, biochemistry and molecular genetics of enzymes involved in alcohol metabolism, biochemical and neuropsychopharmacological effects of alcohol. Major emphasis is placed on the role of genetic factors in alcoholism. The experimental details are summarized and a comprehensive bibliography is included.
Author: Dharam P. Agarwal Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642749046 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 192
Book Description
Alcohol abuse, alcohol intolerance, alcohol dependence and other alcohol-related disabilities are some of the most challenging public health problems facing our modern-day society. The purpose of this comprehensive monograph is to review the available knowledge concerning the pharmacogenetic basis of alcohol sensitivity and its physiolgical implications and to synthesize the bulk of existing knowledge regarding metabolic features and biomedical disturbances related to alcoholism. The chapters cover a broad array of disciplines including an overview of historical and epidemiological aspects, biochemistry and molecular genetics of enzymes involved in alcohol metabolism, biochemical and neuropsychopharmacological effects of alcohol. Major emphasis is placed on the role of genetic factors in alcoholism. The experimental details are summarized and a comprehensive bibliography is included.
Author: Charles S. Lieber Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9401161534 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 309
Book Description
In the first annual report on Alcohol and. Health to Congress (December, 1971), the then HEW Secretary Elliot L. Richardson called alcohol 'the most abused drug in the United States'. The report revealed that nine million Americans are alcohol abusers and that alcoholic individuals represent almost 10 % of the nation's work force. With spreading alcoholism, the incidence of physical damage due to alcohol has greatly increased. A question which is often raised is 'in which way does an alcoholic differ from a non-alcoholic?' Inquiries have focused on psychological make-up, behavioural differences and socioeconomic factors. More recently, however, physical differences have been delineated. Prior to the development of various disease entities, chronic ethanol exposure results in profound biochemical and morphological changes. Consequently an alcoholic does not respond normally to alcohol, or other drugs or even other toxic agents. Some of these persistent biochemical and morphological changes are the consequences of the injurious effects of ethanol, whereas others may represent the possible adaptive responses to the profound changes in intermediary metabolism which are a direct and im mediate consequence of the oxidation of ethanol itself. Differentiation between the effects of ethanol directly linked to its oxidation, and the adaptive and injurious effects of ethanol are not simple, and overlap is common. In general, however, metabolic effects are associated with the presence of relatively low ethanol concentrations, whereas injurious effects occur with high ethanol concentrations and/or after prolonged intake. High ethanol con centrations also produce so-called pharmacological effects.
Author: Pietro Avogaro Publisher: ISBN: Category : Alcohol Languages : en Pages : 446
Book Description
Abstract: A comprehensive view of the use and abuse of alcohol, from social, genetic, and metabolic standpoints, ispresented. The 6 major areas covered are: effects on society and health; interaction with the endocrine system; interaction with drugs; effects on lipids and lipoproteins; liver function and pathology; and effects on the renal and cardiovascular systems. Specific topics include analyses of alcohol and its biochemical pathways in the body. Data from animal experiments and human observations reflect the effects of ethanol on regulation of triacylglycerol synthesis, growth hormone, and prolactin secretion. The changing perceptions toward alcohol are illustrated by emerging information on possible nutritional options, such as lipoprotein alterations which result in increased HDL levels and VLDL turnover, and seem to be associated with some protection against the risk of coronary heart disease. While small amounts of alcohol seem beneficial in gastrointestinal and pancreatic functions, excessive ingestion presents dangerous implications for pregnancy, thegonadal system, central nervous system, liver functions, etc.
Author: Gustav A. Martini Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642651313 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 349
Book Description
In nearly all parts of the world, the consumption of alcohol is increasing, and the morbidity and mortality of diseases induced by alcohol are rising correspondingly. It has been stated that alcohol is consumed because it pro duces intoxication. This effect is due to its toxicological influence on the central nervous system with the resulting functional disturbances. For many years, the concept that alcoholic liver disease was of nutritional origin and only indirectly related to alcohol consumption and metabolism was accepted. Opinion has changed gradually in recent years and tends now to regard alcohol itself through its combustion, as responsible for many metabolic disorders. Interest in this problem has increased during the past decade, and numerous papers bearing on this subject have appeared. It seems that the oxidation of alcohol in the liver interferes in many ways with the intermediary metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates and proteins, including enzymes and hormones, and exerts damaging influence on the liver, the musculature, the heart, the brain and the kidneys. The "Workshop Symposium" brought together a limited number of the scientists involved in the new development, biochemists, physiologists, pharmacologists, pathologists and clinicians from eight European countries and from the United States and allowed a very lively and informal exchange. The symposium was honored by the presence of Sir Hans Krebs, whose vast experience stimulated the discussion. It is a great pleasure to dedicate this volume to Sir Hans on the occasion of his 70th birthday on August 25th.
Author: Henri Begleiter Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA ISBN: 9780195100945 Category : Alcohol Languages : en Pages : 544
Book Description
This is a comprehensive review of the pharmacological effects of alcohol and the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of alcoholism. The book draws on general pharmacology, neuropharmacology, and alcohol studies to explore its theme. The second volume in the ALCOHOL AND ALCOHOLISM series, it focuses on the pharmacologic mechanisms underlying the development of alcoholism. The first section on basic pharmacology is concerned with those aspects that are common to all of alcohol's effects. These include pharmacokinetics, general metabolism, and cross-tolerance. The second section on neuropharmacology describes the effects of alcohol on various brain functions, including circulation and metabolism. The third section provides an in-depth review of the neurobiology of physical dependence, withdrawal, and physiological tolerance. The book as a whole gives a comprehensive and authoritative picture of the complex pharmacologic actions of alcohol, particularly on the nervous system. For clinicians and researchers in the field of alcohol and alcoholism, it will serve as a fundamental reference.
Author: Benjamin Kissin Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461565251 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 648
Book Description
Covers neurophysioligcal and psychological effects of alcohol on man. Includes extensive bibliographies covering the literature from 1920 through 1970.
Author: Kathryn E. Crow Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 240
Book Description
This three-volume text provides a comprehensive review and reference source for those with a teaching, research, or practical involvement in alcohol metabolism in humans. Written by 70 contributing authors from 12 countries, this publication covers a wide range of material, from medicolegal aspects of alcohol metabolism to the structure of enzymes involved in metabolizing alcohol. Although primarily concerned with human alcohol metabolism, information from animal experiments is included where it clarifies results of human studies, or where information for human subjects is not available.
Author: Dharam P. Agarwal
Author: Dharam P. Agarwal
Author: Charles S. Lieber
Author: Pietro Avogaro
Author: Gustav A. Martini
Author: Vincent Marks
Author: Henri Begleiter
Author: Benjamin Kissin
Author: Kathryn E. Crow
Author: Scottington Quincey Siler
Author: Vincent Marks