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Author: Michelin and Cie Publisher Publisher: Michelin & Cie ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 102
Book Description
The marvellous tales of "Liliane" and the forest rangers Phinœrt and Lyderic, which take Lille back to the days of Julius Cæsar, are mythical. The first mention of Lille in history dates back to the 11th century, when the town was divided into the "castrum" or entrenched camp of the Counts of Flanders (where Baudoin V. erected the Basilica and Forum in about 1050), and the "forum" (to-day the Grand' Place), where the church of St. Martin already existed. The "forum" grew rapidly in the 12th century; the suburb of Fives, with its two churches of St. Saviour and St. Maurice, being enclosed within the new wall. There were no further changes of importance until the 17th century, when the Vauban fortifications to the north further enlarged the town. It was only in 1858 that Moulins, Vazemmes and Esquermes were included in the southern portion of the town, leaving the important suburbs of Fives and St. Maurice outside the ramparts. Its situation on the frontier embroiled Lille in all the great wars. In 1213, Philippe-August took it twice from Count Ferrand, burning it completely the second time, to punish the inhabitants for having received their former chief. Philippe le Bel took it in 1297, and built the Château de Courtrai to commemorate the event. The Flemish conquered it in 1302, but were defeated in 1304 at Mons-en-Puelle by Philippe, who forced them to abandon the town after a month's siege. Then, for half-a-century, Lille belonged to the Kings of France, but the marriage of the Duke of Burgundy, Philippe le Hardi, with the Heiress of Flanders, in 1369, restored it to the counts. When Maximilian of Austria espoused Marie of Burgundy, daughter and Heir of Charles the Bold, last Duke of Burgundy, Lille became part of his dominions. At the head of his armies, Louis XIV. besieged and took it in 1667 after "nine days of trench fighting," and the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle confirmed the capture. As an advanced citadel, it defended the northern frontier, but in 1708, the Spanish were before its gates, and Marshal de Boufflers, after exhausting his supplies and ammunition, was obliged to surrender to Prince Eugène and the Duke of Marlborough. After a five years' occupation, the Treaty of Utrecht gave it back to France in 1713. In 1792, it was besieged by 30,000 Austrians under Albert of Saxe-Coburg, who bombarded it day and night for nine days. The famous Lille gunners beat off the enemy, who raised the siege, and the Convention having decreed that "the town deserved well of the country," a commemorative column was erected in the Grand' Place (p. 26). In the Franco-German War of 1870-1871, Lille remained outside the battle area, and the only local souvenir connected with that struggle was a visit from M. Antonin Dubost (now Président of the French Senate) in October, 1870. Leaving Paris, which was besieged, in a balloon named "The Universal Republic," he landed between Rocroi and Mézières, going thence on foot to Belgium, and from there to Lille. He was received by the Commissary of the Government for National Defence (Mr. Testelin) (p. 50) and General Bourbaki, who had escaped from Metz, and harangued the people from the steps of the Grand' Garde (Place de la Bourse, p. 29)...
Author: Michelin and Cie Publisher Publisher: Michelin & Cie ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 102
Book Description
The marvellous tales of "Liliane" and the forest rangers Phinœrt and Lyderic, which take Lille back to the days of Julius Cæsar, are mythical. The first mention of Lille in history dates back to the 11th century, when the town was divided into the "castrum" or entrenched camp of the Counts of Flanders (where Baudoin V. erected the Basilica and Forum in about 1050), and the "forum" (to-day the Grand' Place), where the church of St. Martin already existed. The "forum" grew rapidly in the 12th century; the suburb of Fives, with its two churches of St. Saviour and St. Maurice, being enclosed within the new wall. There were no further changes of importance until the 17th century, when the Vauban fortifications to the north further enlarged the town. It was only in 1858 that Moulins, Vazemmes and Esquermes were included in the southern portion of the town, leaving the important suburbs of Fives and St. Maurice outside the ramparts. Its situation on the frontier embroiled Lille in all the great wars. In 1213, Philippe-August took it twice from Count Ferrand, burning it completely the second time, to punish the inhabitants for having received their former chief. Philippe le Bel took it in 1297, and built the Château de Courtrai to commemorate the event. The Flemish conquered it in 1302, but were defeated in 1304 at Mons-en-Puelle by Philippe, who forced them to abandon the town after a month's siege. Then, for half-a-century, Lille belonged to the Kings of France, but the marriage of the Duke of Burgundy, Philippe le Hardi, with the Heiress of Flanders, in 1369, restored it to the counts. When Maximilian of Austria espoused Marie of Burgundy, daughter and Heir of Charles the Bold, last Duke of Burgundy, Lille became part of his dominions. At the head of his armies, Louis XIV. besieged and took it in 1667 after "nine days of trench fighting," and the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle confirmed the capture. As an advanced citadel, it defended the northern frontier, but in 1708, the Spanish were before its gates, and Marshal de Boufflers, after exhausting his supplies and ammunition, was obliged to surrender to Prince Eugène and the Duke of Marlborough. After a five years' occupation, the Treaty of Utrecht gave it back to France in 1713. In 1792, it was besieged by 30,000 Austrians under Albert of Saxe-Coburg, who bombarded it day and night for nine days. The famous Lille gunners beat off the enemy, who raised the siege, and the Convention having decreed that "the town deserved well of the country," a commemorative column was erected in the Grand' Place (p. 26). In the Franco-German War of 1870-1871, Lille remained outside the battle area, and the only local souvenir connected with that struggle was a visit from M. Antonin Dubost (now Président of the French Senate) in October, 1870. Leaving Paris, which was besieged, in a balloon named "The Universal Republic," he landed between Rocroi and Mézières, going thence on foot to Belgium, and from there to Lille. He was received by the Commissary of the Government for National Defence (Mr. Testelin) (p. 50) and General Bourbaki, who had escaped from Metz, and harangued the people from the steps of the Grand' Garde (Place de la Bourse, p. 29)...
