Sustainable Livelihoods in Southern Ethiopia PDF Download

Author: Grace Carswell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Credit
Languages : en
Pages : 42

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Author: Grace Carswell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 290

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Author: Camilla Toulmin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Economic development
Languages : en
Pages : 66

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Author: Abeje Berhanu
Publisher: African Books Collective
ISBN: 9994455699
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 116

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The objective of this study is to investigate the linkage between migration and livelihood diversification with emphasis on the socio-economic and structural processes that impact on rural to urban migration. The specific objectives include: to explore the factors affecting rural to urban migration by focusing on household assets and social attachment variables; to examine the different ways by which migration affects rural households' livelihoods and vice versa; to examine rural-urban linkages using migration with the aim of contributing to efforts to understand the migration process in the Amhara region; and to investigate the impact, direct or indirect, of government policy on trends of rural to urban migration in Ethiopia.

Author: Henry Bernstein
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0198773358
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 338

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This book is concerned with the question of how people in developing countries survive, and how their lives have been affected by the great changes since the Second World War. Throughout large parts of the developing world rural livelihoods are in crisis. Even in those parts of the third world where there has been growth of food output, that growth has rarely been translated into a commensurate expansion of livelihoods. Frequently, both economic stagnation and economic growth are translated into suffering for those who live in the countryside. Many people are aware that there is a crisis of livelihoods in sub-Saharan Africa, but the understanding of that crisis rarely transcends simple conceptions of food or environmental crisis or the inadequacy of states: the ubiquity of crisis is rarely comprehended. This book addresses the pressing question of rural poverty. It examines the diverse human implications of rural change, the various crises of rural livelihoods which arise from change, and the survival strategies of individuals and households. It describes the great processes of agrarian transformation which have fundamentally altered rural livelihoods in developing countries and identifies some of the dilemmas for public action which arise from agrarian transformation and the crises of rural livelihoods. The contributors draw upon a range of disciplinary approaches to the subject, including anthropology, sociology, economics, political economy, agricultural science, and development studies.

Author: Samson Kacha Folle
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3346857514
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 118

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Master's Thesis from the year 2011 in the subject Agrarian Studies, grade: 1,3, Haramaya University (College of Agriculture and Environmental Science), course: Rural Development and Agricultural Extension, language: English, abstract: This paper assesses the status of livelihood activities of smallholder farmers in Ethiopia and the need for diversification. This study is motivated by the belief that the constraints of the farm sector cannot be overcome by simply concentrating on the farm sector alone; inter-sectoral issues and on farm and non-farm linkages need to be addressed. Primary data was collected from 140 households, out of which 75 were engaged in both on farm and non-farm activities and the rest (65 sample households) were engaged only in farm activities. Thus, to understand the stated objectives, primary data was collected using a validated semi-interview schedule, group discussions, a key informant interview, general observation, and scientific documents for secondary data. The collected data was then analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tools. The economy of Ethiopia depends heavily on rain-fed agriculture. The sector is anticipated to hold up the whole economy and change its structure. However, the country is highly affected by drought and millions of people are left without sustenance every year. Therefore, diversified on farm and non-farm activities provide an important potential source of income for many.

Author: Adugna Lemi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Block and Webb (2001) in food policy address the issue of the dynamics of livelihood diversification in Ethiopia using ratio of per capita income derived from crops to all other sources as a measure of livelihood diversification for the years 1989 and 1994. Their study uses small sample and focuses only on areas affected by famine during the survey years. The present study explores further the demographic, ecological and economic determinants of the dynamics of livelihood diversification using rural household data, which covers lager and representative sample, colleted in Ethiopia in 1994 and 1997. The present study analysis not only the determinants of participation and intensity of off-farm activities but also the determinants of the dynamics between the years 1994 and 1997. The results of this study answer the question that to what extent initial conditions (for instance, asset holdings, income level, demographics) prompts households to diversify to off-farm activities overtime. The results show that participation in off-farm activities is mainly driven by demographic factors, where as land and other asset ownership as well as crop income, together with demographic factors, affect intensity of off-farm activities. The dynamic model result shows that initially female headed households and households with more land holdings subsequently realized less diversification into off-farm activities. On the other land, families with larger initial crop income from main harvest season realized greater income share from off-farm activities. As opposed to the static model, the dynamic model implies that off-farm activities are not substitute for farm activities, at least during the main harvest season.

Author: Bruno Losch
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 0821395130
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 306

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Based on new evidence from in-depth field surveys, this book addresses the unique situation of countries that remain deeply engaged in agriculture, and proposes a set of policy orientations which could facilitate the process of rural change.

Author: Abate, Gashaw Tadesse
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 64

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Book Description
Increased diversification of rural households into the rural non-farm economy is an important driver of economic growth and structural transformation in countries like Ethiopia where the vast majority of people live in rural areas and are largely dependent on seasonal agriculture. Some of the benefits of diversification include efficient utilization of asset endowments (e.g., labor during dry season) and reduction of risks. In this study we explore the: (i) patterns and trends of diversification, (ii) drivers of diversification including the association between rainfall risk/shocks and diversification, and (iii) welfare effects of diversification during the recent decade using three rounds of representative household data from the four main regions of Ethiopia. We used Cragg’s double-hurdle model, a method that considers the two-step decision making process in diversification (i.e., participation and extent of participation), to identify the determinants of diversification and a fixed-effect and instrumental variable (IV) approaches to understand the links between diversification and household welfare. The descriptive results show that rural households generally adopt a livelihood strategy dominated by farming and that the level of diversification has been stagnant over the period of analysis considered. More importantly, the vast majority of households continue to draw a substantial share of their income from crop production, followed by livestock. The income from non-farm activities accounts only between 17 percent and 23 percent of the total income. The econometrics results show that diversification is positively associated with credit access, membership in social insurance, ownership of mobile phone, relative measure of household wealth, and population density. Conversely, access to relatively large, fertile, and irrigable land discourages diversification into non-farm activities. The analysis on the association between rainfall risks and diversification indicates that rural households use income diversification both as risk mitigation and shock coping strategy. The results on the link between income diversification and household welfare indicate a positive association between diversification and household total consumption expenditure, dietary diversity score, and housing/roof quality. In sum, the results imply the need for a deliberate effort to expand the non-farm economy so as to tap its full potential for employment generation, income growth, and welfare improvements. A starting point could be for agricultural and rural development policies and investments to go beyond promotion of cereal crop production and facilitate participation in high value crop, livestock, aquaculture production. Incentivizing investments in value addition activities that can create and enrich upward and downward linkages in the midstream segment of agricultural value chains is another potential avenue to boost rural non-farm economy.

Author: Simon Maxwell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Food security
Languages : en
Pages : 292

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Book Description
This document reviews core concepts in household food security (HFS), provides an overview of indicators and data collection methods, and includes an annotated bibliography on concepts and definitions, illustrating the inter-relationship among HFS, nutrition, livelihood security and long-term sustainability.