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Author: G.J.C.M. Hoffmans Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1000347303 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 342
Book Description
Ever since the publication in 1997 the original Scour Manual has helped many practising hydraulic engineers to deal with scour processes near hydraulic structures. In recent years new insights, such as probabilistic calculations, offered new opportunities to design structures more economically. These new insights are included in this update of the original Scour Manual, which is focussing entirely on current-related scour. This manual provides the engineer with useful practical methods to calculate the dimensions of scour holes in the pre-feasibility and preliminary stages of a project, and gives an introduction to the most relevant literature. This updated Scour Manual contains guidelines that can be used to solve problems related to scour in engineering practice and also reflects the main results of all research projects in the Netherlands in recent decades. The so-called Breusers equilibrium method has a central role, which can basically be applied to all situations where local scour is expected. The method allows to predict the scour depth as a function of time, provided that the available knowledge about scour at the specific structure is sufficient. For structures with insufficient knowledge available, alternative scour prediction rules are presented. The treatment of local scour is classified according to the different types of structures. Each type of structure is necessarily schematised to a simple, basic layout. The main parameters of a structure and the main parts of the flow pattern near a structure are described briefly insofar they are relevant to the description of scour phenomena. New scour formulas for the equilibrium scour have been elucidated. Evaluating a balance of forces for a control volume, it is possible to develop scour equations for different types of flow fields and structures, i.e. jets, abutments and bridge piers. As many scour problems are still not fully understood, attention is paid to the validity ranges and limitations of the formulas, as well as to the accuracy of the scour predictions. This information can also be used to carry out a risk assessment using a safety philosophy based on a probabilistic analysis or an approach with a safety factor. Moreover, the information on the strength of soils is extended and aspects are addressed such as scour due to shear failures or flow slides, that can progressively damage the bed protection which might lead to the failure of hydraulic structures. This updated Scour Manual presents scour prediction methods and deals with practically related scour problems. Consultants and contractors were invited to provide case studies of realized projects, including the methods that were followed. These case studies will help with grasping the concept of scour by the flow of water. This manual provides the engineer with the latest knowledge and with case studies that show how to apply the formulas and their limitations.
Author: G.J.C.M. Hoffmans Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1000347303 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 342
Book Description
Ever since the publication in 1997 the original Scour Manual has helped many practising hydraulic engineers to deal with scour processes near hydraulic structures. In recent years new insights, such as probabilistic calculations, offered new opportunities to design structures more economically. These new insights are included in this update of the original Scour Manual, which is focussing entirely on current-related scour. This manual provides the engineer with useful practical methods to calculate the dimensions of scour holes in the pre-feasibility and preliminary stages of a project, and gives an introduction to the most relevant literature. This updated Scour Manual contains guidelines that can be used to solve problems related to scour in engineering practice and also reflects the main results of all research projects in the Netherlands in recent decades. The so-called Breusers equilibrium method has a central role, which can basically be applied to all situations where local scour is expected. The method allows to predict the scour depth as a function of time, provided that the available knowledge about scour at the specific structure is sufficient. For structures with insufficient knowledge available, alternative scour prediction rules are presented. The treatment of local scour is classified according to the different types of structures. Each type of structure is necessarily schematised to a simple, basic layout. The main parameters of a structure and the main parts of the flow pattern near a structure are described briefly insofar they are relevant to the description of scour phenomena. New scour formulas for the equilibrium scour have been elucidated. Evaluating a balance of forces for a control volume, it is possible to develop scour equations for different types of flow fields and structures, i.e. jets, abutments and bridge piers. As many scour problems are still not fully understood, attention is paid to the validity ranges and limitations of the formulas, as well as to the accuracy of the scour predictions. This information can also be used to carry out a risk assessment using a safety philosophy based on a probabilistic analysis or an approach with a safety factor. Moreover, the information on the strength of soils is extended and aspects are addressed such as scour due to shear failures or flow slides, that can progressively damage the bed protection which might lead to the failure of hydraulic structures. This updated Scour Manual presents scour prediction methods and deals with practically related scour problems. Consultants and contractors were invited to provide case studies of realized projects, including the methods that were followed. These case studies will help with grasping the concept of scour by the flow of water. This manual provides the engineer with the latest knowledge and with case studies that show how to apply the formulas and their limitations.
Author: Silvia Susana Ginsberg Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand ISBN: 9533071893 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 350
Book Description
Sediment transport is a book that covers a wide variety of subject matters. It combines the personal and professional experience of the authors on solid particles transport and related problems, whose expertise is focused in aqueous systems and in laboratory flumes. This includes a series of chapters on hydrodynamics and their relationship with sediment transport and morphological development. The different contributions deal with issues such as the sediment transport modeling; sediment dynamics in stream confluence or river diversion, in meandering channels, at interconnected tidal channels system; changes in sediment transport under fine materials, cohesive materials and ice cover; environmental remediation of contaminated fine sediments. This is an invaluable interdisciplinary textbook and an important contribution to the sediment transport field. I strongly recommend this textbook to those in charge of conducting research on engineering issues or wishing to deal with equally important scientific problems.
