Massive MIMO Performance Analysis and Radar Sensor Networks Based Target Detection PDF Download

Author: Ganlin Zhao
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Array processors
Languages : en
Pages : 90

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Book Description
In this dissertation, we apply massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) performance analysis and radar target detection based on radar sensor networks(RSN). In recent years, massive MIMO draws great interest for wireless communication researchers. As a highly scalable technology for 5G networks, massive MIMO will meet the increasing demand for wireless throughput. Also, radar target detection is also an important topic for military and civilian applications. Improving detection accuracy when target is embedded in strong background clutter is a challenging task. In Chapter 2, we investigate scaling law of theoretical transmission capacity limit in an uplink multi-user MIMO system. In 5G network base station densification and massive MIMO are both important techlogogies which explore the spatial reuse and diversity to increase the total network spectrum efficiency. We apply scaling law to conduct the asymptotic analysis on how the outage capacity scales with number of users, base stations and base station antennas. In Chapter 3, we investigate shadow fading impact on a multi-user massive MIMO system. By deploying a large antenna array on the base station, the random channel vectors between users and base station antennas become pairwise orthogonal. This important property of massive MIMO makes small scale fading effect asymptotically vanish while large scale fading still remains. Based on this fact, we analyze the uplink achievable rate and cell coverage area under outage constraint considering log-normal shadow fading effect for both single-cell and multi-cell scenarios. In Chapter 4, we propose an Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) based approach to Ultra Wide Band (UWB) radar for sense-through-foliage target detection. When the radar signal quality is good, the EMD based target detection approach performs well by comparing to the no target case. When the radar signal quality is poor and a single radar echo fails to detect the target, we firstly apply RSN and Rake structure to combine radar echoes from different radar cluster-members and then the EMD based method could successfully carry out the target detection. In Chapter 5, we propose a target detection and classification approach using Hidden Markov Models (HMMs). Hidden Markov Model is used as an classifier to distinguish between the presence of target in a background clutter and the pure clutter response. Sense-through-foliage target detection and Sense-through-Wall human detection are conducted using real world Ultra Wide Band (UWB) data. Experiment results show HMM based method provides good detection and false alarm rate for poor quality radar echoes in position 1 in the sense-through-foliage target detection scenario. Sense-through-wall human experiment results shows Hidden Markov Model based method could successfully detect stationary human target behind different types of walls.

Author: Jian Li
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 047039143X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 468

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Book Description
The first book to present a systematic and coherent picture of MIMO radars Due to its potential to improve target detection and discrimination capability, Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output (MIMO) radar has generated significant attention and widespread interest in academia, industry, government labs, and funding agencies. This important new work fills the need for a comprehensive treatment of this emerging field. Edited and authored by leading researchers in the field of MIMO radar research, this book introduces recent developments in the area of MIMO radar to stimulate new concepts, theories, and applications of the topic, and to foster further cross-fertilization of ideas with MIMO communications. Topical coverage includes: Adaptive MIMO radar Beampattern analysis and optimization for MIMO radar MIMO radar for target detection, parameter estimation, tracking,association, and recognition MIMO radar prototypes and measurements Space-time codes for MIMO radar Statistical MIMO radar Waveform design for MIMO radar Written in an easy-to-follow tutorial style, MIMO Radar Signal Processing serves as an excellent course book for graduate students and a valuable reference for researchers in academia and industry.

