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Author: Jimmy Ma Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Substance use is associated with lower antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and subsequent negative effects on HIV suppression. We examined longitudinal associations of substance use severity and number of substances used with ART adherence in the current ART era. We evaluated all adult people with HIV (PWH) in the Centers for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Sites cohort with ≥2 self-reported ART adherence measurements in 2010-2021. Participants completed longitudinal assessments for substance use severity (modified AUDIT-C [alcohol]; modified ASSIST [marijuana, illicit drugs including methamphetamine, cocaine/crack, illicit opioids]) and ART adherence (visual analog scale). Adjusted linear mixed models were used to examine longitudinal associations of ART adherence with time-varying substance use severity and number of substances used. Among 10557 PWH in care, alcohol (68%) and marijuana (33%) were the most reported substances; methamphetamine (9%) was the most reported illicit drug; and polysubstance use was common (32% ≥2 substances). More severe substance use across all substances and higher self-reported number of substances used were associated with lower ART adherence. Methamphetamine use was associated with the greatest declines in adherence ranging from 3.05% with low severity use (95% confidence interval [CI] -4.23, -1.87) to 10.77% with high severity use (95% CI -12.76, -8.78). Severe substance use among PWH, especially methamphetamine, was associated with meaningful declines in adherence in the modern era of ART. Our findings warrant expansion of multidisciplinary, integrated care models and further research into new therapies, especially for methamphetamine, to improve ART adherence and downstream HIV outcomes.
Author: Jimmy Ma Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Substance use is associated with lower antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and subsequent negative effects on HIV suppression. We examined longitudinal associations of substance use severity and number of substances used with ART adherence in the current ART era. We evaluated all adult people with HIV (PWH) in the Centers for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Sites cohort with ≥2 self-reported ART adherence measurements in 2010-2021. Participants completed longitudinal assessments for substance use severity (modified AUDIT-C [alcohol]; modified ASSIST [marijuana, illicit drugs including methamphetamine, cocaine/crack, illicit opioids]) and ART adherence (visual analog scale). Adjusted linear mixed models were used to examine longitudinal associations of ART adherence with time-varying substance use severity and number of substances used. Among 10557 PWH in care, alcohol (68%) and marijuana (33%) were the most reported substances; methamphetamine (9%) was the most reported illicit drug; and polysubstance use was common (32% ≥2 substances). More severe substance use across all substances and higher self-reported number of substances used were associated with lower ART adherence. Methamphetamine use was associated with the greatest declines in adherence ranging from 3.05% with low severity use (95% confidence interval [CI] -4.23, -1.87) to 10.77% with high severity use (95% CI -12.76, -8.78). Severe substance use among PWH, especially methamphetamine, was associated with meaningful declines in adherence in the modern era of ART. Our findings warrant expansion of multidisciplinary, integrated care models and further research into new therapies, especially for methamphetamine, to improve ART adherence and downstream HIV outcomes.
Author: Michael H. Antoni Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0190450029 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 144
Book Description
Living with HIV can be stressful, which can affect both your emotional and physical well-being. You may feel a loss of control over your life, socially isolated, or anxious and depressed. Studies have shown that prolonged stress can negatively impact the immune system, making it less effective in fighting illness. If you are concerned about the impact stress has on your life and on your health, this book can help you learn to relax and manage stress more effectively. This book presents a group treatment program that has been scientifically proven to reduce stress in individuals living with HIV. Written by the developers of this groundbreaking program, this workbook is based on the principles of Cognitive-Behavioral Stress Management (CBSM). You will learn a variety of relaxation techniques, all designed to help you reduce tension and stress. As you become more aware of stress and its effects, stress management skills will increase your ability to cope. This workbook comes complete with user-friendly monitoring forms and homework exercises designed to help reinforce the skills learned in group. It also includes instructions for relaxation practice that will remain useful long after you've completed the program. Used in conjunction with the group program described in the corresponding facilitator guide, this workbook will help you successfully manage stress and lead a more healthy life. TreatmentsThatWorkTM represents the gold standard of behavioral healthcare interventions! · All programs have been rigorously tested in clinical trials and are backed by years of research · A prestigious scientific advisory board, led by series Editor-In-Chief David H. Barlow, reviews and evaluates each intervention to ensure that it meets the highest standard of evidence so you can be confident that you are using the most effective treatment available to date · Our books are reliable and effective and make it easy for you to provide your clients with the best care available · Our corresponding workbooks contain psychoeducational information, forms and worksheets, and homework assignments to keep clients engaged and motivated · A companion website (www.oup.com/us/ttw) offers downloadable clinical tools and helpful resources · Continuing Education (CE) Credits are now available on select titles in collaboration with PsychoEducational Resources, Inc. (PER)
Author: Poul Rohleder Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1441903062 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 396
Book Description
Much has happened since the first appearance of AIDS in 1981: it has been identified, studied, and occasionally denied. The virus has shifted host populations and spread globally. Medicine, the social sciences, and world governments have joined forces to combat and prevent the disease. And South Africa has emerged as ground zero for the pandemic. The editors of HIV/AIDS in South Africa 25 Years On present the South African crisis as a template for addressing the myriad issues surrounding the epidemic worldwide, as the book brings together a widely scattered body of literature, analyzes psychosocial and sexual aspects contributing to HIV transmission and prevention, and delves into complex intersections of race, gender, class, and politics. Including largely overlooked populations and issues (e.g., prisoners, persons with disabilities, stigma), as well as challenges shaping future research and policy, the contributors approach their topics with rare depth, meticulous research, carefully drawn conclusions, and profound compassion. Among the topics covered: The relationship between HIV and poverty, starting from the question, "Which is the determinant and which is the consequence?" Epidemiology of HIV among women and men: concepts of femininity and masculinity, and gender inequities as they affect HIV risk; gender-specific prevention and intervention strategies. The impact of AIDS on infants and young children: risk and protective factors; care of children by HIV-positive mothers; HIV-infected children. Current prevention and treatment projects, including local-level responses, community-based work, and VCT (voluntary counseling and testing) programs. New directions: promoting circumcision, vaccine trials, "positive prevention." South Africa’s history of AIDS denialism. The urgent lessons in this book apply both globally and locally, making HIV/AIDS in South Africa 25 Years On uniquely instructive and useful for professionals working in HIV/AIDS and global public health.