Author: Johan C. Winterwerp Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0080473733 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 577
Book Description
This book is an introduction to the physical processes of cohesive sediment in the marine environment. It focuses on highly dynamic systems, such as estuaries and coastal seas. Processes on the continental shelf are also discussed and attention is given to the effects of chemistry, biology and gas.The process descriptions are based on hydrodynamic and soil mechanic principles, which integrate at the soil-water interface. This approach is substantiated through a classification scheme of sediment occurrences in which distinction is made between cohesive and granular material. Emphasis is also placed on the important interactions between turbulent flow and cohesive sediment suspensions, and on the impact of flow-induced forces on the stability of the seabed. An overview of literature on cohesive sediment dynamics is presented and a number of new developments are highlighted, in particular in relation to floc formation, settling and sedimentation, consolidation, bed failure and liquefaction and erosion of the bed. Moreover, it presents a summary on methods and techniques to measure the various sediment properties necessary to quantify the various parameters in the physical-mathematical model descriptions. A number of examples and case studies have been included.
Author: Lynne E. Frostick Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 0415609127 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 274
Book Description
A Users Guide to Hydraulic Modelling and Experimentation provides a systematic, comprehensive summary of the progress made through HYDRALAB III . The book combines the expertise of many of the leading hydraulic experimentalists in Europe and identifies current best practice for carrying out state-of-the-art, modern laboratory investigations. In addition it gives an inventory and reviews recent advances in instrumentation and equipment that drive present and new developments in the subject. The Guide concentrates on four core areas – waves, breakwaters, sediments and the relatively-new (but rapidly-developing) cross-disciplinary area of hydrodynamics/ecology. Progress made through the ‘CoMIBBS’ component of HYDRALAB III provides the material for a chapter focussed on guidance, principles and practice for composite modelling. There is detailed consideration of scaling and the degree of relevance of laboratory/physical modelling approaches for specific contexts included in each of the individual chapters. The Guide includes outputs from the workshops and several of the innovative transnational access projects that have been supported within HYDRALAB III, as well as the focussed joint research activities SANDS and CoMIBBS. Its primary purpose is to serve as a shared resource to disseminate the outstanding advances achieved within HYDRALAB III but, even more than this, it is a tribute to the human and institutional collaborations that led to and sustained the research advances, the human relationships that were strengthened and initiated through joint participation in the Programme, and the training opportunities that participation provided to the many young researchers engaged in the projects.
Author: Weiming Wu Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1000936740 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 669
Book Description
This book focuses on the fundamentals of sediment transport in surface waters. It covers sediment properties, open channel flows, sediment particle settling, incipient motion, bed forms, bed load, suspended load, total load, cohesive sediments, water-sediment two-phase flows, hyperconcentrated flows, debris flows, wave-induced sediment transport, turbidity currents, and physical modeling. Besides the primary context of river sedimentation, this book extensively covers sediment transport under coexisting waves and currents in coasts and estuaries, hyperconcentrated and debris flows in rivers, as well as turbidity currents in lakes, reservoirs, channels, and the ocean. It includes a chapter on the water-sediment two-phase flow theory, which is considered the basis of many sediment transport models. It introduces some special topics have that emerged in recent years, such as the transport of mixed cohesive and noncohesive sediments, biofilm-coated sediments, and infiltrated sand within gravel and cobble beds. The text merges classical and new knowledge of sediment transport from various sources in English and non-English literature and includes important contributions made by many scientists and engineers from all over the world. It balances the breadth, depth, fundamental importance, practical applicability, and future advancement of the covered knowledge, and can be used as a text and reference book. The chapters are arranged in a useful sequence for teaching purposes. Certain homework problems are prepared, which also highlight the important topics for instructors to select. Solutions to homework problems are available from the author by request.
Author: George Constantinescu Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1317289110 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 3703
Book Description
Understanding and being able to predict fluvial processes is one of the biggest challenges for hydraulics and environmental engineers, hydrologists and other scientists interested in preserving and restoring the diverse functions of rivers. The interactions among flow, turbulence, vegetation, macroinvertebrates and other organisms, as well as the transport and retention of particulate matter, have important consequences on the ecological health of rivers. Managing rivers in an ecologically friendly way is a major component of sustainable engineering design, maintenance and restoration of ecological habitats. To address these challenges, a major focus of River Flow 2016 was to highlight the latest advances in experimental, computational and theoretical approaches that can be used to deepen our understanding and capacity to predict flow and the associated fluid-driven ecological processes, anthropogenic influences, sediment transport and morphodynamic processes. River Flow 2016 was organized under the auspices of the Committee for Fluvial Hydraulics of the International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR). Since its first edition in 2002, the River Flow conference series has become the main international event focusing on river hydrodynamics, sediment transport, river engineering and restoration. Some of the highlights of the 8th International Conference on Fluvial Hydraulics were to focus on inter-disciplinary research involving, among others, ecological and biological aspects relevant to river flows and processes and to emphasize broader themes dealing with river sustainability. River Flow 2016 contains the contributions presented during the regular sessions covering the main conference themes and the special sessions focusing on specific hot topics of river flow research, and will be of interest to academics interested in hydraulics, hydrology and environmental engineering.
