Mechanisms of Degradation of Portland Cement-Based Systems by Sulfate Attack PDF Download

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Category :
Languages : en
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Author: K.L. Scrivener
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780419215707
Category : Architecture
Languages : en
Pages : 474

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Deterioration of cement-based materials is a continuing problem, as it results in the substantial shortening of the lives of conventional concrete structures. The main costs result from poor performance and the need for early repair. With more advanced applications, where very long service lives are essential, such as the storage of nuclear waste, an understanding of the degradation processes in order to predict long term performance is very important. this book forms the proceedings of the latest Symposia at the Materials Research Society Autumn meeting in Boston.

Author: K.L. Scrivener
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1482294958
Category : Architecture
Languages : en
Pages : 470

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Deterioration of cement-based materials is a continuing problem, as it results in the substantial shortening of the lives of conventional concrete structures. The main costs result from poor performance and the need for early repair. With more advanced applications, where very long service lives are essential, such as the storage of nuclear waste,

Author: J. Marchand
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0203301625
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 230

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Sulfate Attack on Concrete provides a comprehensive reference to this important subject. It covers: a short history of concrete deterioration due to sulfate attack, the origin of sulfates in concrete, the importance of appropriate concrete processing, forms and physical-chemical mechanisms of concrete deterioration due to sulfates, preventative mea

Author: Nikhila Naik
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Portland cement
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: Mark Alexander
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400754132
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 471

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Concrete and cement-based materials must operate in increasingly aggressive aqueous environments, which may be either natural or industrial. These materials may suffer degradation in which ion addition and/or ion exchange reactions occur, leading to a breakdown of the matrix microstructure and consequent weakening. Sometimes this degradation can be extremely rapid and serious such as in acidic environments, while in other cases degradation occurs over long periods. Consequences of material failure are usually severe – adversely affecting the health and well-being of human communities and disturbing ecological balances. There are also large direct costs of maintaining and replacing deteriorated infrastructure and indirect costs from loss of production during maintenance work, which place a great burden on society. The focus of this book is on addressing issues concerning performance of cement-based materials in aggressive aqueous environments , by way of this State-of-the-Art Report. The book represents the work of many well-known and respected authors who contributed chapters or parts of chapters. Four main themes were addressed: I. Nature and kinetics of degradation and deterioration mechanisms of cement-based materials in aggressive aqueous environments, II. Modelling of deterioration in such environments, III. Test methods to assess performance of cement-based materials in such environments, and which can be used to characterise and rate relative performance and inform long term predictions, IV. Engineering implications and consequences of deterioration in aggressive aqueous environments, and engineering approaches to the problem.

Author: Federico Macias Aguayo Jr.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 428

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Sulfate attack of concrete is perhaps the least understood of the major durability mechanisms plaguing reinforced concrete infrastructures. Many studies have attempted to better understand the underlying mechanisms in which the various modes of deterioration by sulfate attack manifest; however, several controversies still exist. Moreover, ASTM C 1012 (2012), which is the most commonly referred standardized laboratory test method to determine sulfate resistance of blended portland cement mixtures, does not always link well to field performance and may take up to 18 months to complete. The research program presented in this dissertation investigates various issues pertaining to the mechanisms, testing methods, and factors influencing external sulfate attack. The primary focus of this research study was to investigate and propose a reliable, and innovative accelerated test method to evaluate the sulfate performance using concrete specimens. The research program was divided into the following four key components: (1) design a method that can obtain results within a reasonable timeframe (less than six months); (2) design a method that uses concrete specimens and thus links more closely to field performance; (3) develop a better understanding on the role and mechanisms of sulfate attack on concrete through a comprehensive research program including field and laboratory investigations; and (4) investigate the use of calcium sulfate (gypsum) used as an additive to mitigate the potential of sulfate attack in blended portland cement mixtures using high-calcium fly ash. The findings in this dissertation led to the development of a potential accelerated test method for determining sulfate resistance by vacuum impregnating concrete (or mortar) samples with sulfate solution to accelerate the ingress and onset of chemical reactions between the hydrated cement paste and sulfate ion (SO42-). The effects of binder type, water-to-cementitious ratio (w/cm), curing regime, sulfate type and concentration are examined. In comparison to the conventional ASTM C 1012 method, results showed a higher rate of expansion with significant distress observed in samples subjected to the accelerated test method and placed in a 5% Na2SO4 solution. Similar trends, but at a relatively lower expansion rate, were also observed in samples placed in a 0.89% Na2SO4 solution. Physical measurements, chemical analysis and microstructural studies were performed periodically on the specimens.

Author: Roger D. Spence
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 142003278X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 392

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The development of stabilization and solidification techniques in the field of waste treatment reflects the efforts to better protect human health and the environment with modern advances in materials and technology. Stabilization and Solidification of Hazardous, Radioactive, and Mixed Wastes provides comprehensive information including case studie

Author: John L. Provis
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400776721
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 396

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This is a State of the Art Report resulting from the work of RILEM Technical Committee 224-AAM in the period 2007-2013. The Report summarises research to date in the area of alkali-activated binders and concretes, with a particular focus on the following areas: binder design and characterisation, durability testing, commercialisation, standardisation, and providing a historical context for this rapidly-growing research field.

Author: Geert De Schutter
Publisher: RILEM Publications
ISBN: 2351580486
Category : Compacting
Languages : en
Pages : 205

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