Metabolic and Enzymological Studies of Biosynthesis of Carnitine PDF Download

Author: Sze-Fong Ng
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 332

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Author: Rene Frenkel
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323153402
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 377

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Book Description
Carnitine Biosynthesis, Metabolism, and Functions contains the proceedings of the Virginia Lazenby O'Hara Biochemistry Symposium held in Dallas, Texas, from March 31 to April 1, 1979. The papers explore all aspects of carnitine metabolism, including its biosynthesis, regulation, transport, and functions. Comprised of 24 chapters divided into four sections, this book opens with a brief review of the situation which led to the discovery of carnitine as a vitamin and its role in acetylation. The discussion then turns to the chemistry and biosynthesis of carnitine in Neurospora crassa, rat kidney, and humans. The purification of enzymes involved in the conversion of trimethyllysine to trimethylaminobutyrate is also considered. The following chapters examine carnitine transport across the plasma membrane; formation and utilization of isobutyrylcarnitine; regulation of blood carnitine and carnitine acyltransferases in the perinatal period; and inhibitors of carnitine transport and metabolism. The final section is devoted to medical and clinical aspects of carnitine, touching on topics such as the possible causes and effects of carnitine deficiency in humans; carnitine deficiency in cirrhosis; protective effects of L-carnitine on ischemic heart; and changes in carnitine-linked metabolism during ischemia, thermal injury, and shock. This monograph will be a useful resource for biochemists and those interested in the physiological roles of carnitine.

Author: Benjamin T. Wall
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1466554274
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 184

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Carnitine Metabolism and Human Nutrition offers a contemporary and in-depth look at the biological effects of carnitine metabolism and its application to clinical and sports nutrition, based on decades of robust scientific enquiry. It gathers and distills key results of the last 20 years of carnitine research to provide an invaluable reference tool

Author: Peggy R. Borum
Publisher: Pergamon
ISBN:
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 296

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Abstract: The proceedings of a 1985 international symposium for food scientists, clinicians, and nutritionists reviews the current status of research in the carnitine field and the current status of medical care of patients who may benefit from treatment with exogenous carnitine. The text includes 15 detailed reviews grouped among 5 major areas, with numerous abstracts of poster presentations appended to each of these 5 areas. The 5 areas include: carnitine metabolism and function in normal subjects; assay methods for carnitine, carnitine-biosynthetic enzymes, and enzymes that utilize carnitine as a substrate; human carnitine deficiency; deficiencies of enzymes that use carnitine as a substrate; and situations in which carnitine deficiency is secondary to chronic disease states. The use of carnitine supplementation also is discussed. Five workshop summaries concerning the analysis, deficiency diagnosis, and supplementation of carnitine are appended.

Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030905088X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 560

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The physiological or psychological stresses that employees bring to their workplace affect not only their own performance but that of their co-workers and others. These stresses are often compounded by those of the job itself. Medical personnel, firefighters, police, and military personnel in combat settingsâ€"among othersâ€"experience highly unpredictable timing and types of stressors. This book reviews and comments on the performance-enhancing potential of specific food components. It reflects the views of military and non-military scientists from such fields as neuroscience, nutrition, physiology, various medical specialties, and performance psychology on the most up-to-date research available on physical and mental performance enhancement in stressful conditions. Although placed within the context of military tasks, the volume will have wide-reaching implications for individuals in any job setting.

Author: Anthony Martonosi
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 146132355X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 467

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In the first edition of The Enzymes of Biological Membranes, published in four volumes in 1976, we collected the mass of widely scattered information on membrane-linked enzymes and metabolic processes up to about 1975. This was a period of transition from the romantic phase of membrane biochemistry, preoccupied with conceptual developments and the general properties of membranes, to an era of mounting interest in the specific properties of membrane-linked enzymes analyzed from the viewpoints of modem enzymology. The level of sophistication in various areas of membrane research varied widely; the structures of cytochrome c and cytochrome b were known s to atomic detail, while the majority of membrane-linked enzymes had not even been isolated. In the intervening eight years our knowledge of membrane-linked enzymes ex panded beyond the wildest expectations. The purpose of the second edition of The Enzymes of Biological Membranes is to record these developments. The first volume describes the physical and chemical techniques used in the analysis of the structure and dynamics of biological membranes. In the second volume the enzymes and met abolic systems that participate in the biosynthesis of cell and membrane components are discussed. The third and fourth volumes review recent developments in active transport, oxidative phosphorylation and photosynthesis.

Author: Anthony N. Martonosi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biological transport
Languages : en
Pages : 480

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Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 9780443155727
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Nutritional Epigenomics, Second Edition, Volume Fourteen in the Translational Epigenetics series, offers a comprehensive overview of nutritional epigenomics as a mode of study, along with nutrition's role in the epigenomic regulation of disease, health, and developmental processes. Here, an expert team of international contributors introduces readers to nutritional epigenomic regulators of gene expression, our diet's role in epigenomic regulation of disease and disease inheritance, caloric restriction and exercise as they relate to recent epigenomic findings, and the influence of nutritional epigenomics over circadian rhythms, aging and longevity, and fetal health and development, among other processes. Disease specific chapters address metabolic disease (obesity and diabetes), cancer, and neurodegeneration, among other disorders. Diet-gut microbiome interactions in the epigenomic regulation of disease are also discussed, as is the role of micronutrients and milk miRNAs in epigenetic regulation. Finally, chapter authors examine ongoing discussions of race and ethnicity in the social-epigenomic regulation of health and disease. This new edition has been fully updated to reflect current research in the field.

Author: Erick J. Vandamme
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527337342
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 580

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Book Description
Vitamins are a group of physiologically very important, chemically quite complex organic compounds, that are essential for humans and animals. Some vitamins and other growth factors behave as antioxidants, while some can be considered as biopigments. As their chemical synthesis is laborious, their biotechnology-based synthesis and production via microbial fermentation has gained substantial interest within the last decades. Recent progress in microbial genetics and in metabolic engineering and implementation of innovative bioprocess technology has led to a biotechnology-based industrial production of many vitamins and related compounds. Divided into three sections, this volume covers: 1. water-soluble vitamins 2. fat-soluble vitamin compounds and 3. other growth factors, biopigments, and antioxidants. They are all reviewed systematically: from natural occurrence and assays, via biosynthesis, strain development, to industrially-employed biotechnological syntheses and applications.

Author: Silvana Hrelia
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3039362682
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 168

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Book Description
This book contributes to increasing the knowledge on the mechanisms of action of natural antioxidants, evidencing their pleiotropic role in the prevention and/or counteraction of degenerative diseases, and promoting their application in the functional food and cosmetic fields.