Author: Lei Xu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
In this dissertation, we have studied totally eight topics which are focused on but not limited to radar sensor networks (RSN) from a signal processing perspective. We propose the definitions of ZCZ/LCZ (Zero Correlation Zone/Low Correlation Zone) sequence-pair sets, provided three methods to construct optimized optimized punctured LCZ/ZCZ sequence-pair sets and study their properties in chapter 2 and 3. We further investigate the waveform design problem for radar system, radar sensor network, sonar sensor network and MIMO radar system from chapter 4 to chapter 7. In addition, we study radar sensor network from the view of information theory in chapter 8. We also study compressive sensing and apply it to RSN to further investigate the system performance in chapter 9 and chapter 10. In chapter 11, we briefly conclude our work in this dissertation. The main innovation works of this dissertation are as following. We propose the LCZ/ZCZ Sequence-pair Sets that have ideal autocorrelation sidelobes and cross correlation values during LCZ/ZCZ. We also provide three methods to construct the Optimized Punctured LCZ/ZCZ Sequence-pair Sets which is a specific case of the LCZ/ZCZ Sequence-pair Sets. We not only theoretically prove that the sequence-pair sets constructed by our methods satisfy the definitions of the Optimized Punctured LCZ/ZCZ Sequence-pair sets, but also provide examples for each method and analyze properties of the Optimized Punctured LCZ/ZCZ Sequence-pair sets to help further investigating our proposed codes. The main purpose of pulse compression is to raise the signal to maximum sidelobe (signal-to-sidelobe) ratio to improve the target detection and range resolution abilities of the system. We apply the Optimized Punctured Binary Sequence-pair to the Radar system as the phase coded waveforms which is a kind of pulse compression codes. Comparing with the Barker and P4 codes of corresponding length, the Radar system within the Optimized Punctured Binary Sequence-pair could clearly improve the detection performances. Since multiple radar sensors can be combined to form a multi radar system to overcome performance degradation of single radar along with waveform optimization, we theoretically study RSN design using phase coded waveforms. We apply our newly proposed codes to RSN and analyze the detection performance of the system. We also apply the proposed ternary codes to the Sonar Sensor Network (SSN) as pulse compression codes for narrowband pulse signals and simulate the target detection performance of the system. We provide two MIMO radar systems using our proposed codes as orthogonal pulse compression codes to study the direction finding performance of the MIMO radar systems. We theoretically analyze the two MIMO radar system models and simulate the direction finding performance of the system. We also studied the RSN from the view of information theory. We investigate the use of information theory to design waveforms for the measurement of extended radar targets in RSN. We optimized the estimation waveforms that maximize the mutual information between a target ensemble and the received signal within additive Gaussian noise so that characteristics of the target could be well recognized. Finally, we provide and analyze a CS-SVD method to simplify the signal recovery algorithm and introduce CS to RSN using pulse compression technique. Our idea is to employ a set of Stepped-Frequency (SF) waveforms as pulse compression codes for transmit sensors, and to use the same SF waveforms as the sparse matrix to compress the signal in the receiving sensor. We obtain that the signal samples along the time domain could be largely compressed so that they could be perfectly recovered by a small number of measurements. We develop a Maximum Likelihood (ML) Algorithm for Radar Cross Section (RCS) parameter estimation and provide the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) to validate the theoretical result.

Author: Prof. Kosai Raoof
Publisher: Scientific Research Publishing, Inc. USA
ISBN: 1618960555
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 17

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Book Description
This book is written for graduate students and professionals concerned with MIMO systems. It reviews mostknown multiple antenna techniques for single-use point-to-point systems, from how multiple antennas help provide diversity and multiplexing to the detection techniques for these systems. This book covers the main fields of MIMO systems with 10 chapters; each chapter covers either base-bandsignal processing aspect or application.

Author: Ishrat Maherin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cognitive radio networks
Languages : en
Pages : 138

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Book Description
In this dissertation, we studied two topics which are focused on target detection through foliage and capacity analysis of cognitive radio. We propose a multi-step information theory based scheme for target detection through foliage, using ultra wide-band (UWB) radar sensor network (RSN). This method is motivated by the fact that echoes from the stationary target, obscured by foliage, are more random than the region without the target. This is resolved by three steps of information fusion. Information fusion and integration is the process of combining data from several radar sensors and can achieve results that are not possible by individual radar operating independently. For first step of information fusion, we propose to use Kullback-Leibler (K-L) divergence based weighting. By using the information theoretic criterion known as method of types, we proved that false alarm can be inversely proportional to the relative entropy or KL distance. In the second step, we propose to use Maximum Entropy Method(MEM) and mutual information based detection. Finally, we use Dempster and Shafer (D-S) theory of evidence for decision. We further investigated and applied another information theoretic criterion known as Chernoff information to select the best radar sensor. We modified the algorithm we developed for RSN for single radar case and applied for human detection through wall. We successfully detected human behind a gypsum wall using single UWB radar. This proved that our method is not adhoc and applicable to various scenarios. Cognitive radio is an intelligent wireless device that can exploit the side information and maximize the spectral utilization. Efficient spectrum sensing along with transmit power control can achieve the conflicting goal of increasing the capacity while keeping the interference under limit. In this dissertation, we propose a sensor network aided cognitive radio system which will reduce the missed detection and reduce the interference. The non-convex optimization problem is divided in two separate sub problems and solved to get a suboptimal solution. Mathematical analysis shows that interference between primary and secondary depends on spectral distance, when the parallel channels are orthogonal like an OFDM based system.

Author: George Thomas Denove (Ensign)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 109

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Book Description
Location awareness of non-collaborative targets within 5G and beyond systems is becoming ever more prominent. This paper presents a passive, hardware-agnostic multiple target tracking (MTT) system that addresses the shortcomings in current wireless position technology and is capable of seamlessly integrating with millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication infrastructure. The developed system is a radar sensor network (RSN) composed of distributed low-cost mmWave devices, which are designed to simultaneously transmit and receive for improved network throughput. We develop Doppler compensation and signal decoding algorithms integral to properly resolving target position information through multistatic sensing channels. Results indicate our system's advancements achieve performance improvements over existing systems in non-collaborative target detection and MTT in harsh wireless environments.

