Author: I. P. AbrolPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 171
Book Description
Long-term Soil Fertility Experiments in Rice-wheat Cropping Systems
Author: I. P. AbrolLong-term Soil Fertility Experiments in Rice-wheat Cropping Systems
Author: The Rice-Wheat Cropping System of South Asia
Author: Palit KatakiPublisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781560220855
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 162
Book Description
The lives of more than a billion people depend on the answer! Thirty years ago, the Green Revolution changed the way agriculture was practiced on the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP). This valuable book critically analyzes and discusses the rice-wheat cropping system introduced at that time. The Rice-Wheat Cropping System of South Asia: Trends, Constraints, Productivity and Policy addresses the crucial question, ”Are the sustainability and productivity of this system in a state of decline?” The Rice-Wheat Cropping System of South Asia brings together information gathered from research institutions, government organizations, and farmer surveys. The analysis concentrates on the trends of rice-wheat cropping over time, paying special attention to the evidence of-and reasons for-changes in productivity. It also analyzes the impact of this regional system on soil fertility and water supplies, as well as the increasing demands for new and better fertilizers and pesticides. The Rice-Wheat Cropping System of South Asia looks at the problems that have arisen for both the rice and wheat phases, including: the need for changes in crop establishment techniques for crop diversification declining soil fertility changes in pest populations a host of water-management issues the need for policy redirection to sustain productivity growth the impact of global climate change sustainable improvements in productivity This informative book is an essential planning tool for agronomists, policymakers, and agroeconomists. It is also a useful reference for anyone interested in the problems of famine and intensive cropping not only in South Asia but in the world.
Improving the Productivity and Sustainability of Rice-Wheat Systems of the Indo-Gangetic Plains: A Synthesis of NARS-IRRI Partnership Research
Author: Publisher: Int. Rice Res. Inst.
ISBN: 9712201449
Category : National agricultural research systems
Languages : en
Pages : 35
Book Description
Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics in Flooded Soils
Author: G. J. D. KirkPublisher: Int. Rice Res. Inst.
ISBN: 9712201406
Category : Rice
Languages : en
Pages : 195
Book Description
Long-term Effects of Rice Rotation, Tillage, and Fertility on Near-surface Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Cycling
Author: Jill Marie MotschenbacherPublisher:
ISBN: 9781267813381
Category : Crop rotation
Languages : en
Pages : 524
Book Description
Rice (Oryza sativa L.)-based cropping systems are different from other row crops due to the flood-irrigation scheme used from about one month after planting to a few weeks prior to harvest. The frequent cycling between anaerobic (i.e., flooding during the growing season) and aerobic (i.e., generally, the remainder of the year) conditions can influence the rate of soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition, which can greatly influence carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) storage and sequestration in the soil over time. Therefore, a study was conducted on a silt-loam soil (fine, smectitic, thermic, Typic Albaqualf) at the Rice Research and Extension Center near Stuttgart, which is in the Mississippi River Delta region of eastern Arkansas, to evaluate the long-term effects of rice-based crop rotations [with corn (Zea mays L.), soybean (Glycine max L.), and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)], tillage [conventional-tillage and no-tillage (NT)], soil fertility (optimal and sub-optimal), and soil depth (0- to 10- and 10- to 20-cm) after 12 years (1999-2011) of consistent management on SOM, total and water-stable aggregate (WSA) C, total and WSA N, soil physical properties (WSA structure, bulk density, penetration resistance), soil chemical properties (Mehlich-3 extractable nutrients, pH, and electrical conductivity), and soil surface carbon dioxide (CO2) respiration. Results showed that SOM, total C, and total N concentrations increased over time under the NT treatment and in all rotations that did not include corn in the top 10 cm, but were not affected by the fertility treatment applied. The NT/0- to 5-cm treatment combination had 3 to 6 times greater WSA C and N content than all other tillage-depth combinations in the top 10 cm, which did not differ among one another. Despite rotation trends in total C and N, rotations with increased frequencies of corn generally had greater WSA C and N contents compared to rotations with wheat. However, there were no consistently significant differences in soil surface CO2 flux between tillage treatments and/or among crop rotations after 10- and 11-years of imposed treatment combinations. Results from this long-term experiment suggest that rice rotated with a higher-residue-producing crop, such as corn, may lead to greater C and N sequestration for longer periods of time due to the aggregated form that is predominantly present in the soil. It appears that the management practices of NT and high-residue-producing crop rotations establish a new, greater soil C content equilibrium over time. This long-term research study is important because the results enable a greater understanding of the decadal effects that rice-based crop rotations and conservation management practices have on the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil, which in turn, provides insight to the longer-term sustainability of these systems so that they can remain highly productive without detrimental effects to the environment and the soil resource.
METHODS OF SOIL ANALYSIS
Author: C.A. BLACKEstimation of Available Phosphorus in Soils by Extraction with Sodium Bicarbonate
Author: Sterling Robertson OlsenPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Soils
Languages : en
Pages : 20
Book Description
Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) in a Sustainable Rice-Wheat Cropping System
Author: Anil MahajanPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402098758
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 277
Book Description
Agriculture is the main occupation in India and about 75% of its population depends directly or indirectly on agriculture for their livelihood. It is the dominant sector that contributes 18% of the gross domestic product. Thus, agriculture is the foundation of the Indian economy. The maximum share of Indian exports is also from the agriculture sector. As the population of the country is increasing trem- dously, approximately at the rate of 19 million every year over the existing popu- tion of more than 1 billion (approximately 1. 18 billion), the food grain production must necessarily be increased. This can be done by increasing crop production to match the population growth rate of 2. 2% per annum, which is expected to stabilize at 1. 53 billion around 2050. There is no doubt that the Green Revolution in India during the late 1960s brought self-sufficiency in food grain production, mainly through the increase in rice and wheat crop yields – the two main crops of the country which play an important role from food security point of view. However, the excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides, and the neglect of organic manures for these crops, has resulted in the deterioration of physical, chemical and biological health of the ri- and wheat-growing soils. Owing to the deterioration of the health of these soils, the productivity of the rice–wheat cropping system has now either got reduced or in some places has become constant for the last decade.
Plant Competition in Cropping Systems
Author: Daniel DuneaPublisher:
ISBN: 1789843413
Category : Cropping systems
Languages : en
Pages : 104
Book Description