Author: Johan C Winterwerp Publisher: World Scientific ISBN: 9811243646 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 644
Book Description
Fine Sediment in Open Water is mainly written for professional engineers working in estuaries and coastal systems. It provides the basis for a fundamental understanding of the physical, biological and chemical processes governing the transport and fate of fine sediment in open water and explains how this understanding can steer engineering studies with numerical models. This is a unique treatment of processes at a variety of spatial and temporal scales, from the micro-scale (colloid scale) to system-wide scales, and from intra-tidal time periods to decades.Beginning with the processes governing the transport and fate of fine sediment in shallow open water, the first eight chapters are dedicated to the hydrodynamic, soil mechanics and biological processes which determine fine sediment concentrations in the water column, in/on the bed and the exchange of sediment between bed and water column. The next two chapters treat the net fluxes of fine sediment as a function of asymmetries in forcing and sediment properties. These fundamental processes form the basis for the subsequent chapters on modeling in which the governing equations are presented, and tools are provided to aggregate and parameterize the various processes elaborated in the first eight chapters. Further, any numerical model study should be based on a conceptual model, as illustrated in the final five chapters, which provide examples of numerical modeling studies on the transport and fate of fine sediment in a coastal sea, an estuary, a tidal river, a lake, and around and within a harbor basin.Related Link(s)
Author: Soon Keat Tan Publisher: World Scientific ISBN: 9814466565 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 1065
Book Description
The coastal zone has always been an important frontier - for trade, food and the foundations of modern civilization. This same zone has also been exploited in one way or another, and sometimes without regard to the balance and schemes of Mother Nature. It is only when things go terribly wrong that we begin to react and attempt to undo the mistakes of the past. At times we have succeeded, but at a high price. At times, we have to retreat and concede defeat as the technology of man is no match to the force of nature. Over time, we learn to work with nature and leverage the science of nature to protect the coastal zone and hold our frontier between the sea and land.This proceeding presents the recent advances in all aspects of ocean and coastal research and management in the Asian and Pacific nations. The volume set provides a valuable source of information for scientists, engineers and professionals dealing with coastal zone issues and challenges in coastal, port and ocean engineering development, as well as the environmental impacts resulting from development of ocean and coastal areas.
Author: Wim Uijttewaal Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1000294366 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 2459
Book Description
Rivers form one of the lifelines in our society by providing essential services such as availability of fresh water, navigation, energy, ecosystem services, and flood conveyance. Because of this essential role, mankind has interfered continuously in order to benefit most and at the same time avoid adverse consequences such as flood risk and droughts. This has resulted in often highly engineered rivers with a narrow set of functions. In the last decades rivers are increasingly considered in a more holistic manner as a system with a multitude of interdependent processes. River research and engineering has therefore added to the river fundamentals also themes like ecohydraulics, consequences of climate change, and urbanisation. River Flow 2020 contains the contributions presented at the 10th conference on Fluvial Hydraulics, River Flow 2020, organised under the auspices of the Committee on Fluvial Hydraulics of the International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR). What should have been a lively physical gathering of researchers, students and practitioners, was converted into an online event as the COVID-19 pandemic hindered international travelling and large gatherings of people. Nevertheless, the fluvial hydraulics community showed their interest and to be very much alive with a high number of participations for such event. Since its first edition in 2002, in Louvain-la-Neuve, this series of conferences has found a large and loyal audience in the river research and engineering community while being also attractive to the new researchers and young professionals. This is highlighted by the large number of contributions applying for the Coleman award for young researchers, and also by the number of applications and attendants to the Master Classes which are aimed at young researchers and students. River Flow 2020 aims to provide an updated overview of the ongoing research in this wide range of topics, and contains five major themes which are focus of research in the fluvial environment: river fundamentals, the digital river, the healthy river, extreme events and rivers under pressure. Other highlights of River Flow 2020 include the substantial number of interdisciplinary subthemes and sessions of special interest. The contributions will therefore be of interest to academics in hydraulics, hydrology and environmental engineering as well as practitioners that would like to be updated about the newest findings and hot themes in river research and engineering.
Author: G.J.C.M. Hoffmans
Author: G.J.C.M. Hoffmans
Author: Silvia Susana Ginsberg
Author: Johan C. Winterwerp
Author: Lynne E. Frostick
Author: Leonardus C. van Rijn
Author: Weiming Wu
Author: George Constantinescu
Author: Johan C Winterwerp
Author: Soon Keat Tan
Author: Wim Uijttewaal