Making Sense of DNA Backlogs PDF Download

Author: Mark Nelson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Crime
Languages : en
Pages : 20

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Book Description
Defines what a DNA backlog is, explains why the demand for DNA testing is increasing, and what is being done to reduce and eliminate the backlog.

Author: Mark Nelson
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1437941176
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 20

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Book Description
Federal funding made available by the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) through the DNA Initiative helped state and local governments significantly increase the capacity of their DNA laboratories between 2005 and 2008. At the same time, the demand for DNA testing continues to outstrip the capacity of crime laboratories to process these cases. This report addresses the issue that crime laboratories are processing more cases than ever before, but their expanded capacity has not been able to meet the increased demand. The report examines what a backlog is and how backlogs can be reduced. Charts and tables.

Author: Jeremiah E. Goulka
Publisher: Rand Corporation
ISBN: 0833051601
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 32

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Book Description
RAND researchers explored the U.S. and English forensic DNA analysis systems to find out whether England has capitalized more fully on their crime-fighting potential than the U.S. system, processing samples more quickly and providing more database hits for law enforcement.

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309376483
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 150

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Book Description
Reliable and valid forensic science analytic techniques are critical to a credible, fair, and evidence-based criminal justice system. There is widespread agreement that the scientific foundation of some currently available forensic science methods needs strengthening and that additional, more efficient techniques are urgently needed. These needs can only be met through sustained research programs explicitly designed to ensure and improve the reliability and validity of current methods and to foster the development and use of new and better techniques. This task is challenging due to the broad nature of the field. Concerns have been raised repeatedly about the ability of the criminal justice system to collect and analyze evidence efficiently and to be fair in its verdicts. Although significant progress has been made in some forensic science disciplines, the forensic science community still faces many challenges. Federal leadership, particularly in regard to research and the scientific validation of forensic science methods, is needed to help meet the pressing issues facing state and local jurisdictions. This report reviews the progress made by the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) to advance forensic science research since the 2009 report, Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward and the 2010 report, Strengthening the National Institute of Justice. Support for Forensic Science Research examines the ways in which NIJ develops its forensic science research priorities and communicates those priorities as well as its findings to the scientific and forensic practitioner communities in order to determine the impact of NIJ forensic science research programs and how that impact can be enhanced.

Author: Stanford Law Review
Publisher: Quid Pro Books
ISBN: 1610270681
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 500

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Book Description
This issue of the Stanford Law Review contains studies of law, history, and social policy by recognized scholars on such diverse topics as fixing unfair contracts (by Omri Ben-Shahar), using DNA forensics to identify family members in criminal cases and other legal matters (by Natalie Ram), and the ethics of lawyers holding onto real evidence such as guns,tapes, and drugs (by Stephen Gillers). In addition, extensive student work explores the history of religious freedom and the First Amendment, as well as the use of amicus curiae briefs in the Supreme Court after an opinion below is abandoned by a party. The Stanford Law Review was organized in 1948. Each year the Law Review publishes one volume, which appears in six separate issues between December and July. Each issue contains material written by student members of the Law Review, other Stanford law students, and outside contributors, such as law professors, judges, and practicing lawyers. The current volume is 63, for the academic year 2010-2011, and the present compilation, in ebook form, represents Issue 4 for April 2011. In the ebook editions, all footnotes, graphs, and Tables of Contents (including those for individual articles) are fully linked, properly scaled, and functional; the original note numbering is retained; and the issue is properly formatted.

Author: Takasi Nisisako
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3039366947
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 230

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Book Description
Microfluidic platforms are increasingly being used for separating a wide variety of particles based on their physical and chemical properties. In the past two decades, many practical applications have been found in chemical and biological sciences, including single cell analysis, clinical diagnostics, regenerative medicine, nanomaterials synthesis, environmental monitoring, etc. In this Special Issue, we invited contributions to report state-of-the art developments in the fields of micro- and nanofluidic separation, fractionation, sorting, and purification of all classes of particles, including, but not limited to, active devices using electric, magnetic, optical, and acoustic forces; passive devices using geometries and hydrodynamic effects at the micro/nanoscale; confined and open platforms; label-based and label-free technology; and separation of bioparticles (including blood cells), circulating tumor cells, live/dead cells, exosomes, DNA, and non-bioparticles, including polymeric or inorganic micro- and nanoparticles, droplets, bubbles, etc. Practical devices that demonstrate capabilities to solve real-world problems were of particular interest.

