Long Life Nickel Electrodes for Nickel-Hydrogen Cells: Fiber Substrates Nickel Electrodes PDF Download

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 38

View

Book Description

Author: H. S. Lim
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 14

View

Book Description

Author: National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa
Publisher: Independently Published
ISBN: 9781723736056
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 38

View

Book Description
Samples of nickel fiber mat electrodes were investigated over a wide range of fiber diameters, electrode thickness, porosity and active material loading levels. Thickness' were 0.040, 0.060 and 0.080 inches for the plaque: fiber diameters were primarily 2, 4, and 8 micron and porosity was 85, 90, and 95%. Capacities of 3.5 in. diameter electrodes were determined in the flooded condition with both 26 and 31% potassium hydroxide solution. These capacity tests indicated that the highest capacities per unit weight were obtained at the 90% porosity level with a 4 micron diameter fiber plaque. It appeared that the thinner electrodes had somewhat better performance, consistent with sintered electrode history. Limited testing with two-positive-electrode boiler plate cells was also carried out. Considerable difficulty with constructing the cells was encountered with short circuits the major problem. Nevertheless, four cells were tested. The cell with 95% porosity electrodes failed during conditioning cycling due to high voltage during charge. Discharge showed that this cell had lost nearly all of its capacity. The other three cells after 20 conditioning cycles showed capacities consistent with the flooded capacities of the electrodes. Positive electrodes made from fiber substrates may well show a weight advantage of standard sintered electrodes, but need considerably more work to prove this statement. A major problem to be investigated is the lower strength of the substrate compared to standard sintered electrodes. Problems with welding of leads were significant and implications that the electrodes would expand more than sintered electrodes need to be investigated. Loading levels were lower than had been expected based on sintered electrode experiences and the lower loading led to lower capacity values. However, lower loading causes less expansion and contraction during cycling so that stress on the substrate is reduced.Rogers, Howard H.Glenn Research CenterFIBERS; SUBSTRATE

Author: Albert H. Zimmerman
Publisher: Aerospace Corporation
ISBN: 9781884989209
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 495

View

Book Description
Nickel-hydrogen battery cells provide one of the longest-lived and most reliable rechargeable battery systems ever developed. The Aerospace Corporation was instrumental in the research, development, and testing of such batteries. Primarily developed for use in satellite and space power systems, their exceptionally long life was well worth the high cost associated with the technology, and they rapidly replaced most of the nickel-cadmium batteries used in earlier satellites. This book provides the reader with an in-depth view of nickel-hydrogen cell technology: how it was developed, how and why it works, how to implement it and realize its ultimate capability, and what can go wrong if it is not properly managed.

Author: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781725040267
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 30

View

Book Description
This paper on nickel hydrogen batteries is an overview of the various nickel hydrogen battery design options, technical accomplishments, validation test results and trends. There is more than one nickel hydrogen battery design, each having its advantage for specific applications. The major battery designs are individual pressure vessel (IPV), common pressure vessel (CPV), bipolar and low pressure metal hydride. State-of-the-art (SOA) nickel hydrogen batteries are replacing nickel cadmium batteries in almost all geosynchronous orbit (GEO) applications requiring power above 1 kW. However, for the more severe low earth orbit (LEO) applications (greater than 30,000 cycles), the current cycle life of 4000 to 10,000 cycles at 60 percent DOD should be improved. A NASA Lewis Research Center innovative advanced design IPV nickel hydrogen cell led to a breakthrough in cycle life enabling LEO applications at deep depths of discharge (DOD). A trend for some future satellites is to increase the power level to greater than 6 kW. Another trend is to decrease the power to less than 1 kW for small low cost satellites. Hence, the challenge is to reduce battery mass, volume and cost. A key is to develop a light weight nickel electrode and alternate battery designs. A common pressure vessel (CPV) nickel hydrogen battery is emerging as a viable alternative to the IPV design. It has the advantage of reduced mass, volume and manufacturing costs. A 10 Ah CPV battery has successfully provided power on the relatively short lived Clementine Spacecraft. A bipolar nickel hydrogen battery design has been demonstrated (15,000 LEO cycles, 40 percent DOD). The advantage is also a significant reduction in volume, a modest reduction in mass, and like most bipolar designs, features a high pulse power capability. A low pressure aerospace nickel metal hydride battery cell has been developed and is on the market. It is a prismatic design which has the advantage of a significant reduction in volume and a ...

Author: Lawrence H. Thaller
Publisher: AIAA
ISBN: 9781884989131
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 212

View

Book Description
The review and analysis reported here are the outcomes of a project carried out from 1998-2001 within the Energy Technology Department of the The Aerospace Corporation to examine the available results of different nickel-hydrogen life testing programs that had been or were being carried out for low Earth orbit (LEO) applications. The cycling programs, some of which are still in progress, were conducted under different sponsorships and carried out at different testing facilities.

Author: Farschad Torabi
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128165952
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 430

View

Book Description
Simulation of Battery Systems: Fundamentals and Applications covers both the fundamental and technical aspects of battery systems. It is a solid reference on the simulation of battery dynamics based on fundamental governing equations of porous electrodes. Sections cover the fundamentals of electrochemistry and how to obtain electrochemical governing equations for porous electrodes, the governing equations and physical characteristics of lead-acid batteries, the physical characteristics of zinc-silver oxide batteries, experimental tests and parameters necessary for simulation and validation of battery dynamics, and an environmental impact and techno-economic assessment of battery systems for different applications, such as electric vehicles and battery energy storage. The book contains introductory information, with most chapters requiring a solid background in engineering or applied science. Battery industrial companies who want to improve their industrial batteries will also find this book useful. Includes carefully selected in-text problems, case studies and illustrative examples Features representative chapter-end problems, along with practical systems and applications Covers various numerical methods, including those based on CFD and optimization, also including free codes and databases

Author: Lawrence H. Thaller
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nickel-hydrogen batteries
Languages : en
Pages : 50

View

Book Description

Author: James D. Dunlop
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Batteries (Ordnance)
Languages : en
Pages : 482

View

Book Description

Author: Jürgen Garche
Publisher: Newnes
ISBN: 0444527451
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 4532

View

Book Description
The Encyclopedia of Electrochemical Power Sources is a truly interdisciplinary reference for those working with batteries, fuel cells, electrolyzers, supercapacitors, and photo-electrochemical cells. With a focus on the environmental and economic impact of electrochemical power sources, this five-volume work consolidates coverage of the field and serves as an entry point to the literature for professionals and students alike. Covers the main types of power sources, including their operating principles, systems, materials, and applications Serves as a primary source of information for electrochemists, materials scientists, energy technologists, and engineers Incorporates nearly 350 articles, with timely coverage of such topics as environmental and sustainability considerations