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Author: Mark Pierre Dries Publisher: ISBN: 9780438290884 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
This dissertation examines the social history of the mercury mining center of Huancavelica, Peru between 1560 and 1600. As the only American source of the mercury required to efficiently refine silver in the great Andean silver mines of Potosí, Huancavelica occupied an important economic place in the colonial project. As the destination of thousands of indigenous Andeans conscripted for labor in the toxic conditions, Huancavelica became an important symbol of the abuses of the Spanish Empire for colonial critics and modern historians alike. Nevertheless, scholars know very little about the lived experience of colonial subjects, both Andean and Spanish, in and around the mines. Drawing on archives in Huancavelica, as well as those in Lima and Seville, I argue that local interests, particularly the local Andean population, played a vital role in shaping and circumscribing the exercise of colonial power in the mines. Local Andeans played a central role, forming partnerships with early European miners and becoming miners themselves. For incoming Spaniards, forming connections to the local indigenous communities proved essential to securing labor and goods. With the Toledan reforms in the 1570s, which reinforced the social boundaries between Spanish and indigenous, these relationships took new forms. Andean elites, gradually pushed out of mining, adapted tactics from Spanish legal culture to claim patronage from the Crown for their previous service. Spanish actors, on the other hand, became adept at manipulating colonial authorities, often using them to challenge local rivals, but limiting their ability to effectivly control the mining center. Keywords: Mercury, Spanish Empire, Viceroyalty of Peru, Mining, Huancavelica, Mita
Author: Mark Pierre Dries Publisher: ISBN: 9780438290884 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
This dissertation examines the social history of the mercury mining center of Huancavelica, Peru between 1560 and 1600. As the only American source of the mercury required to efficiently refine silver in the great Andean silver mines of Potosí, Huancavelica occupied an important economic place in the colonial project. As the destination of thousands of indigenous Andeans conscripted for labor in the toxic conditions, Huancavelica became an important symbol of the abuses of the Spanish Empire for colonial critics and modern historians alike. Nevertheless, scholars know very little about the lived experience of colonial subjects, both Andean and Spanish, in and around the mines. Drawing on archives in Huancavelica, as well as those in Lima and Seville, I argue that local interests, particularly the local Andean population, played a vital role in shaping and circumscribing the exercise of colonial power in the mines. Local Andeans played a central role, forming partnerships with early European miners and becoming miners themselves. For incoming Spaniards, forming connections to the local indigenous communities proved essential to securing labor and goods. With the Toledan reforms in the 1570s, which reinforced the social boundaries between Spanish and indigenous, these relationships took new forms. Andean elites, gradually pushed out of mining, adapted tactics from Spanish legal culture to claim patronage from the Crown for their previous service. Spanish actors, on the other hand, became adept at manipulating colonial authorities, often using them to challenge local rivals, but limiting their ability to effectivly control the mining center. Keywords: Mercury, Spanish Empire, Viceroyalty of Peru, Mining, Huancavelica, Mita
Author: Norrie Macqueen Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1317864808 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 223
Book Description
Europe’s rapacious hunger for other people’s lands is one of the key shaping forces of our contemporary world. Everything is touched by our colonial past, from the way we see the world to the food we eat. Our contemporary preoccupations and ills – from globalization to humanitarian intervention to international terrorism – have colonialism somewhere in their genetic make-up. The character and policies of contemporary international organizations – from the United Nations to the European Union - have also been deeply affected by the colonial inheritance of their members, whether as perpetrators or “victims”. Weaving together the complex strands of history and politics into one compact narrative, this book addresses the key theories of colonialism, examining them against contemporary realities. It goes on to looks at how the different policies of colonisers have had profoundly contradictory effects on the way different empires ended in the 20th century. These endings in turn affected the entire nature of modern day international relations. It also exposes the moral ambiguities of colonialism and the hypocrisies, which underlay colonial policies in the 19th and 20th centuries.
