Liner Shipping in the Eighties PDF Download

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Maritime law
Languages : en
Pages : 406

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Author: Okechukwu Chris Iheduru
Publisher: University of Delaware Press
ISBN: 9780874135527
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 308

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Shipping has played a pivotal role as the vector or artery through which this trade is conducted and in which this pattern of inequality has only recently been challenged by the South.

Author: Lawrence Juda
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000306682
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 186

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The UNCTAD Liner Code: United States Maritime Policy at the Crossroads Lawrence Juda World shipping—vital to international trade—is now going through a period of radical change. The UNCTAD Code of Conduct for Liner Conferences is an important manifestation of that change, reflecting the pressures exerted by developing countries for a New International Economic Order and for modifications in the system of international trade. The code, best known for its provisions on liner cargo allocations, includes a number of other very significant stipulations important for U.S. policy. For several years the United States has opposed the convention and acted on the assumption that the EEC countries, Japan, and other developed states would not ratify it. Now that ratification appears imminent, the United States may find itself isolated and exposed to a number of problems whose impacts may be felt not only in maritime affairs but also in trade, diplomacy, and security. This study examines the nature, provisions, and possible effects of the UNCTAD Liner Code. Dr. Juda evaluates how the regime of the code compares with the present U.S. framework for liner regulations and promotion, then outlines and assesses the major policy options available to the United States given the positions taken by the developing states and the EEC. The book is based on interviews with key officials and on U.N. and U.S. government documents.

Author: Luis Ortiz Blanco
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 1847313655
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 698

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Liner conferences are among the oldest surviving cartels in the world. Created in the 1870s they have existed since on all the world's shipping routes. With the approval or tacit acquiescence of governments everywhere, they fix freight rates, control capacity and share markets. The United Nations Code of Conduct for Liner Conferences (1974) granted them global recognition and prompted the European Community to recommend Member States to join the Convention on the Liner Code (1979) and to grant them the most generous and extraordinary block exemption from EC antitrust rules ever (1986). The European Commission's administration of the block exemption has clarified some of its aspects and, to a certain extent, limited its scope; but until very recently, it has not questioned the appropriateness of the exceptionally lenient treatment of liner shipping cartels in the European Union. After a report by the OECD Secretariat (2002) recommending abolition of antitrust immunity for shipping cartels in member countries, the European Commission launched a review of the block exemption (2003) which has led to its repeal (2006). This book studies first the origins, the early history and the regulation of liner conferences in the world and in the European Community, focusing in particular on the Regulation which granted a block exemption to liner conferences. Then, it examines one by one the four conditions for a block exemption to be granted under EC law, and concludes that none of them is fulfilled by shipping cartels. Finally, it proposes some alternative scenarios and solutions for the adequate enforcement of antitrust law in the maritime sector once the block exemption has been repealed.

Author: Ademuni-Odeke
Publisher: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
ISBN: 9004639438
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 474

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Author: Jan Jansson
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400931476
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 306

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The importance of international liner shipping needs little emphasizing. A large majority of international trade moves by sea, and the liner shipping share in total freight revenue exceeds one-half. Notwithstanding, people in general know surprisingly little about the basic facts of the liner shipping industry, and, in particular, about the economics ofliner shipping. Perhaps because it is an international industry, where shipping lines flying many different flags participate, it has tended to fall in between national accounts of domestic industries. Even transport economists have, generally speaking, treated liner shipping rather 'stepmotherly'; besides the work of Bennathan and Walters (1969), a relatively small group of specialized maritime economists, including A. Stromme-Svendsen, T. Thorburn, S. Sturmey, R. Goss, and B. M. Deakin, have in the post-war period made important contributions to the subject, but so far no coherent and reasonably comprehensive treatise of liner shipping economics has appeared. The first purpose of the present volume is therefore obvious: to provide just that. The book is divided in three parts: Part I The liner shipping industry; Part II Liner service optimization; Part III Economic evaluation of the conference system. Needless to say, all three parts concur to fulfill the first purpose of providing a complete book of liner shipping economics. In Part II a more or less separate, second, purpose has been to develop analytical tools for liner service optimization. Thereby we use different approaches.

Author: Jeff Hawkins
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351732323
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 207

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This title was first published in 2000. This text focuses on one geographical and economical area - the Asia-Pacific region, on one type of decision makers - commercial shipowners, and on one type of business strategy - corporate level strategy, to show economic change and how organizations manage that change. This book discusses the challenges that shipowners face to take advantage of that growth. It also looks at the lack of information on strategic decision making that could assist the shipowners in taking advantage of the economic situation. The chapters cover the types of business strategies available and how to select the criteria for selecting one of those strategies.

Author: Peter Davies
Publisher: Global Oriental
ISBN: 9004212949
Category : Transportation
Languages : en
Pages : 216

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Britain’s foremost scholar of the international shipping industry, based at the Centre for Port and Maritime History, University of Liverpool, here examines the growth and development of Japan’s modern shipping and shipbuilding industries across a wide range of topics, through the pre-war, Pacific War and post-war periods, to the transfer of shipping technology, the role of bulk carriers and world trade and the organization and structure of the Japanese merchant navy. Prompted originally by his research into the decline of the British industries in a global context, his focus inevitably turned to Japan which in the post-war years had replaced Britain as the world’s largest ship operators and ship owners and remains so today.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Communication and traffic
Languages : en
Pages : 574

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Author: J. McConville
Publisher: Burns & Oates
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 520

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Book Description
This annotated international bibliography of over 3000 entries on the business and economic aspects of shipping places an emphasis on commercial as opposed to operations factors. It covers a period from the early 1970s to 1994, but also includes seminal works published prior to 1970.