Author: William HampsonPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Locating Sources of Pressure Transients in Water Distribution Systems
Author: William HampsonSusceptibility of Distribution Systems to Negative Pressure Transients
Author: Kala K. FlemingPublisher: American Water Works Association
ISBN: 1583215115
Category : Water
Languages : en
Pages : 140
Book Description
Low or negative pressure transients (also called surge or water hammer) create temporary opportunities for external chemical and microbial contaminants at higher pressure to enter the water distribution system, creating potential health hazard and potential weakening of distribution pipes, leading to failure. This study investigates how such events as power outages, pump shutdowns, valve operations, main flushing, firefighting, and main breaks can create significant rapid, temporary drops in system pressure. The report offers useful recommendations for using surge models to optimally locate pressure monitors and to minimize the occurrence and impact from low- and negative-pressure transients.
Pressure Wave Analysis of Transient Flow in Pipe Distribution Systems
Author: Don J. WoodPublisher:
ISBN: 9780974568928
Category : Hydraulic transients
Languages : en
Pages : 200
Book Description
Online Monitoring Framework for Pressure Transient Detection in Water Distribution Networks
Author: Nina FengPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Access to potable drinking water is a necessity and basic human right. Most North Americans obtain treated water through water distribution networks, an essential part of municipal infrastructure that is subject to decay and degradation. Amongst the factors influencing pipe failure are events that trigger abrupt pressure changes, or transients, which can cause pipe breakages in the short term, and general fatigue in the long term. The ability to quantify these transients as they occur is important for effective asset management, and for preventing and mitigating the occurrence of failure. Current practices take a largely reactive approach to event detection, and few systems capable of real-time transient detection have ever been implemented. This research addresses the need for an online monitoring framework aimed towards understanding pressure transient effects and behaviour. The proposed system uses an Internet of Things approach, combining pressure sensors with Raspberry Pi computers, as well as open-source tools that transmit and display the data. The data analysis combines computationally inexpensive methods in order to achieve an accurate decision-making tool for both transient detection and abnormal transient risk identification. The techniques used include different filtering and detrending methods, feature extraction for dimensionality reduction, three-sigma statistical process control, and classification using voting methods. The process also includes a second process, based on statistical process control and trained using transient data identified in the original process, in order to assign a risk for a transient to cause damage, as well as identify transients that are particularly severe. Data was collected from a unique laboratory water distribution network as well as a field installation in Guelph, Ontario. The results showed that the framework achieves real-time transient identification with reasonable detection and error rates. Further analysis illustrated the effect of factors such as transient source location, active flow in the pipes, and transient type, on transient propagation and detection. The performance of the framework proves the concept of IoT-based systems for pressure monitoring and event detection in municipal water infrastructure.
Drinking Water Distribution Systems
Author: National Research CouncilPublisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309133955
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 404
Book Description
Protecting and maintaining water distributions systems is crucial to ensuring high quality drinking water. Distribution systems-consisting of pipes, pumps, valves, storage tanks, reservoirs, meters, fittings, and other hydraulic appurtenances-carry drinking water from a centralized treatment plant or well supplies to consumers' taps. Spanning almost 1 million miles in the United States, distribution systems represent the vast majority of physical infrastructure for water supplies, and thus constitute the primary management challenge from both an operational and public health standpoint. Recent data on waterborne disease outbreaks suggest that distribution systems remain a source of contamination that has yet to be fully addressed. This report evaluates approaches for risk characterization and recent data, and it identifies a variety of strategies that could be considered to reduce the risks posed by water-quality deteriorating events in distribution systems. Particular attention is given to backflow events via cross connections, the potential for contamination of the distribution system during construction and repair activities, maintenance of storage facilities, and the role of premise plumbing in public health risk. The report also identifies advances in detection, monitoring and modeling, analytical methods, and research and development opportunities that will enable the water supply industry to further reduce risks associated with drinking water distribution systems.
The Occurence and Causes of Pressure Transients in Distribution Networks
Author: Michael Hurley (Writer on water utilities)Publisher:
ISBN: 9781840579505
Category : Unsteady flow (Fluid dynamics)
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Verification and Control of Pressure Transients and Intrusion in Distribution Systems
Author: M. FriedmanPublisher: International Water Assn
ISBN: 9781843398967
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 156
Book Description
The objectives of this project were to verify that
Pathogen Intrusion Into the Distribution System
Author: Gregory J. KirmeyerPublisher: American Water Works Association
ISBN: 1583211020
Category : Drinking water
Languages : en
Pages : 286
Book Description
Reports on a project that identifies pathogen routes of entry into water distribution systems and develops monitoring and control strategies for protecting the system. Contains chapters on pathogens and pathways, existing control strategies, transient surge modeling, pressure monitoring, field monitoring, recommended control strategies, and recommendations to utilities. The project was completed by a multi-disciplinary team of engineers and practitioners with funding from the American Water Works Association Research Foundation and the Environmental Protection Agency. The book is not indexed. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
Water Transmission and Distribution
Author: American Water Works AssociationPublisher: American Water Works Association
ISBN: 9781583212318
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 576
Book Description
Water distribution systems are made up of pipe, valves and pumps through which treated water is moved from the treament plant to homes, offices, industries, and other consumers. The types of materials and equipment used by each water system are usually governed by local conditions, past practices, and economics. Consequently, drinking water professionals must be knowledgeable about common types of equipment and operating methods that are available. Completely revised and updated, Water transmission and distribution includes information on the following: distribution system design and operation and maintenance ; piping materials ; valves, pumps, and water meters ; water main installation ; backfilling, main testing, and installation safety ; fire hyfrants ; water storage ; water services ; cross-connection control ; motors and engines ; instrumentation and control ; information management and public relations.--Cover page [4].
Author: Richard C. Svindland