Author: Marne L. Campbell
Publisher: UNC Press Books
ISBN: 1469629283
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 303
Book Description
Black Los Angeles started small. The first census of the newly formed Los Angeles County in 1850 recorded only twelve Americans of African descent alongside a population of more than 3,500 Anglo Americans. Over the following seventy years, however, the African American founding families of Los Angeles forged a vibrant community within the increasingly segregated and stratified city. In this book, historian Marne L. Campbell examines the intersections of race, class, and gender to produce a social history of community formation and cultural expression in Los Angeles. Expanding on the traditional narrative of middle-class uplift, Campbell demonstrates that the black working class, largely through the efforts of women, fought to secure their own economic and social freedom by forging communal bonds with black elites and other communities of color. This women-led, black working-class agency and cross-racial community building, Campbell argues, was markedly more successful in Los Angeles than in any other region in the country. Drawing from an extensive database of all African American households between 1850 and 1910, Campbell vividly tells the story of how middle-class African Americans were able to live, work, and establish a community of their own in the growing city of Los Angeles.
Making Black Los Angeles
Author: Marne L. Campbell
Publisher: UNC Press Books
ISBN: 1469629283
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 303
Book Description
Black Los Angeles started small. The first census of the newly formed Los Angeles County in 1850 recorded only twelve Americans of African descent alongside a population of more than 3,500 Anglo Americans. Over the following seventy years, however, the African American founding families of Los Angeles forged a vibrant community within the increasingly segregated and stratified city. In this book, historian Marne L. Campbell examines the intersections of race, class, and gender to produce a social history of community formation and cultural expression in Los Angeles. Expanding on the traditional narrative of middle-class uplift, Campbell demonstrates that the black working class, largely through the efforts of women, fought to secure their own economic and social freedom by forging communal bonds with black elites and other communities of color. This women-led, black working-class agency and cross-racial community building, Campbell argues, was markedly more successful in Los Angeles than in any other region in the country. Drawing from an extensive database of all African American households between 1850 and 1910, Campbell vividly tells the story of how middle-class African Americans were able to live, work, and establish a community of their own in the growing city of Los Angeles.
Publisher: UNC Press Books
ISBN: 1469629283
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 303
Book Description
Black Los Angeles started small. The first census of the newly formed Los Angeles County in 1850 recorded only twelve Americans of African descent alongside a population of more than 3,500 Anglo Americans. Over the following seventy years, however, the African American founding families of Los Angeles forged a vibrant community within the increasingly segregated and stratified city. In this book, historian Marne L. Campbell examines the intersections of race, class, and gender to produce a social history of community formation and cultural expression in Los Angeles. Expanding on the traditional narrative of middle-class uplift, Campbell demonstrates that the black working class, largely through the efforts of women, fought to secure their own economic and social freedom by forging communal bonds with black elites and other communities of color. This women-led, black working-class agency and cross-racial community building, Campbell argues, was markedly more successful in Los Angeles than in any other region in the country. Drawing from an extensive database of all African American households between 1850 and 1910, Campbell vividly tells the story of how middle-class African Americans were able to live, work, and establish a community of their own in the growing city of Los Angeles.