Author: T. O. Beidelman Publisher: Indiana University Press ISBN: 0253002206 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 413
Book Description
What did it mean to be an African subject living in remote areas of Tanganyika at the end of the colonial era? For the Kaguru of Tanganyika, it meant daily confrontation with the black and white governmental officials tasked with bringing this rural people into the mainstream of colonial African life. T. O. Beidelman's detailed narrative links this administrative world to the Kaguru's wider social, cultural, and geographical milieu, and to the political history, ideas of indirect rule, and the white institutions that loomed just beyond their world. Beidelman unveils the colonial system's problems as it extended its authority into rural areas and shows how these problems persisted even after African independence.
Author: Michael Goldman Publisher: Cornell University Press ISBN: 1501771825 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 396
Book Description
From the shaping of new homelands in the Cherokee Nation to the export of sand from Cambodia to shore up urban expansion in Singapore, The Social Lives of Land reveals the dynamics of contemporary social and political change. The editors of this volume bring together contributions from across multiple disciplines and geographic locations. The contributions showcase novel theoretical and empirical insights, analyzing how people are living on, with, and from their land. From Mozambique to India, Indonesia, Ecuador, and the colonial United States, the scholars in this collection uncover histories and retell stories with a focus on the lived experiences of rural and urban land dispossession and repossession. Contributors: Kati Álvarez, Clint Carroll, Flora Lu, Richard Mbunda, Gregg Mitman, Paul Nadasdy, Robert Nichols, Andrew Ofstehage, Laura Schoenberger, Kirsteen Shields, Emmanuel Sulle, Erik Swyngedouw, Gabriela Valdivia, Katherine Verdery, Callum Ward, Ciara Wirth, Emmanuel King Urey Yarkpawolo
Author: Gerald Horne Publisher: NYU Press ISBN: 1583676651 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 256
Book Description
Chronicles how American culture - deeply rooted in white supremacy, slavery and capitalism - finds its origin story in the 17th century European colonization of Africa and North America, exposing the structural origins of American "looting" Virtually no part of the modern United States—the economy, education, constitutional law, religious institutions, sports, literature, economics, even protest movements—can be understood without first understanding the slavery and dispossession that laid its foundation. To that end, historian Gerald Horne digs deeply into Europe’s colonization of Africa and the New World, when, from Columbus’s arrival until the Civil War, some 13 million Africans and some 5 million Native Americans were forced to build and cultivate a society extolling “liberty and justice for all.” The seventeenth century was, according to Horne, an era when the roots of slavery, white supremacy, and capitalism became inextricably tangled into a complex history involving war and revolts in Europe, England’s conquest of the Scots and Irish, the development of formidable new weaponry able to ensure Europe’s colonial dominance, the rebel merchants of North America who created “these United States,” and the hordes of Europeans whose newfound opportunities in this “free” land amounted to “combat pay” for their efforts as “white” settlers. Centering his book on the Eastern Seaboard of North America, the Caribbean, Africa, and what is now Great Britain, Horne provides a deeply researched, harrowing account of the apocalyptic loss and misery that likely has no parallel in human history. The Apocalypse of Settler Colonialism is an essential book that will not allow history to be told by the victors. It is especially needed now, in the age of Trump. For it has never been more vital, Horne writes, “to shed light on the contemporary moment wherein it appears that these malevolent forces have received a new lease on life.”
Author: George Steinmetz Publisher: University of Chicago Press ISBN: 0226772446 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 685
Book Description
Germany’s overseas colonial empire was relatively short lived, lasting from 1884 to 1918. During this period, dramatically different policies were enacted in the colonies: in Southwest Africa, German troops carried out a brutal slaughter of the Herero people; in Samoa, authorities pursued a paternalistic defense of native culture; in Qingdao, China, policy veered between harsh racism and cultural exchange. Why did the same colonizing power act in such differing ways? In The Devil’s Handwriting, George Steinmetz tackles this question through a brilliant cross-cultural analysis of German colonialism, leading to a new conceptualization of the colonial state and postcolonial theory. Steinmetz uncovers the roots of colonial behavior in precolonial European ethnographies, where the Hereros were portrayed as cruel and inhuman, the Samoans were idealized as “noble savages,” and depictions of Chinese culture were mixed. The effects of status competition among colonial officials, colonizers’ identification with their subjects, and the different strategies of cooperation and resistance offered by the colonized are also scrutinized in this deeply nuanced and ambitious comparative history.
