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Author: R. Lee Lyman Publisher: U of Nebraska Press ISBN: 0803280521 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 359
Book Description
Combining historical research with a lucid explication of archaeological methodology and reasoning, Measuring Time with Artifacts examines the origins and changing use of fundamental chronometric techniques and procedures and analyzes the different ways American archaeologists have studied changes in artifacts, sites, and peoples over time. In highlighting the underpinning ontology and epistemology of artifact-based chronometers?cultural transmission and how to measure it archaeologically?this volume covers issues such as why archaeologists used the cultural evolutionism of L. H. Morgan, E. B. Tylor, L. A. White, and others instead of biological evolutionism; why artifact classification played a critical role in the adoption of stratigraphic excavation; how the direct historical approach accomplished three analytical tasks at once; why cultural traits were important analytical units; why paleontological and archaeological methods sometimes mirror one another; how artifact classification influences chronometric method; and how graphs illustrate change in artifacts over time. An understanding of the history of artifact-based chronometers enables us to understand how we know what we think we know about the past, ensures against modern misapplication of the methods, and sheds light on the reasoning behind archaeologists' actions during the first half of the twentieth century.
Author: R. Lee Lyman Publisher: U of Nebraska Press ISBN: 0803280521 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 359
Book Description
Combining historical research with a lucid explication of archaeological methodology and reasoning, Measuring Time with Artifacts examines the origins and changing use of fundamental chronometric techniques and procedures and analyzes the different ways American archaeologists have studied changes in artifacts, sites, and peoples over time. In highlighting the underpinning ontology and epistemology of artifact-based chronometers?cultural transmission and how to measure it archaeologically?this volume covers issues such as why archaeologists used the cultural evolutionism of L. H. Morgan, E. B. Tylor, L. A. White, and others instead of biological evolutionism; why artifact classification played a critical role in the adoption of stratigraphic excavation; how the direct historical approach accomplished three analytical tasks at once; why cultural traits were important analytical units; why paleontological and archaeological methods sometimes mirror one another; how artifact classification influences chronometric method; and how graphs illustrate change in artifacts over time. An understanding of the history of artifact-based chronometers enables us to understand how we know what we think we know about the past, ensures against modern misapplication of the methods, and sheds light on the reasoning behind archaeologists' actions during the first half of the twentieth century.
Author: Brett Laursen Publisher: Guilford Press ISBN: 1609189515 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 801
Book Description
Appropriate for use in developmental research methods or analysis of change courses, this is the first methods handbook specifically designed to meet the needs of those studying development. Leading developmental methodologists present cutting-edge analytic tools and describe how and when to use them, in accessible, nontechnical language. They also provide valuable guidance for strengthening developmental research with designs that anticipate potential sources of bias. Throughout the chapters, research examples demonstrate the procedures in action and give readers a better understanding of how to match research questions to developmental methods. The companion website (www.guilford.com/laursen-materials) supplies data and program syntax files for many of the chapter examples.
Author: Perez-Castillo, Ricardo Publisher: IGI Global ISBN: 1466646683 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 485
Book Description
Corporations accumulate a lot of valuable data and knowledge over time, but storing and maintaining this data can be a logistic and financial headache for business leaders and IT specialists. Uncovering Essential Software Artifacts through Business Process Archaeology introduces an emerging method of software modernization used to effectively manage legacy systems and company operations supported by such systems. This book presents methods, techniques, and new trends on business process archeology as well as some industrial success stories. Business experts, professionals, and researchers working in the field of information and knowledge management will use this reference source to efficiently and effectively implement and utilize business knowledge.