Black Los Angeles
Author: Darnell M. Hunt
Publisher: NYU Press
ISBN: 0814737358
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 448
Book Description
Naráyana’s best-seller gives its reader much more than “Friendly Advice.” In one handy collection—closely related to the world-famous Pañcatantra or Five Discourses on Worldly Wisdom —numerous animal fables are interwoven with human stories, all designed to instruct wayward princes. Tales of canny procuresses compete with those of cunning crows and tigers. An intrusive ass is simply thrashed by his master, but the meddlesome monkey ends up with his testicles crushed. One prince manages to enjoy himself with a merchant’s wife with her husband’s consent, while another is kicked out of paradise by a painted image. This volume also contains the compact version of King Víkrama’s Adventures, thirty-two popular tales about a generous emperor, told by thirty-two statuettes adorning his lion-throne. Co-published by New York University Press and the JJC Foundation For more on this title and other titles in the Clay Sanskrit series, please visit http://www.claysanskritlibrary.org
Publisher: NYU Press
ISBN: 0814737358
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 448
Book Description
Naráyana’s best-seller gives its reader much more than “Friendly Advice.” In one handy collection—closely related to the world-famous Pañcatantra or Five Discourses on Worldly Wisdom —numerous animal fables are interwoven with human stories, all designed to instruct wayward princes. Tales of canny procuresses compete with those of cunning crows and tigers. An intrusive ass is simply thrashed by his master, but the meddlesome monkey ends up with his testicles crushed. One prince manages to enjoy himself with a merchant’s wife with her husband’s consent, while another is kicked out of paradise by a painted image. This volume also contains the compact version of King Víkrama’s Adventures, thirty-two popular tales about a generous emperor, told by thirty-two statuettes adorning his lion-throne. Co-published by New York University Press and the JJC Foundation For more on this title and other titles in the Clay Sanskrit series, please visit http://www.claysanskritlibrary.org
Black and Brown in Los Angeles
Author: Josh Kun
Publisher: Univ of California Press
ISBN: 0520956877
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 419
Book Description
Black and Brown in Los Angeles is a timely and wide-ranging, interdisciplinary foray into the complicated world of multiethnic Los Angeles. The first book to focus exclusively on the range of relationships and interactions between Latinas/os and African Americans in one of the most diverse cities in the United States, the book delivers supporting evidence that Los Angeles is a key place to study racial politics while also providing the basis for broader discussions of multiethnic America. Students, faculty, and interested readers will gain an understanding of the different forms of cultural borrowing and exchange that have shaped a terrain through which African Americans and Latinas/os cross paths, intersect, move in parallel tracks, and engage with a whole range of aspects of urban living. Tensions and shared intimacies are recurrent themes that emerge as the contributors seek to integrate artistic and cultural constructs with politics and economics in their goal of extending simple paradigms of conflict, cooperation, or coalition. The book features essays by historians, economists, and cultural and ethnic studies scholars, alongside contributions by photographers and journalists working in Los Angeles.
Publisher: Univ of California Press
ISBN: 0520956877
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 419
Book Description
Black and Brown in Los Angeles is a timely and wide-ranging, interdisciplinary foray into the complicated world of multiethnic Los Angeles. The first book to focus exclusively on the range of relationships and interactions between Latinas/os and African Americans in one of the most diverse cities in the United States, the book delivers supporting evidence that Los Angeles is a key place to study racial politics while also providing the basis for broader discussions of multiethnic America. Students, faculty, and interested readers will gain an understanding of the different forms of cultural borrowing and exchange that have shaped a terrain through which African Americans and Latinas/os cross paths, intersect, move in parallel tracks, and engage with a whole range of aspects of urban living. Tensions and shared intimacies are recurrent themes that emerge as the contributors seek to integrate artistic and cultural constructs with politics and economics in their goal of extending simple paradigms of conflict, cooperation, or coalition. The book features essays by historians, economists, and cultural and ethnic studies scholars, alongside contributions by photographers and journalists working in Los Angeles.
The Shifting Grounds of Race
Author: Scott Kurashige
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 1400834007
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 352
Book Description
Los Angeles has attracted intense attention as a "world city" characterized by multiculturalism and globalization. Yet, little is known about the historical transformation of a place whose leaders proudly proclaimed themselves white supremacists less than a century ago. In The Shifting Grounds of Race, Scott Kurashige highlights the role African Americans and Japanese Americans played in the social and political struggles that remade twentieth-century Los Angeles. Linking paradigmatic events like Japanese American internment and the Black civil rights movement, Kurashige transcends the usual "black/white" dichotomy to explore the multiethnic dimensions of segregation and integration. Racism and sprawl shaped the dominant image of Los Angeles as a "white city." But they simultaneously fostered a shared oppositional consciousness among Black and Japanese Americans living as neighbors within diverse urban communities. Kurashige demonstrates why African Americans and Japanese Americans joined forces in the battle against discrimination and why the trajectories of the two groups diverged. Connecting local developments to national and international concerns, he reveals how critical shifts in postwar politics were shaped by a multiracial discourse that promoted the acceptance of Japanese Americans as a "model minority" while binding African Americans to the social ills underlying the 1965 Watts Rebellion. Multicultural Los Angeles ultimately encompassed both the new prosperity arising from transpacific commerce and the enduring problem of race and class divisions. This extraordinarily ambitious book adds new depth and complexity to our understanding of the "urban crisis" and offers a window into America's multiethnic future.
