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Author: Sebastian Matthias Wagner-Carena Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
For decades, modern cosmology has held that the majority of the matter in our Universe is cold, collisionless dark matter (CDM). Many of our dark matter theories impose scales at which the CDM paradigm breaks down, mainly by changing the distribution of collapsed structures (halos) at low masses. An investigative priority of modern astrophysics has been searching for these violations of CDM predictions. Probing dark matter at these scales is challenging; dark matter halos are traditionally traced by the galaxies they host, but at low masses, we do not fully understand the connection between halos and galaxies. However, strong gravitational lenses are sensitive to low-mass halos even if they host no galaxies. In this thesis, I develop the statistical tools that allow us to use strong lenses to measure the small-scale, dark matter structure underlying our Universe. I present work that leverages neural networks to produce posterior distributions for the parameters underlying strong gravitational lensing images. This work includes the development of a hierarchical inference framework that corrects for the implicit prior encoded into the network by the training distribution. After showing that we can use the technique to constrain the population statistics of lenses without low-mass halos, I present work that extends the methodology to measurements of the subhalo mass function (SHMF). With the aid of new simulation tools, the results demonstrate that we can reliably infer the SHMF across disparate configurations of hundreds of lenses. I then discuss the improvements that can be made as the methodology is extended to the data. I conclude by outlining the physics that can be measured with this new set of tools. I argue that the advances in this thesis serve as a foundation for turning strong gravitational lenses into a sensitive probe of dark matter physics.
Author: Sebastian Matthias Wagner-Carena Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
For decades, modern cosmology has held that the majority of the matter in our Universe is cold, collisionless dark matter (CDM). Many of our dark matter theories impose scales at which the CDM paradigm breaks down, mainly by changing the distribution of collapsed structures (halos) at low masses. An investigative priority of modern astrophysics has been searching for these violations of CDM predictions. Probing dark matter at these scales is challenging; dark matter halos are traditionally traced by the galaxies they host, but at low masses, we do not fully understand the connection between halos and galaxies. However, strong gravitational lenses are sensitive to low-mass halos even if they host no galaxies. In this thesis, I develop the statistical tools that allow us to use strong lenses to measure the small-scale, dark matter structure underlying our Universe. I present work that leverages neural networks to produce posterior distributions for the parameters underlying strong gravitational lensing images. This work includes the development of a hierarchical inference framework that corrects for the implicit prior encoded into the network by the training distribution. After showing that we can use the technique to constrain the population statistics of lenses without low-mass halos, I present work that extends the methodology to measurements of the subhalo mass function (SHMF). With the aid of new simulation tools, the results demonstrate that we can reliably infer the SHMF across disparate configurations of hundreds of lenses. I then discuss the improvements that can be made as the methodology is extended to the data. I conclude by outlining the physics that can be measured with this new set of tools. I argue that the advances in this thesis serve as a foundation for turning strong gravitational lenses into a sensitive probe of dark matter physics.
Author: B. Stewart Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN: 9781542316811 Category : Languages : en Pages : 306
Book Description
The authors of The Unseen Universe, distinguished men of science, and holding moreover that it is our duty to try to account for all we see, and to push the unknown as far back as possible, discuss the theory of development, and their conclusion is that " scientifically it cannot be said to do away with the idea of a Final-Cause. It may, perhaps, eventually be possible by means of an hypothesis of evolution to account for the great variety of living forms, on the supposition of a single primordial germ to begin with; but the difficulty still remains how to account for the germ." And this surely is the " rock ahead" on which all evolutionists must make shipwreck unless they admit the essential principle of Theism. Whence this germ or cell? Whence its promise and potency? Dr. Rigg reminds us that between the protoplasm of the dog, the chick, and the man, no practised physiologist can detect any difference, yet each is evolved after its kind; each one must therefore have either within it or without it that which accounts for the form, shape, and character it ultimately assumes. Behind or within the primary cell, there must be some power controlling and guiding its evolution, selecting its conditions, and determining the ultimate result. Are we not driven, with the authors of The Unseen Universe to affirm "not an under-life resident in the atom, but rather to adopt the words of a recent writer, a Divine over-life in which we live, move and have our being?"' Thus we find that the ablest and sincerest scientific thinkers of our time agree with simple men and women in repudiating the idea that the history (even if accurate, which is disputed) of a process can ever be regarded as the explanation and ultimate theory of its origin and meaning. By the very construction of our minds, as Mr. Martineau has most conclusively shown, we must go beyond the event and the process to its origin and efficient cause. -The London Quarterly Review, Volume 55
Author: Peter Guthrie Tait Publisher: Palala Press ISBN: 9781346789453 Category : Languages : en Pages : 226
Book Description
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Author: Peter Guthrie Tait Publisher: Hansebooks ISBN: 9783337754723 Category : Languages : en Pages : 220
Book Description
The Unseen Universe - Physical speculations on a future state is an unchanged, high-quality reprint of the original edition of 1875. Hansebooks is editor of the literature on different topic areas such as research and science, travel and expeditions, cooking and nutrition, medicine, and other genres. As a publisher we focus on the preservation of historical literature. Many works of historical writers and scientists are available today as antiques only. Hansebooks newly publishes these books and contributes to the preservation of literature which has become rare and historical knowledge for the future.
Author: Peter Guthrie Tait Publisher: Palala Press ISBN: 9781377808444 Category : Languages : en Pages : 266
Book Description
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Author: Peter Guthrie Tait Publisher: Palala Press ISBN: 9781340948054 Category : Languages : en Pages : 266
Book Description
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Author: Sebastian Matthias Wagner-Carena
Author: Sebastian Matthias Wagner-Carena
Author: Balfour Stewart
Author: B. Stewart
Author: Peter Guthrie Tait
Author: Balfour Stewart
Author: Peter Guthrie Tait
Author: Balfour Stewart![The Unseen Universe; Or, Physical Speculations On a Future State [By B. Stewart and P.G. Tait] PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/kf8rzwEACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
Author: Peter Guthrie Tait![The Unseen Universe; Or, Physical Speculations on a Future State [By B. Stewart and P.G. Tait] PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/RGP6jwEACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
Author: Peter Guthrie Tait
Author: BALFOUR. STEWART