Author: Max M. Houck
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1003856446
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 345

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Book Description
Forensic Science Laboratory Benchmarking: The FORESIGHT Manual takes a step-by-step instructional approach to utilizing FORESIGHT data, detailing how labs can participate in the process to improve efficiencies. The FORESIGHT Project—a business benchmarking process for forensic service providers—was created in 2008 to collect and report data while offering improvement to processes through analysis, comparisons, and best practice evaluations. The program has grown to include more than 200 participating forensic laboratories worldwide. FORESIGHT offers the capability for labs to improve core functions, provide and benefit from metrics, and thus, improve the labs capabilities and functioning for the public good, while maintaining their often limited, fixed budgets. Due to ever-increasing caseloads, forensic laboratories are constantly plagued by backlogged casework—cases submitted to the laboratory but not yet worked. This leads to inefficiencies, delays, and unhappy agencies expecting timely results. Unfortunately, even if a lab’s slates were wiped clean and the backlog were erased, many of the inefficient processes—that created the backlog—would still be in place. Eventually, and inevitably, the lab would develop a new backlog. Unique coverage and features: Presents critical and proven cutting-edge measures to utilize FORESIGHT data improve laboratory testing, operational efficiency, and policies without added additional costs. Synthesizes the data input from more than 200 labs and a decade’s worth of analytics to illustrate process improvements and the advantages of participating. Outlines how to develop data-driven responses to solve current and future problems. Forensic Science Laboratory Benchmarking will be of interest to quality assurance specialists, economists, supervisors in the parent agencies of the labs, managers at all levels of any of the hundreds of public laboratories around the world, and anyone concerned about the effectiveness and efficiency of laboratory testing. As an operational guide, the book provides a helpful roadmap to help public science agencies and forensic labs analyze how they operate, improve on what works, and change what doesn’t to better meet their mission and serve their community’s goals.

Author: Kevin J. Strom
Publisher: SAGE Publications
ISBN: 1483312984
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 313

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Book Description
Uniting forensics, law, and social science in meaningful and relevant ways, Forensic Science and the Administration of Justice, by Kevin J. Strom and Matthew J. Hickman, is structured around current research on how forensic evidence is being used and how it is impacting the justice system. This unique book—written by nationally known scholars in the field—includes five sections that explore the demand for forensic services, the quality of forensic services, the utility of forensic services, post-conviction forensic issues, and the future role of forensic science in the administration of justice. The authors offer policy-relevant directions for both the criminal justice and forensic fields and demonstrate how the role of the crime laboratory in the American justice system is evolving in concert with technological advances as well as changing demands and competing pressures for laboratory resources.

Author: Rachel E. Lovell
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000780287
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 542

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Book Description
Sexual Assault Kits and Reforming the Response to Rape curates the current state of untested sexual assault kit research and highlights emerging best practices by exploring the past, the present, and the future of our collective response to rape. This book is the first to address the most critical topics related to untested sexual assault kits and the Department of Justice’s Sexual Assault Kit Initiative, bringing together leading US scholars, practitioners, policy makers, and survivors. In a series of well-researched and thoughtful thematic chapters, the book explores the current state of knowledge related to untested kits, survivors, and perpetrators, while also documenting fundamental and necessary changes in how societal systems respond to rape. It provides an opportunity to learn from our past, highlight what we could do differently now, and envision a better future for victims of rape and those tasked with ensuring justice. It may also serve as a cautionary tale for those jurisdictions that have yet to face their backlog or who have failed to embrace the practice and policy changes that have emerged from the Sexual Assault Kit Initiative. Sexual Assault Kits and Reforming the Response to Rape is essential reading for practitioners (including law enforcement, prosecutors, victim advocates, mental health providers, forensic nurses, and forensic scientists), stakeholders, legislators, and policy makers. It will also be of interest to upper-level students and scholars working on interpersonal violence, gender-based violence, and forensic nursing in social/behavioral science fields.

Author: Debra G.B. Leonard
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 331919674X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 989

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Book Description
This authoritative textbook offers in-depth coverage of all aspects of molecular pathology practice and embodies the current standard in molecular testing. Since the successful first edition, new sections have been added on pharmacogenetics and genomics, while other sections have been revised and updated to reflect the rapid advances in the field. The result is a superb reference that encompasses molecular biology basics, genetics, inherited cancers, solid tumors, neoplastic hematopathology, infectious diseases, identity testing, HLA typing, laboratory management, genomics and proteomics. Throughout the text, emphasis is placed on the molecular variations being detected, the clinical usefulness of the tests and important clinical and laboratory issues. The second edition of Molecular Pathology in Clinical Practice will be an invaluable source of information for all practicing molecular pathologists and will also be of utility for other pathologists, clinical colleagues and trainees.