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 1400834007
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 352
Book Description
Los Angeles has attracted intense attention as a "world city" characterized by multiculturalism and globalization. Yet, little is known about the historical transformation of a place whose leaders proudly proclaimed themselves white supremacists less than a century ago. In The Shifting Grounds of Race, Scott Kurashige highlights the role African Americans and Japanese Americans played in the social and political struggles that remade twentieth-century Los Angeles. Linking paradigmatic events like Japanese American internment and the Black civil rights movement, Kurashige transcends the usual "black/white" dichotomy to explore the multiethnic dimensions of segregation and integration. Racism and sprawl shaped the dominant image of Los Angeles as a "white city." But they simultaneously fostered a shared oppositional consciousness among Black and Japanese Americans living as neighbors within diverse urban communities. Kurashige demonstrates why African Americans and Japanese Americans joined forces in the battle against discrimination and why the trajectories of the two groups diverged. Connecting local developments to national and international concerns, he reveals how critical shifts in postwar politics were shaped by a multiracial discourse that promoted the acceptance of Japanese Americans as a "model minority" while binding African Americans to the social ills underlying the 1965 Watts Rebellion. Multicultural Los Angeles ultimately encompassed both the new prosperity arising from transpacific commerce and the enduring problem of race and class divisions. This extraordinarily ambitious book adds new depth and complexity to our understanding of the "urban crisis" and offers a window into America's multiethnic future.
Ghettoside
Author: Jill Leovy
Publisher: One World/Ballantine
ISBN: 0385529988
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 386
Book Description
"Discusses the hundreds of murders that occur in Los Angeles each year, and focuses on the story of the dedicated group of detectives who pursued justice at any cost in the killing of Bryant Tennelle"--Publisher's description.
Publisher: One World/Ballantine
ISBN: 0385529988
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 386
Book Description
"Discusses the hundreds of murders that occur in Los Angeles each year, and focuses on the story of the dedicated group of detectives who pursued justice at any cost in the killing of Bryant Tennelle"--Publisher's description.
L.A. Rebellion
Author: Allyson Field
Publisher: Univ of California Press
ISBN: 0520960432
Category : Performing Arts
Languages : en
Pages : 483
Book Description
L.A. Rebellion: Creating a New Black Cinema is the first book dedicated to the films and filmmakers of the L.A. Rebellion, a group of African, Caribbean, and African American independent film and video artists that formed at the University of California, Los Angeles, in the 1970s and 1980s. The group—including Charles Burnett, Julie Dash, Haile Gerima, Billy Woodberry, Jamaa Fanaka, and Zeinabu irene Davis—shared a desire to create alternatives to the dominant modes of narrative, style, and practice in American cinema, works that reflected the full complexity of Black experiences. This landmark collection of essays and oral histories examines the creative output of the L.A. Rebellion, contextualizing the group's film practices and offering sustained analyses of the wide range of works, with particular attention to newly discovered films and lesser-known filmmakers. Based on extensive archival work and preservation, this collection includes a complete filmography of the movement, over 100 illustrations (most of which are previously unpublished), and a bibliography of primary and secondary materials. This is an indispensible sourcebook for scholars and enthusiasts, establishing the key role played by the L.A. Rebellion within the histories of cinema, Black visual culture, and postwar art in Los Angeles.
Publisher: Univ of California Press
ISBN: 0520960432
Category : Performing Arts
Languages : en
Pages : 483
Book Description
L.A. Rebellion: Creating a New Black Cinema is the first book dedicated to the films and filmmakers of the L.A. Rebellion, a group of African, Caribbean, and African American independent film and video artists that formed at the University of California, Los Angeles, in the 1970s and 1980s. The group—including Charles Burnett, Julie Dash, Haile Gerima, Billy Woodberry, Jamaa Fanaka, and Zeinabu irene Davis—shared a desire to create alternatives to the dominant modes of narrative, style, and practice in American cinema, works that reflected the full complexity of Black experiences. This landmark collection of essays and oral histories examines the creative output of the L.A. Rebellion, contextualizing the group's film practices and offering sustained analyses of the wide range of works, with particular attention to newly discovered films and lesser-known filmmakers. Based on extensive archival work and preservation, this collection includes a complete filmography of the movement, over 100 illustrations (most of which are previously unpublished), and a bibliography of primary and secondary materials. This is an indispensible sourcebook for scholars and enthusiasts, establishing the key role played by the L.A. Rebellion within the histories of cinema, Black visual culture, and postwar art in Los Angeles.
