Mesenchymal stem cells in Transplantation and Tissue Regeneration PDF Download

Author: Martin J. Hoogduijn
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
ISBN: 2889191591
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 126

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Book Description
Normal 0 false false false EN-GB X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;} Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have induced expansive interest from both scientific and clinical points of view over the last decennium. This interest stems from the capacity of these cells to differentiate into multiple lineages and from their secretion of growth factors that can activate progenitor cells, which make MSC potentially applicable for tissue regenerative purposes. When exposed to inflammatory conditions, MSC furthermore exhibit immunosuppressive properties. The reduction of chronic or acute inflammatory responses by MSC may halt the development of injury and allow regenerative processes to take place. This prospective has initiated attempts to use MSC as an immunosuppressive and regenerative agent in transplantation and regeneration of tissues like kidney, liver, heart, bone and multiple others. Nevertheless, the conditions under which MSC therapy is effective and via what mechanisms MSC operate are, in particular in in vivo settings, not clear. The route of administration and the reigning immunological conditions are likely to be key for the efficacy of MSC. Studies have demonstrated for instance that MSC may be immunostimulatory under immunological quiescent conditions. Whereas some reports indicate that homing of MSC to inflamed tissues and their secretion of growth and anti-inflammatory factors are responsible for their effect, others show that MSC rapidly disappear after administration and may not have time to actively contribute to immunosuppression and tissue repair. Many aspects of MSC have to be clarified in order to develop efficient therapies. In this special topic, different views on the mechanisms of immunomodulation and regeneration by MSC and on the possible applications of MSC in transplantation and tissue regeneration will be put together.

Author: Nikolai V. Gorbunov
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128227567
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 208

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Book Description
Tissue Barriers in Disease, Injury and Regeneration focuses on the molecular and cellular fundamentals of homeostatic and defense responses of tissue barriers, covering the damaging impacts and exposure to pathogens and engineered nanomaterials. Sections emphasize the role of mesenchymal stoma, vascular, epithelial, telocyte, myofibroblast, lymphoid and reticuloendothelial cells, along with reactions that bridge the effects of ambient factors, medical treatments, drag delivery systems with alterations in barrier integrity, tissue/organ functions, and metabolic status. Other sections cover the role of progenitor cells of different origins in the remodeling and regeneration of tissue stroma, vasculature of blood-tissue barriers, and more. - Includes special emphasis on the role of mesenchymal stoma, vascular, epithelial, telocyte, myofibroblast, lymphoid and reticuloendothelial cells in the development of reactions that bridge the effects of ambient factors, medical treatments, drag delivery systems with alterations in barrier integrity, tissue/organ functions, and in metabolic status - Examines the role of progenitor cells of different origins in the remodeling and regeneration of tissue stroma, the vasculature of blood-tissue barriers, and mucosa and external epithelium

Author: Ngan Huang
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9813147768
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 567

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Book Description
Tissue engineering integrates knowledge and tools from biological sciences and engineering for tissue regeneration. A challenge for tissue engineering is to identify appropriate cell sources. The recent advancement of stem cell biology provides enormous opportunities to engineer stem cells for tissue engineering. The impact of stem cell technology on tissue engineering will be revolutionary.This book covers state-of-the-art knowledge on the potential of stem cells for the regeneration of a wide range of tissues and organs, including cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, neurological and skin tissues. The technology platforms for studying and engineering stem cells, such as hydrogel and biomaterials development, microfluidics system and microscale patterning, are also illustrated. Regulatory challenges and quality control for clinical translation are also detailed. This book provides an comprehensive update on the advancement in the field of stem cells and regenerative medicine, and serves as a valuable resource for both researchers and students.

Author: Lucas G. Chase
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1627032002
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 458

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Book Description
Over the past decade, significant efforts have been made to develop stem cell-based therapies for difficult to treat diseases. Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells, also referred to as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), appear to hold great promise in regards to a regenerative cell-based therapy for the treatment of these diseases. Currently, more than 200 clinical trials are underway worldwide exploring the use of MSCs for the treatment of a wide range of disorders including bone, cartilage and tendon damage, myocardial infarction, graft-versus-host disease, Crohn’s disease, diabetes, multiple sclerosis, critical limb ischemia and many others. MSCs were first identified by Friendenstein and colleagues as an adherent stromal cell population within the bone marrow with the ability to form clonogenic colonies in vitro. In regards to the basic biology associated with MSCs, there has been tremendous progress towards understanding this cell population’s phenotype and function from a range of tissue sources. Despite enormous progress and an overall increased understanding of MSCs at the molecular and cellular level, several critical questions remain to be answered in regards to the use of these cells in therapeutic applications. Clinically, both autologous and allogenic approaches for the transplantation of MSCs are being explored. Several of the processing steps needed for the clinical application of MSCs, including isolation from various tissues, scalable in vitro expansion, cell banking, dose preparation, quality control parameters, delivery methods and numerous others are being extensively studied. Despite a significant number of ongoing clinical trials, none of the current therapeutic approaches have, at this point, become a standard of care treatment. Although exceptionally promising, the clinical translation of MSC-based therapies is still a work in progress. The extensive number of ongoing clinical trials is expected to provide a clearer path forward for the realization and implementation of MSCs in regenerative medicine. Towards this end, reviews of current clinical trial results and discussions of relevant topics association with the clinical application of MSCs are compiled in this book from some of the leading researchers in this exciting and rapidly advancing field. Although not absolutely all-inclusive, we hope the chapters within this book can promote and enable a better understanding of the translation of MSCs from bench-to-bedside and inspire researchers to further explore this promising and quickly evolving field.