Author: Frantz Immelmann Publisher: Casemate / Greenhill ISBN: 1935149768 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 232
Book Description
A biography of one of Germany’s pioneers in aerial combat: “a great read” (Internet Modeler). Max Immelmann was born in Dresden, the son of a container factory owner. When World War I started, Immelmann was recalled to active service, transferred to the Luftstreitkäfte, and sent for pilot training in November 1914. He was on his way to becoming a legendary flying ace. Initially stationed in northern France as a reconnaissance aviator, he was shot down by a French pilot but managed to land safely behind German lines. He was decorated with the Iron Cross, Second Class for preserving his aircraft. Later in 1915, he became one of the first German fighter pilots, quickly building an impressive score of victories as he became known as The Eagle of Lille, Der Adler von Lille. Known for the aerial combat maneuver that bears his name; for the use of a machine gun synchronized to fire forward through the propeller arc; and for his association with the Fokker Eindecker, Germany’s first fighter aircraft, Immelmann was the first pilot to be awarded the Pour le Mérite, Germany’s highest military honor—which became colloquially known as the “Blue Max” in the German Air Service. Along with Oswald Boelcke and other pilots, Immelmann was one of the main instigators of the Fokker Scourge, which inflicted heavy losses upon British and French aircrews during 1915. He was credited with fifteen victories—the final one coming on March 30, 1916. This Casemate edition of Max Immelmann’s biography does not change a word from the original 1930 edition, but for the first time, reworks the original type and page layout to provide a beautiful and highly readable new treatment to this classic of aviation literature.
Author: Pneu Michelin Publisher: Legare Street Press ISBN: 9781020060038 Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This rare booklet, published by Michelin in 1916, explores the city of Lille before and during World War I. It features information on the city's landmarks, cultural institutions, and local customs, as well as a firsthand account of the German occupation. A fascinating historical document for both history buffs and tire enthusiasts alike. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Author: Lionel Frederic Ellis Publisher: ISBN: 9781845740566 Category : World War, 1939-1945 Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Covering the 1939-40 Phoney War in a single chapter, the focus of Major L.F. Ellis s official history of the campaign in France and Flanders falls on the role of the British Expeditionary Force in attempting to defend Belgium and France from the fury of the German Blitzkrieg in May-June 1940. He describes the BEF s advance into Belgium in response to the German attack in accordance with the pre-arranged Anglo-French Dyle Plan , and its rapid retreat as the Germans broke through on the River Meuse. Despite an attempted counter-attack around Arras, Ellis shows how the BEF and their French allies were forced back on the Channel Ports by the swift advance of the German armoured columns. The history culminates in the confusion caused by Belgium s sudden surrender, the failed British stand on the Somme, and the momentous decision to evacuate the BEF from Dunkirk. Illustrated by 7 general maps, 14 situation maps and 17 sketch maps, the book has eleven photographs, and additional appendices detailing the German planning of their spectacularly successful campaign, and listing the British and German forces engaged.
Author: Michael P. Fitzsimmons Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1139485938 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 301
Book Description
From Artisan to Worker examines the largely overlooked debate over the potential reestablishment of guilds that occurred from 1776 to 1821. The abolition of guilds in 1791 overturned an organization of labor that had been in place for centuries. The disorder that ensued - from concerns about the safety of the food supply to a general decline in the quality of goods - raised strong doubts about their abolition and sparked a debate both inside and outside of government that went on for decades. The issue of the reestablishment of guilds, however, subsequently became intertwined with the growing mechanization of production. Under the Napoleonic regime, the government considered several projects to restore guilds in a large-scale fashion, but the counterargument that guilds could impede mechanization prevailed. After Bonaparte's fall, the restored Bourbon dynasty was expected to reorganize guilds, but its sponsorship of an industrial exhibition in 1819 signaled its endorsement of mechanization, and after 1821 there were no further efforts to restore guilds during the Restoration.
Author: Martin Gilbert Publisher: Rosetta Books ISBN: 0795346778 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 580
Book Description
“A travelogue, spanning two weeks, of the essential sites of the Holocaust, by the venerable historian and author . . . [A] soul-searching trip” (Kirkus Reviews). In 1996, prominent Holocaust historian Sir Martin Gilbert embarked on a fourteen-day journey into the past with a group of his graduate students from University College, London. Their destination? Places where the terrible events of the Holocaust had left their mark in Europe. From the railway lines near Auschwitz to the site of Oskar Schindler’s heroic efforts in Cracow, Poland, Holocaust Journey features intimate personal meditations from one of our greatest modern historians, and is supported by wartime documents, letters, and diaries—as well as over fifty photographs and maps by the author—all of which help interweave Gilbert’s trip with his students with the surrounding history of the towns, camps, and other locations visited. The result is a narrative of the Holocaust that ties the past to the present with poignancy and power. “Gilbert . . . is a dedicated guide to this difficult material. We can be grateful for his thoroughness, courage and guidance.” —Los Angeles Times Book Review
Author: Michelin and Cie Publisher
Author: Michelin and Cie Publisher
Author: Pneu Michelin (Firm)
Author: Frantz Immelmann
Author: Pneu Michelin
Author: Stephen C. McGeorge and Mason W. Watson
Author: Lionel Frederic Ellis
Author: Michael P. Fitzsimmons
Author: 
Author: 
Author: Martin Gilbert