Making Black Los Angeles
Author: Marne L. Campbell
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781469629292
Category : African Americans
Languages : en
Pages : 303
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781469629292
Category : African Americans
Languages : en
Pages : 303
Book Description
Making Black Lives Matter
Author: Kevin Cokley
Publisher: Cognella Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9781793556233
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Download your free digital copy of Making Black Lives Matter: Confronting Anti-Black Racism! At the heart of racist attitudes and behaviors is anti-Black racism, which simply put, is the disregard and disdain of Black life. Anti-Black racism negatively impacts every aspect of the lives of Black people. Edited by renowned scholar and psychologist Kevin Cokley, Making Black Lives Matter: Confronting Anti-Black Racism explores the history and contemporary circumstances of anti-Black racism, offers powerful personal anecdotes, and provides recommendations and solutions to challenging anti-Black racism in its various expressions. The book features chapters written by scholars, practitioners, activists, and students. The chapters reflect diverse perspectives from the Black community and writing styles that range from scholarly text supported by cited research to personal narratives that highlight the lived experiences of the contributors. The book focuses on the ways that anti-Black racism manifests and has been confronted across various domains of Black life using research, activism, social media, and therapy. In the words of Cokley: "It is my hope that the book will provide a blueprint for readers that will empower them to actively confront anti-Blackness wherever it exists, because this is the only way we will progress toward making Black lives matter." Making Black Lives Matter is a book that is meant to be shared! The goal for Cognella for publishing this book is to amplify the voices of those who need to be heard and to provide readers free access to critical scholarship on topics that affect our everyday lives. We''re proud to provide free digital copies of the book to anyone who wants to read it. So, we encourage you to spread the word and share the book with everyone you know. Learn more about Making Black Lives Matter: Confronting Anti-Black Racism! If you post about the book on social media, please use the hashtags #MakingBlackLivesMatter and #Cognella to join the conversation! Chapters and contributors include: Introduction - Kevin Cokley, Ph.D. Part I - Activism Chapter 1: "Historical Overview of the Black Struggle: Factors Affecting African American Activism" - Benson G. Cooke, Edwin J. Nichols, Schuyler C. Webb, Steven J. Jones, and Nia N. Williams Chapter 2: "Facilitating Black Survival and Wellness through Scholar-Activism" - Della V. Mosley, Pearis Bellamy, Garrett Ross, Jeannette Mejia, LaNya Lee, Carla Prieto, and Sunshine Adam Chapter 3: "Confronting Anti-Black Racism and Promoting Social Justice: Applications through Social Media" - Erlanger A. Turner, Maryam Jernigan-Noesi, and Isha Metzger Chapter 4: "#Say Her Name: The Impact of Gendered Racism and Misogynoir on the Lives of Black Women" - Jioni A. Lewis Part II - Public Policy Chapter 5: "A Tale of Three Cities: Segregation and Anti-Black Education Policy in Los Angeles, Chicago, and Austin" - Annika Olson Chapter 6: "Policing the Black Diaspora: Colonial Histories and Global Inequities in Policing and Carceral Punishment" - Ricardo Henrique Lowe, Jr. Chapter 7: "Building Health Equity among Black Young People with Lived Experience of Homelessness" - Norweeta G. Milburn and Dawn T. Bounds Chapter 8: "Anti-Blackness and Housing Inequality in the United States: A History of Housing Discrimination in Major Metropolitan Cities" - Tracie A. Lowe Part III - Community Voices Chapter 9: "Values-Driven, Community-Led Justice in Austin: A Project" - Sukyi McMahon and Chas Moore Chapter 10: "Leveraging the Power of Education to Confront Anti-Black Racism" - David W. Nowlin, Robert Muhammad, and Llyas Salahud-din Chapter 11: "Let the Òrìṣà Speak: Traditional Healing for Contemporary Times" - Ifetayo I. Ojelade Chapter 12: "The Victorious Mind: Addressing the Black Male in a Time of Turmoil" - Rico Mosby Part IV - Student Voices Chapter 13: "Unsung, Underpaid, and Unafraid: Black Graduate Students'' Response To Academic and Social Anti-Blackness" - Marlon Bailey, Shaina Hall, Carly Coleman, and Nolan Krueger Chapter 14: "To Be Young, Gifted, and Black" - Marlie Harris, Mercedes Holmes, Kuukuwa Koomson, and Brianna McBride Chapter 15: "From Segregation and Disinclusion: The Anti-Black Experience of Graduate School" - Keoshia Harris and TaShara Williams Read the press release to learn more about Making Black Lives Matter: Confronting Anti-Black Racism.
