Mass Transport in Oxides PDF Download

Author: J. B. Wachtman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Crystals
Languages : en
Pages : 228

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Author: Robert Jaffee
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461587239
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 598

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Book Description
DEFECTS AND TRANSPORT IN OXIDES is the proceedings of the eighth Battelle Colloquium in the Materials Sciences, held in Columbus and Salt Fork, Ohio, September 17-22, 1973. It took as its theme the relationship between defects and transport of both mass and charge in oxides. Applications of defect-controlled transport to a number of important processes in oxides also were covered. In selecting this topic, the Organizing Committee thought that 1973 was timely to bring together the leading theoretical and experimental researchers in the oxide transport field to review its status in a critical way, and to consider current major research directions and how research in the future might be guided into fruitful areas. The meeting was highlighted by the presentation of several papers which suggest that major advances in our understanding of transport in oxides appear to be imminent. These papers dealt with the results of new theoretical approaches whereby the energies and configurations of defects may be calculated, and with new experimental techniques for indirectly observing these defects, previously thought to be below the limits of experimental resolving power. Other papers, dealing with the application of defect chemistry to technological processes, served to demonstrate the successes and to point out yet unresolved problems associated with ix x PREFACE understanding the chemistry of imperfect crystals.

Author: O.T. Soerensen
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323149804
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 454

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Book Description
Nonstoichiometric Oxides discusses the thermodynamic and structural studies of nonstoichiometric oxides. This eight-chapter text also covers the defect-defect interactions in these compounds. The introductory chapters describe the thermodynamic properties of nonstoichiometric oxides in terms of defect complexes using the classical thermodynamic principles and from a statistical thermodynamics point of view. These chapters also include statistical thermodynamic models that indicate the ordered nonstoichiometric phase range in these oxides. The subsequent chapters examine the transport properties, such as diffusion and electrical conductivity. Diffusion theories and experimental diffusion coefficients for several systems, as well as the electrical properties of the highly defective ionic and mixed oxide conductor, are specifically tackled in these chapters. The concluding chapters present the pertinent results obtained in nonstoichiometric oxide structural studies using high-resolution electron microscopy and X-ray and neutron diffraction. Inorganic chemists and inorganic chemistry teachers and students will greatly appreciate this book.

Author: Wolfgang Jaeschke
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642706274
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 773

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Rapidly increasing interest in the problems of air pollution and source-receptor relationships has led to a significant expansion of knowledge in the field of atmospheric chemistry. In general the chemistry of atmospheric trace constituents is governed by the oxygen content of the atmosphere. Upon entering the atmosphere in a more or less reduced state, trace substances are oxidized via various pathways and the generated products are often precursors of acidic compounds. Beside oxidation processes occurring in the gas phase, gaseous compounds are often converted into solid aerosol particles. The various steps within gas-to-particle conversion are constantly interacting with condensation processes, which are caused by the tropospheric water content. Thus in addition to the gaseous state, a liquid and solid state exists within the troposphere. The solid phase consists of atmospheric conversion products or fly ash and mineral dust. The liquid phase consists of water, conversion products and soluble compounds. The chemistry occurring within this system is often referred to as hydrogeneous chemistry. The chemist interprets this term, however, more strictly as reactions which occur only at an interphase between phases. This, however, is not always what happens in the atmosphere. There are indeed heterogeneous processes such as reactions occurring on the surface of dry aerosol particles. But apart from these, we must focus as well on reactions in the homogeneous phase, which are single steps of consecutive reactions running through various phases.

Author: John Bryan Wachtman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Crystals
Languages : en
Pages : 217

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Author: Weidong He
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319097377
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 87

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This book provides a comprehensive overview of contemporary research and emerging measurement technologies associated with gas transport in solid oxide fuel cells. Within these pages, an introduction to the concept of gas diffusion in solid oxide fuel cells is presented. This book also discusses the history and underlying fundamental mechanisms of gas diffusion in solid oxide fuel cells, general theoretical mathematical models for gas diffusion, and traditional and advanced techniques for gas diffusivity measurement.

Author: F. Bénière
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1489922571
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 600

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Book Description
Atomic transport in solids is a field of growing importance in solid state physics and chemistry, and one which, moreover, has important implications in several areas of materials science. This growth is due first to an increase in the understanding of the fund amentals of transport processes in solids. Of equal importance, however, have been the improvements in the last decade in the experi mental techniques available for the investigation of transport phenomena. The advances in technique have stimulated studies of a wider range of materials; and expansion of the field has been strong ly encouraged by the increasing range of applied areas where transport processes play an essential role. For example, mass transport phenomena play a critical role in the technology of fabrication of components in the electronics industry. Transport processes are involved both during the fabrication and operation of devices and with the growing trend to miniaturisation there are increasing demands on accurate control of diffusion processes. The present book (which is based on a NATO sponsored Advanced Study Institute held in 1981 at Lannion, France) aims to present a general survey of the subject, highlighting those areas where work has been especially active in recent years.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 762

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Author: Zbigniew Galazka
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000067149
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 722

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This book discusses various aspects of different bulk TSO single crystals in terms of thermodynamics; bulk crystal growth using diverse techniques involving gas phase, solution, and melt; and the resulting crystal size, appearance, and structural quality as well as the fundamental properties that were gathered from bulk single crystals. It presents experimental results accompanied by theoretical results, such as band structure and native defects. Combinations of various bulk single crystals along with their properties show great promise in practical device functionality and fabrication. Many TSO-based devices have already been demonstrated in several technical areas, including electronics, optoelectronics, and photovoltaics as well as sensing devices. The book is the first of its kind that brings together a variety of bulk single crystals of scientifically and technically important TSOs along with their properties, which may result in novel devices with unique functionalities.

Author: Gertjan Koster
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
ISBN: 0081029462
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 534

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Epitaxial Growth of Complex Metal Oxides, Second Edition reviews techniques and recent developments in the fabrication quality of complex metal oxides, which are facilitating advances in electronic, magnetic and optical applications. Sections review the key techniques involved in the epitaxial growth of complex metal oxides and explore the effects of strain and stoichiometry on crystal structure and related properties in thin film oxides. Finally, the book concludes by discussing selected examples of important applications of complex metal oxide thin films, including optoelectronics, batteries, spintronics and neuromorphic applications. This new edition has been fully updated, with brand new chapters on topics such as atomic layer deposition, interfaces, STEM-EELs, and the epitaxial growth of multiferroics, ferroelectrics and nanocomposites. - Examines the techniques used in epitaxial thin film growth for complex oxides, including atomic layer deposition, sputtering techniques, molecular beam epitaxy, and chemical solution deposition techniques - Reviews materials design strategies and materials property analysis methods, including the impacts of defects, strain, interfaces and stoichiometry - Describes key applications of epitaxially grown metal oxides, including optoelectronics, batteries, spintronics and neuromorphic applications