Author: Haley H. Kim
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 93

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Book Description
In this dissertation, several sparsity-based methods for ground moving target indicator (GMTI) radar with multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) random arrays are proposed. MIMO random arrays are large arrays that employ multiple transmitters and receivers, the positions of the transmitters and the receivers are randomly chosen. Since the resolution of the array depends on the size of the array, MIMO random arrays obtain a high resolution. However, since the positions of the sensors are randomly chosen, the array suffers from large sidelobes which may lead to an increased false alarm probability. The number of sensors of a MIMO random array required to maintain a certain level of peak sidelobes is studied. It is shown that the number of sensors scales with the logarithm of the array aperture, in contrast with a ULA where the number of elements scales linearly with the array aperture. The problem of sparse target detection given space-time observations from MIMO random arrays is presented. The observations are obtained in the presence of Gaussian colored noise of unknown covariance matrix, but for which secondary data is available for its estimation. To solve the detection problem two sparsity-based algorithms, the MP-STAP and the MBMP-STAP algorithms are proposed that utilizes knowledge of the upper bound on the number of targets. A constant false alarm rate (CFAR) sparsity based detector that does not utilize any information on the number of targets referred to as MP-CFAR and MBMP-CFAR are also developed. A performance analysis for the new CFAR detector is also derived, the metrics used to describe the performance of the detector are the probability of false alarm and the probability of detection. A grid refinement procedure is also proposed to eliminate the need for a dense grid which would increase the computational complexity significantly. Expressions for the computational complexity of the proposed CFAR detectors are derived. It is shown that the proposed CFAR detectors outperforms the popular adaptive beamformer at a modest increase in computational complexity.

Author: Qilian Liang
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811032297
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1000

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Book Description
This book brings together papers presented at the 2016 International Conference on Communications, Signal Processing, and Systems, which provides a venue to disseminate the latest developments and to discuss the interactions and links between these multidisciplinary fields. Spanning topics ranging from communications to signal processing and systems, this book is aimed at undergraduate and graduate students in electrical engineering, computer science and mathematics, researchers and engineers from academia and industry as well as government employees (such as NSF, DOD and DOE).

Author: Habib M. Ammari
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3319911465
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 820

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Book Description
This book discusses topics in mission-oriented sensor networks and systems research and practice, enabling readers to understand the major technical and application challenges of these networks, with respect to their architectures, protocols, algorithms, and application design. It also presents novel theoretical and practical ideas, which have led to the development of solid foundations for the design, analysis, and implementation of energy-efficient, reliable, and secure mission-oriented sensor network applications. Covering various topics, including sensor node architecture, sensor deployment, mobile coverage, mission assignment, detection, localization, tracking, data dissemination, data fusion, topology control, geometric routing, location privacy, secure communication, and cryptograph, it is a valuable resource for computer scientists, researchers, and practitioners in academia and industry.

Author: Constantinos B. Papadias
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119551471
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 456

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Book Description
Combines the latest trends in spectrum sharing, both from a research and a standards/regulation/experimental standpoint Written by noted professionals from academia, industry, and research labs, this unique book provides a comprehensive treatment of the principles and architectures for spectrum sharing in order to help with the existing and future spectrum crunch issues. It presents readers with the most current standardization trends, including CEPT / CEE, eLSA, CBRS, MulteFire, LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U), LTE WLAN integration with Internet Protocol security tunnel (LWIP), and LTE/Wi-Fi aggregation (LWA), and offers substantial trials and experimental results, as well as system-level performance evaluation results. The book also includes a chapter focusing on spectrum policy reinforcement and another on the economics of spectrum sharing. Beginning with the historic form of cognitive radio, Spectrum Sharing: The Next Frontier in Wireless Networks continues with current standardized forms of spectrum sharing, and reviews all of the technical ingredients that may arise in spectrum sharing approaches. It also looks at policy and implementation aspects and ponders the future of the field. White spaces and data base-assisted spectrum sharing are discussed, as well as the licensed shared access approach and cooperative communication techniques. The book also covers reciprocity-based beam forming techniques for spectrum sharing in MIMO networks; resource allocation for shared spectrum networks; large scale wireless spectrum monitoring; and much more. Contains all the latest standardization trends, such as CEPT / ECC, eLSA, CBRS, MulteFire, LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U), LTE WLAN integration with Internet Protocol security tunnel (LWIP) and LTE/Wi-Fi aggregation (LWA) Presents a number of emerging technologies for future spectrum sharing (collaborative sensing, cooperative communication, reciprocity-based beamforming, etc.), as well as novel spectrum sharing paradigms (e.g. in full duplex and radar systems) Includes substantial trials and experimental results, as well as system-level performance evaluation results Contains a dedicated chapter on spectrum policy reinforcement and one on the economics of spectrum sharing Edited by experts in the field, and featuring contributions by respected professionals in the field world wide Spectrum Sharing: The Next Frontier in Wireless Networks is highly recommended for graduate students and researchers working in the areas of wireless communications and signal processing engineering. It would also benefit radio communications engineers and practitioners.