Publisher: Cognella Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9781793556233
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Download your free digital copy of Making Black Lives Matter: Confronting Anti-Black Racism! At the heart of racist attitudes and behaviors is anti-Black racism, which simply put, is the disregard and disdain of Black life. Anti-Black racism negatively impacts every aspect of the lives of Black people. Edited by renowned scholar and psychologist Kevin Cokley, Making Black Lives Matter: Confronting Anti-Black Racism explores the history and contemporary circumstances of anti-Black racism, offers powerful personal anecdotes, and provides recommendations and solutions to challenging anti-Black racism in its various expressions. The book features chapters written by scholars, practitioners, activists, and students. The chapters reflect diverse perspectives from the Black community and writing styles that range from scholarly text supported by cited research to personal narratives that highlight the lived experiences of the contributors. The book focuses on the ways that anti-Black racism manifests and has been confronted across various domains of Black life using research, activism, social media, and therapy. In the words of Cokley: "It is my hope that the book will provide a blueprint for readers that will empower them to actively confront anti-Blackness wherever it exists, because this is the only way we will progress toward making Black lives matter." Making Black Lives Matter is a book that is meant to be shared! The goal for Cognella for publishing this book is to amplify the voices of those who need to be heard and to provide readers free access to critical scholarship on topics that affect our everyday lives. We''re proud to provide free digital copies of the book to anyone who wants to read it. So, we encourage you to spread the word and share the book with everyone you know. Learn more about Making Black Lives Matter: Confronting Anti-Black Racism! If you post about the book on social media, please use the hashtags #MakingBlackLivesMatter and #Cognella to join the conversation! Chapters and contributors include: Introduction - Kevin Cokley, Ph.D. Part I - Activism Chapter 1: "Historical Overview of the Black Struggle: Factors Affecting African American Activism" - Benson G. Cooke, Edwin J. Nichols, Schuyler C. Webb, Steven J. Jones, and Nia N. Williams Chapter 2: "Facilitating Black Survival and Wellness through Scholar-Activism" - Della V. Mosley, Pearis Bellamy, Garrett Ross, Jeannette Mejia, LaNya Lee, Carla Prieto, and Sunshine Adam Chapter 3: "Confronting Anti-Black Racism and Promoting Social Justice: Applications through Social Media" - Erlanger A. Turner, Maryam Jernigan-Noesi, and Isha Metzger Chapter 4: "#Say Her Name: The Impact of Gendered Racism and Misogynoir on the Lives of Black Women" - Jioni A. Lewis Part II - Public Policy Chapter 5: "A Tale of Three Cities: Segregation and Anti-Black Education Policy in Los Angeles, Chicago, and Austin" - Annika Olson Chapter 6: "Policing the Black Diaspora: Colonial Histories and Global Inequities in Policing and Carceral Punishment" - Ricardo Henrique Lowe, Jr. Chapter 7: "Building Health Equity among Black Young People with Lived Experience of Homelessness" - Norweeta G. Milburn and Dawn T. Bounds Chapter 8: "Anti-Blackness and Housing Inequality in the United States: A History of Housing Discrimination in Major Metropolitan Cities" - Tracie A. Lowe Part III - Community Voices Chapter 9: "Values-Driven, Community-Led Justice in Austin: A Project" - Sukyi McMahon and Chas Moore Chapter 10: "Leveraging the Power of Education to Confront Anti-Black Racism" - David W. Nowlin, Robert Muhammad, and Llyas Salahud-din Chapter 11: "Let the Òrìṣà Speak: Traditional Healing for Contemporary Times" - Ifetayo I. Ojelade Chapter 12: "The Victorious Mind: Addressing the Black Male in a Time of Turmoil" - Rico Mosby Part IV - Student Voices Chapter 13: "Unsung, Underpaid, and Unafraid: Black Graduate Students'' Response To Academic and Social Anti-Blackness" - Marlon Bailey, Shaina Hall, Carly Coleman, and Nolan Krueger Chapter 14: "To Be Young, Gifted, and Black" - Marlie Harris, Mercedes Holmes, Kuukuwa Koomson, and Brianna McBride Chapter 15: "From Segregation and Disinclusion: The Anti-Black Experience of Graduate School" - Keoshia Harris and TaShara Williams Read the press release to learn more about Making Black Lives Matter: Confronting Anti-Black Racism.