Author: Peter Giannoudis
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0124081312
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 73

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Book Description
Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Skeletal Regeneration covers our current understanding of the role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and other mesenchymal progenitors in skeletal regeneration, encompassing bone, cartilage and whole joint regeneration. The expansion reflects developments in the field to include data on the use of MSCs in drug development, growth factors, scaffolds and biomechanical manipulations for skeletal trauma and diseases, including osteoporosis and arthritis. Written for an audience of clinicians and young researchers who are exposed to MSCs in their work, this work summarizes recent findings pertaining to the definition and characterization of MSCs in skeletal tissues and discusses the mechanisms of their actions in regeneration of bone in vivo. The authors describe recent findings pertaining to the efficacy of MSC therapies in animal models and in human clinical trials and bring together literature showing that the ways MSCs are extracted, expanded and implanted can considerably affect bone formation outcomes. Finally, it presents the latest knowledge on the nature of native MSCs in skeletal tissues, which provide a platform for novel in situ tissue regeneration approaches for systemic bone disease such as osteoporosis. - Focuses specifically on the use of stem cells in skeletal tissue generation for a broad audience of stem cell, cancer, and bone biologists, orthopedists, oncologists, and regenerative medicine specialists - Provides a short historical 'detour' and foundational information on founding concepts, discoveries and personalities in MSC research - Assists a new generation of scientists and clinicians in digesting the multitude of journal articles on the topic by providing easily-absorbed and condensed foundational context

Author: Sang Jin Lee
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 012802500X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 460

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Book Description
In Situ Tissue Regeneration: Host Cell Recruitment and Biomaterial Design explores the body's ability to mobilize endogenous stem cells to the site of injury and details the latest strategies developed for inducing and supporting the body's own regenerating capacity. From the perspective of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering, this book describes the mechanism of host cell recruitment, cell sourcing, cellular and molecular roles in cell differentiation, navigational cues and niche signals, and a tissue-specific smart biomaterial system that can be applied to a wide range of therapies. The work is divided into four sections to provide a thorough overview and helpful hints for future discoveries: endogenous cell sources; biochemical and physical cues; smart biomaterial development; and applications. - Explores the body's ability to mobilize endogenous stem cells to the site of injury - Details the latest strategies developed for inducing and supporting the body's own regenerating capacity - Presents smart biomaterials in cell-based tissue engineering applications—from the cell level to applications—in the first unified volume - Features chapter authors and editors who are authorities in this emerging field - Prioritizes a discussion of the future direction of smart biomaterials for in situ tissue regeneration, which will affect an emerging and lucrative industry

Author: Robert Chunhua Zhao
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400767161
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 313

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Book Description
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a type of adult stem cells, have attracted the attention of scientists and physicians alike due to their unique biological properties and potential for disease treatment. As stem cell research is complex and progressing rapidly, it is important that the experts in this field share their views and perspectives. This book, co-edited by leading global researchers, is divided into three major sections and covers a broad range of topics concerning MSCs during their transition from benchside to bedside. The book is intended for researchers and clinicians in the field of stem cells. Dr. Robert Chunhua Zhao, MD. Ph.D is Cheung Kong Professor of Stem Cell Biology, Professor of Cell Biology at the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, China Director of Center for Tissue Engineering, PUMC Chief scientist of 973 program Regional Editor of Stem Cells and Development.

Author: Herman S. Cheung
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers
ISBN: 1608050084
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 173

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Book Description
"The potential use of stem cells in transplantation for the purpose of tissue regeneration is an exciting area of research currently undergoing rapid development. Implantation of human embryonic or autologous, ex vivo-expanded adult stem cells, particularl"

Author: Raphael Gorodetsky
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 1849730016
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 405

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Book Description
This unique book by leading experts reviews the key therapeutic issues related to stem cell technology.

Author: Carlos López-Larrea
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461420989
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 365

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Book Description
Organ transplantation has been the most important therapeutic advance in the last third of the 20th century. Its development has revolutionized medicine, as demonstrated by the fact that a large number of researchers in this field have been awarded Nobel Prizes. In the beginning of this century, we are witnessing with great expectations the emergence of a new field of medicine related to the arrival of a new player on the scene: “stem cells” and their potential use in regenerative medicine. This volume aims to cover important aspects of the various facets of organ transplantation and regenerative medicine, with leading specialists in these fields setting out their vision. We try to rigorously explain current and novel scientific research in these fields—areas which arouse great interest from society in general, due to their potential use in modern medicine for the treatment of a great number of diseases.