Author: Patricia Leigh Beaman Publisher: Taylor & Francis ISBN: 1000956121 Category : Performing Arts Languages : en Pages : 640
Book Description
From healing, fertility, and religious rituals, through theatrical entertainment, to death ceremonies and ancestor worship, the updated and revised second edition of World Dance Cultures introduces an extraordinary variety of dance forms and their cultures, which are practiced around the world. This highly illustrated textbook draws on wide-ranging historical documentation and first-hand accounts taking in India, Bali, Java, Cambodia, China, Japan, Hawai‘i, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Africa, Türkiye, Spain, Native America, South America, and the Caribbean, with this second edition adding new chapters on the Pacific Islands, Southern Africa, France, and Cuba. Each chapter covers a certain region’s distinctive dances, pinpoints key issues and trends from the form’s development to its modern iteration, and offers a wealth of study features including: • Spotlights zooming in on key details of a dance form’s cultural, historical, and religious contexts • Explorations—first-hand descriptions by famous dancers and ethnographers, excerpts from anthropological fieldwork, or historical writings on the form • Think About—provocations to encourage critical analysis of dance forms and the ways in which they’re understood • Discussion Questions—starting points for group work, classroom seminars, or individual study. Offering a comprehensive overview of each dance form covered with over 100 full color photos, World Dance Cultures is an essential introductory resource for students and instructors alike.
Author: Philip Steer Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1108484425 Category : Literary Criticism Languages : en Pages : 249
Book Description
A transnational study of how settler colonialism remade the Victorian novel and political economy by challenging ideas of British identity.
Author: Melvin E. Page Publisher: ABC-CLIO ISBN: Category : History Languages : en Pages : 436
Book Description
The most exhaustive reference work available on this critical subject in world history, focusing on the politics, economy, culture, and society of both colonizers and colonized. "The history of the last 500 years is the history of imperialism," writes editor Melvin Page. In the Americas, as a result of imperialist conquest, disease, famine, and war nearly wiped out a population estimated in the tens of millions. Africa was devastated by the slave trade, an integral part of imperialism from the 1400s to the 1800s. In Asia, even though native populations survived, native political institutions were destroyed. Imperialism also forged the two most important ideologies of the last five centuries--racialism and modern nationalism. In more than 600 essays presented in this three-volume encyclopedia, Page and other leading scholars--historians, political scientists, economists, and sociologists--analyze the origins of imperialism, the many forms it took, and its impact worldwide. They also explore imperialism's bitter legacy: the gross inequities of global wealth and power that divide the former conquerors--primarily Europe, the United States, and Japan--from the people they conquered. 600 entries covering ideologies, religions, theory, geography, imperial nations, colonies, colonized regions, ethnic groups, individuals, and treaties Contributions from an international team of academic experts in history, political science, economics, sociology, and other social sciences A collection of documents representing each imperial power as well as primary sources relating to multiple empires and areas of the world to provide a deeper understanding of the processes of colonialism, which encompassed virtually the entire globe Extensive chronologies of various imperial empires (Austro-Hungarian, Belgian, British, Danish, Dutch, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Ottoman, Portuguese, Spanish, Swedish, Russian, and United States) provide context for the diverse entries
Author: Mark Pierre Dries
Author: Mark Pierre Dries
Author: Norrie Macqueen
Author: Adriaan C. van Oss
Author: T. O. Beidelman
Author: Michael Goldman
Author: Gerald Horne
Author: George Steinmetz
Author: Patricia Leigh Beaman
Author: Philip Steer
Author: Melvin E. Page