Author: Michael J. O'Brien Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 030647168X Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 262
Book Description
It is difficult for today's students of archaeology to imagine an era when chronometric dating methods were unavailable. However, even a casual perusal of the large body of literature that arose during the first half of the twentieth century reveals a battery of clever methods used to determine the relative ages of archaeological phenomena, often with considerable precision. Stratigraphic excavation is perhaps the best known of the various relative-dating methods used by prehistorians. Although there are several techniques of using artifacts from superposed strata to measure time, these are rarely if ever differentiated. Rather, common practice is to categorize them under the heading `stratigraphic excavation'. This text distinguishes among the several techniques and argues that stratigraphic excavation tends to result in discontinuous measures of time - a point little appreciated by modern archaeologists. Although not as well known as stratigraphic excavation, two other methods of relative dating have figured important in Americanist archaeology: seriation and the use of index fossils. The latter (like stratigraphic excavation) measures time discontinuously, while the former - in various guises - measures time continuously. Perhaps no other method used in archaeology is as misunderstood as seriation, and the authors provide detailed descriptions and examples of each of its three different techniques. Each method and technique of relative dating is placed in historical perspective, with particular focus on developments in North America, an approach that allows a more complete understanding of the methods described, both in terms of analytical technique and disciplinary history. This text will appeal to all archaeologists, from graduate students to seasoned professionals, who want to learn more about the backbone of archaeological dating.
Author: David R. Lide Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1351086294 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 622
Book Description
Established by Congress in 1901, the National Bureau of Standards (NBS), now the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), has a long and distinguished history as the custodian and disseminator of the United States' standards of physical measurement. Having reached its centennial anniversary, the NBS/NIST reflects on and celebrates its first century with this book describing some of its seminal contributions to science and technology. Within these pages are 102 vignettes that describe some of the Institute's classic publications. Each vignette relates the context in which the publication appeared, its impact on science, technology, and the general public, and brief details about the lives and work of the authors. The groundbreaking works depicted include: A breakthrough paper on laser-cooling of atoms below the Doppler limit, which led to the award of the 1997 Nobel Prize for Physics to William D. Phillips The official report on the development of the radio proximity fuse, one of the most important new weapons of World War II The 1932 paper reporting the discovery of deuterium in experiments that led to Harold Urey's1934 Nobel Prize for Chemistry A review of the development of the SEAC, the first digital computer to employ stored programs and the first to process images in digital form The first paper demonstrating that parity is not conserved in nuclear physics, a result that shattered a fundamental concept of theoretical physics and led to a Nobel Prize for T. D. Lee and C. Y. Yang "Observation of Bose-Einstein Condensation in a Dilute Atomic Vapor," a 1995 paper that has already opened vast new areas of research A landmark contribution to the field of protein crystallography by Wlodawer and coworkers on the use of joint x-ray and neutron diffraction to determine the structure of proteins
Author: Romain Brette Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 0521516226 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 493
Book Description
Underlying principles of the various techniques are explained, enabling neuroscientists to extract meaningful information from their measurements.
Author: Govardhan Reddy Patancheru Publisher: diplom.de ISBN: 3954898357 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 72
Book Description
This research study deals with the design and development of non-invasive and reflectance type (photoplethysmogram) wearable PPG prototype for measuring heart rate.It explains the processing of heart rate from the measured PPG signal.Illustrates the heart rate measurements at different measurement sites.Explains benchmarking of realtime measured heart rate with other standard heart rate measuring units.Presents the heart rate measurements during different actions of swimming when the prototype is mounted on the forhead of swimmer.
Author: G. W. Day Publisher: DIANE Publishing ISBN: 9780788183744 Category : Languages : en Pages : 200
Book Description
Digest of a Symposium sponsored by the Nat. Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in cooperation with the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Soc. and the Optical Soc. of Amer. The Symposium consists of 10 invited and 34 contributed papers. Recent events have brought multimode fiber issues back into the measurement arena. Polarization-mode dispersion continues to be a topic of much interest with 2 full sessions devoted to a variety of subtopics in the field. Fiber geometry has several contributions, as does the broad topic of fiber mapping with length (including such parameters as chromatic dispersion and polarization properties).
Author: R. Lee Lyman
Author: R. Lee Lyman
Author: Brett Laursen
Author: Perez-Castillo, Ricardo
Author: Michael J. O'Brien
Author: ASM International
Author: David R. Lide
Author: Romain Brette
Author: Govardhan Reddy Patancheru
Author: G. W. Day
Author: Katherine Nelson