Author: George W. Noblit Publisher: SAGE ISBN: 9780803930230 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 112
Book Description
How can ethnographic studies be generalized, in contrast to concentrating on the individual case? Noblit and Hare propose a new method for synthesizing from qualitative studies: meta-ethnography. After citing the criteria to be used in comparing qualitative research projects, the authors define the ways these can then be aggregated to create more cogent syntheses of research. Using examples from numerous studies ranging from ethnographic work in educational settings to the Mead-Freeman controversy over Samoan youth, Meta-Ethnography offers useful procedural advice from both comparative and cumulative analyses of qualitative data. This provocative volume will be read with interest by researchers and students in qualitative research methods, ethnography, education, sociology, and anthropology. "After defining metaphor and synthesis, these authors provide a step-by-step program that will allow the researcher to show similarity (reciprocal translation), difference (refutation), or similarity at a higher level (lines or argument synthesis) among sample studies....Contain(s) valuable strategies at a seldom-used level of analysis." --Contemporary Sociology "The authors made an important contribution by reframing how we think of ethnography comparison in a way that is compatible with the new developments in interpretive ethnography. Meta-Ethnography is well worth consulting for the problem definition it offers." --The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease "This book had to be written and I am pleased it was. Someone needed to break the ice and offer a strategy for summarizing multiple ethnographic studies. Noblit and Hare have done a commendable job of giving the research community one approach for doing so. Further, no one else can now venture into this area of synthesizing qualitative studies without making references to and positioning themselves vis-a-vis this volume." -Educational Studies
Author: World Health Organization Publisher: ISBN: 9789241549684 Category : AIDS (Disease) Languages : en Pages : 429
Book Description
These guidelines provide guidance on the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the use of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection and the care of people living with HIV. They are structured along the continuum of HIV testing, prevention, treatment and care. This edition updates the 2013 consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs following an extensive review of evidence and consultations in mid-2015, shared at the end of 2015, and now published in full in 2016. It is being published in a changing global context for HIV and for health more broadly.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309486483 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 175
Book Description
The opioid crisis in the United States has come about because of excessive use of these drugs for both legal and illicit purposes and unprecedented levels of consequent opioid use disorder (OUD). More than 2 million people in the United States are estimated to have OUD, which is caused by prolonged use of prescription opioids, heroin, or other illicit opioids. OUD is a life-threatening condition associated with a 20-fold greater risk of early death due to overdose, infectious diseases, trauma, and suicide. Mortality related to OUD continues to escalate as this public health crisis gathers momentum across the country, with opioid overdoses killing more than 47,000 people in 2017 in the United States. Efforts to date have made no real headway in stemming this crisis, in large part because tools that already existâ€"like evidence-based medicationsâ€"are not being deployed to maximum impact. To support the dissemination of accurate patient-focused information about treatments for addiction, and to help provide scientific solutions to the current opioid crisis, this report studies the evidence base on medication assisted treatment (MAT) for OUD. It examines available evidence on the range of parameters and circumstances in which MAT can be effectively delivered and identifies additional research needed.
Author: Jeffrey M. Seibert Publisher: U of Nebraska Press ISBN: 9780803241862 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 264
Book Description
The report of the American Psychological Association task force on pediatric AIDS. It addresses a wide range of medical, psychological, social, legal, and ethical issues confronting young patients and their families.
Author: Jean R. Anderson Publisher: DIANE Publishing Inc. ISBN: 9780160726118 Category : Health & Fitness Languages : en Pages : 636
Book Description
NOTE: NO FURTHER DISCOUNT FOR THIS PRODUCT ITEM -OVERSRTOCK SALE-- Significantly reduced price. Edited by Jean R. Anderson. This guide addresses the health care needs unique to women with HIV. It targets clinicians who provide primary care to women as well as those seeking an understanding of how to take care of women with HIV/AIDS. This guide includes tables, figures, color plates, resources, references, and indices. This 2005 edition includes new chapters on international issues and nutrition. Edge indexed."
Author: Jimmy Ma
Author: Jimmy Ma
Author: Michael H. Antoni
Author: Thomas J. Hope
Author: 
Author: Poul Rohleder
Author: George W. Noblit
Author: World Health Organization
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: Jeffrey M. Seibert
Author: Jean R. Anderson