Bohemian Los Angeles
Author: Daniel Hurewitz
Publisher: Univ of California Press
ISBN: 0520256239
Category : Art
Languages : en
Pages : 380
Book Description
Historian Hurewitz brings to life a vibrant and all-but-forgotten milieu of artists, leftists, and gay men and women whose story played out over the first half of the twentieth century and continues to shape the entire American landscape. In a hidden corner of Los Angeles, the personal first became the political, the nation's first enduring gay rights movement emerged, and the broad spectrum of what we now think of as identity politics was born. Portraying life over more than forty years in the hilly enclave of Edendale (now part of Silver Lake), Hurewitz considers the work of painters and printmakers, looks inside the Communist Party's intimate cultural scene, and examines the social world of gay men. He discovers why and how these communities, inspiring both one another and the city as a whole, transformed American notions of political identity with their ideas about self-expression, political engagement, and race relations.--From publisher description.
Publisher: Univ of California Press
ISBN: 0520256239
Category : Art
Languages : en
Pages : 380
Book Description
Historian Hurewitz brings to life a vibrant and all-but-forgotten milieu of artists, leftists, and gay men and women whose story played out over the first half of the twentieth century and continues to shape the entire American landscape. In a hidden corner of Los Angeles, the personal first became the political, the nation's first enduring gay rights movement emerged, and the broad spectrum of what we now think of as identity politics was born. Portraying life over more than forty years in the hilly enclave of Edendale (now part of Silver Lake), Hurewitz considers the work of painters and printmakers, looks inside the Communist Party's intimate cultural scene, and examines the social world of gay men. He discovers why and how these communities, inspiring both one another and the city as a whole, transformed American notions of political identity with their ideas about self-expression, political engagement, and race relations.--From publisher description.
Seeking El Dorado
Author: Lawrence B. de Graaf
Publisher: University of Washington Press
ISBN: 0295805315
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 557
Book Description
From the 18th century, African Americans, like many others, have migrated to California to seek fortunes or, often, the more modest goals of being able to find work, own a home, and raise a family relatively free of discrimination. Not only their search but also its outcome is covered in Seeking El Dorado. Whether they settled in major cities or smaller towns, African Americans created institutions and organizations—churches, social clubs, literary societies, fraternal orders, civil rights organizations—that embodied the legacy of their past and the values they shared. Blacks came in search of the same jobs as other Americans, but the search often proved frustrating. Throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, African American leadership in the state consistently focused on achieving racial justice. The essays in this book speak of triumph and hardship, success, discrimination, and disappointment. Seeking El Dorado is a major contribution to black history and the history of the American West and will be of interest to both scholars and general readers.
Publisher: University of Washington Press
ISBN: 0295805315
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 557
Book Description
From the 18th century, African Americans, like many others, have migrated to California to seek fortunes or, often, the more modest goals of being able to find work, own a home, and raise a family relatively free of discrimination. Not only their search but also its outcome is covered in Seeking El Dorado. Whether they settled in major cities or smaller towns, African Americans created institutions and organizations—churches, social clubs, literary societies, fraternal orders, civil rights organizations—that embodied the legacy of their past and the values they shared. Blacks came in search of the same jobs as other Americans, but the search often proved frustrating. Throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, African American leadership in the state consistently focused on achieving racial justice. The essays in this book speak of triumph and hardship, success, discrimination, and disappointment. Seeking El Dorado is a major contribution to black history and the history of the American West and will be of interest to both scholars and general readers.