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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 127
Book Description
Partial contents: A climatology of maritime aerosol populations, Aerosol characteristics of NRL-705-83 cruise - Overview of Aerosol Variability in the Atlantic along 20-30 deg N, General behavior of continental plumes over the oceans, Sea salt aerosol concentration vs. wind speed, and Sulfur over the ocean; A potential relationship between atmospheric aerosol optical depth and boundary layer visibility; Appendices - Aerosol data for Corea, Maine, July 1981, Aerosol data for Valkaria, Florida, July 1982, and Drop size distributions for NRL-705-83 Cruise, 11 Mar - 17 April 1983. Keywords: Marine atmospheres; Marine climatology, North Atlantic Ocean.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 127
Book Description
Partial contents: A climatology of maritime aerosol populations, Aerosol characteristics of NRL-705-83 cruise - Overview of Aerosol Variability in the Atlantic along 20-30 deg N, General behavior of continental plumes over the oceans, Sea salt aerosol concentration vs. wind speed, and Sulfur over the ocean; A potential relationship between atmospheric aerosol optical depth and boundary layer visibility; Appendices - Aerosol data for Corea, Maine, July 1981, Aerosol data for Valkaria, Florida, July 1982, and Drop size distributions for NRL-705-83 Cruise, 11 Mar - 17 April 1983. Keywords: Marine atmospheres; Marine climatology, North Atlantic Ocean.
Author: Nicole Chisholm Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Marine aerosols play an important role in earth's climate, but their effects remain highly uncertain due to a poor understanding of their sources, properties, and atmospheric processing, partly due to limited measurements. The Coastal-Fog (C-FOG) study investigated the processes controlling the formation and properties of fog in the North Atlantic Ocean. As part of this study, aerosol particle size distributions and chemical composition were measured off the shore of the northeastern United States and Atlantic Canada, and used to investigate the sources and processes affecting the observed aerosols. Processed marine air during the study was characterized by single and bi-modal aerosol size distributions. Aerosols in the port city of St. John's, Newfoundland reflected local emissions built up due to poor ventilation, whereas aerosols in Halifax, Nova Scotia were lower in concentration because the harbour is more spread out. Finally, two particle growth events were observed. The first event captured the appearance of 10 nm particles that grew to 30 nm over 4 h. These aerosols appeared to be newly formed in the upper portion of the boundary layer with influence from the free troposphere before subsiding to the surface. In the second event, 45 nm particles grew to 70 nm over 8 h. The growth of these aerosols was most likely due to the direct condensation of organic vapours emitted from boreal forests and/or the ocean. Our observations provide important insight into the processes affecting marine aerosols and highlight the crucial role of boundary layer meteorology.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Aeronautics Languages : en Pages : 456
Book Description
Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Author: E. J. Mack Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 225
Book Description
During May and early June 1977, Calspan participated in a Transatlantic-Mediterranean research expedition (NRL Cruise 77-16-04) aboard the USNS HAYES to investigate atmospheric marine boundary layer phenomena. Calspan's objective was the acquisition of data describing the magnitudes and spatial variations of a variety of aerosol and meteorological parameters in the lowest 20 m. Continuous or hourly observations of visibility, scattering coefficient, total particle concentration, aerosol size spectra (0.01 to>3.0 micrometers diameter), relative humidity, air and sea surface temperatures, and winds were obtained throughout the cruise. At less regular intervals, measurements of cloud condensation nuclei and aqueous sea spray aerosols and collections of aerosols for chemical analyses were also obtained. These data were used to describe differences between the clean marine air of the mid-Atlantic and the modified-continental air of the Mediterranean observed during the cruise and data previously acquired in the Eastern Pacific. In addition, complete aerosol spectra (0.01 micrometers to>20.0 micrometers diameter) were utilized to compute extinction as functions index of refraction, wavelength and changes in relative humidity. (Author).
Author: Antonio Gianguzza Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 366204935X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 513
Book Description
The most important processes on the Earth`s surface occur in the Ocean where materials and energy are primarily exchanged. In the case of marine chemistry different fields of chemistry from organic to inorganic as well as thermodynamics and biochemistry are involved. Analytical Chemistry is a very important tool for the quantification of biogeochemical processes by providing correct and even more sophisticated methodologies. These are often directly applied 'in situ', in order to detect trace and ultra-trace natural and anthropogenic substances. Kinetic and thermodynamic studies allow us to establish whether the process occurs. Once discovered it is then possible to build up general models for environmental systems. This book gathers many aspects with the aim of creating a general picture of the chemical processes occurring in the marine environment
Author: Hansina Rae Hill Publisher: ISBN: Category : Atmospheric aerosols Languages : en Pages : 75
Book Description
Atmospheric particulate matter has a substantial impact on global climate due to its ability to absorb/scatter solar radiation and act as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). Yet, little is known about marine aerosol, in particular, the carbonaceous fraction. In the present work, particulate matter was collected, using High Volume (HiVol) samplers, onto quartz fiber substrates during a series of research cruises on the Atlantic Ocean. Samples were collected on board the R/V Endeavor on West and East (March-April, 2006) and East and West (June-July, 2006) transects in the North Atlantic, as well as on the R/V Polarstern during a North and South (October-November, 2005) transect along the western coast of Europe and Africa. The aerosol total carbon (TC) concentrations for the West & ndash;East (Narragansett, RI, USA to Nice, France) and East & ndash;West (Heraklion, Crete, Greece to Narragansett, RI, USA) transects were generally low over the open ocean (0.36±0.14 & mu;g C/m3) and increased as the ship approached coastal areas (2.18±1.37 & mu;g C/m3), due to increased terrestrial/anthropogenic aerosol inputs. The TC for the North & ndash;South transect samples decreased in the southern hemisphere with the exception of samples collected near the 15th parallel where calculations indicate the air mass back trajectories originated from the continent. Seasonal variation in organic carbon (OC) was seen in the northern hemisphere open ocean samples with average values of 0.45 & mu;g/m3 and 0.26 & mu;g/m3 for spring and summer, respectively. These low summer time values are consistent with SeaWiFS satellite images that show decreasing chlorophyll a concentration (a proxy for phytoplankton biomass) in the summer. There is also a statistically significant (p
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Author: Antonio Gianguzza
Author: Hansina Rae Hill