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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 32
Book Description
The research objectives of this grant are to (1) characterize phase transitions theoretically and experimentally in molecular crystal systems, (2) use the above understanding gained by light scattering studies and theoretical interpretation to apply to the more complex system of lyotropic liquid crystals, and (3) knowledge gained on the model systems of increasing complexity is then applied to polymer liquid crystals and solid polymers as observed by laser light scattering techniques. Objective one has been definitely achieved as can be seen from the number of papers written in the last few years. Systems to have been experimentally and theoretically discussed are: trioxane, triazine, benzil, and chloranil. Others still to be investigated are: biphenyl, urea, thiourea, and hexamethyl benzene. Studies of lyotropic liquid crystals (sodium decyl sulfate, sodium sulfate, decanol, water) have been progressed to the point at which we will be reporting this data shortly. The major findings are: a number of phase transitions occur between 20 and 60 C; these transitions evidence strong critical behavior and long correlation times for fluctuations; and liquid crystals can be studied by light scattering in a unique and meaningful manner. Finally, some polymer studies were started which will be continued into the coming contract period. Spectra of solid powders, ribbons, and liquid crystals of PBT and solid PBO were obtained.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 32
Book Description
The research objectives of this grant are to (1) characterize phase transitions theoretically and experimentally in molecular crystal systems, (2) use the above understanding gained by light scattering studies and theoretical interpretation to apply to the more complex system of lyotropic liquid crystals, and (3) knowledge gained on the model systems of increasing complexity is then applied to polymer liquid crystals and solid polymers as observed by laser light scattering techniques. Objective one has been definitely achieved as can be seen from the number of papers written in the last few years. Systems to have been experimentally and theoretically discussed are: trioxane, triazine, benzil, and chloranil. Others still to be investigated are: biphenyl, urea, thiourea, and hexamethyl benzene. Studies of lyotropic liquid crystals (sodium decyl sulfate, sodium sulfate, decanol, water) have been progressed to the point at which we will be reporting this data shortly. The major findings are: a number of phase transitions occur between 20 and 60 C; these transitions evidence strong critical behavior and long correlation times for fluctuations; and liquid crystals can be studied by light scattering in a unique and meaningful manner. Finally, some polymer studies were started which will be continued into the coming contract period. Spectra of solid powders, ribbons, and liquid crystals of PBT and solid PBO were obtained.
Author: Pavel Kratochvíl Publisher: Elsevier Publishing Company ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 356
Book Description
Classical light scattering from dilute polymer solutions is one of the few absolute, rigorously founded methods for the determination of molar mass and molecular size of macromolecular substances, and for the quantitative characterization of solute-solvent interaction. Light scattering is thus one of the most fundamental methods of the physical chemistry of polymers, and the present book provides an introduction to this technique. elements of practice and application of light scattering. Although there are a number of advanced monographs and reviews currently available on light scattering from polymer solutions, the appearance of this book marks the first introductory text of its kind. Polymer chemists wishing to make a start in light scattering will find this book an indispensable aid in their work.
Author: Martin Helmstedt Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 9783527301416 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 346
Book Description
This book is based on lectures and posters presented at the workshop "Data Evaluation in Light Scattering of Polymers"held in Bad Schandau, Germany. The articles cover a broad range of applications including basic research studies on complex polymeric systems as well as routine measurements and provide a survey of novel data evaluation schemes mostly developed during the last decade. Additionally, this issue contains contributions dealing with novel and / or highly specialized light scattering experiments and with the combination of light scattering instruments with other experimental techniques.
Author: Wyn Brown Publisher: ISBN: 9781383026603 Category : Light Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Dynamic light scattering is one of the new methods developed for investigating macromolecular systems. This book traces the recent developments in the technique and illustrates its wide variety of fundamental and practical applications.
Author: V. Degiorgio Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461591856 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 293
Book Description
This volume contains most of the papers presented at the "Workshop on Quasielastic Light Scattering Studies of Fluids and Macromolecular Solutions" held at CISE, Segrate (Milano), Italy, from 11 to 13 May, 1979. Quasielastic light scattering (also called self-beating spectroscopy or intensity correlation spectroscopy) is the technique, introduced by Benedek and coworkers and by Cummins and coworkers about 15 years ago, by which dynamical information about a scattering medium is obtained through the measurement of the power spectrum (or the intensity correlation function) of the laser light scattered from the medium. The technique received in the early seventies a considerable impulse from the development of real-time fast digital correlators. The aim of the Workshop was to bring together a selected number of researchers in order to discuss recent developments in quasielastic light scattering and related optical methods and to report about new applications of the technique in physics, chemistry and biology. The first two days of the meeting were devoted to the oral presentations of papers. In the third day an informal session was held which included a very lively and thorough discussion of the highlights of the Workshop. Most part of the technical problems were debated during the informal session and during the subsequent visits to the light scattering laboratory in CISE.
Author: Redouane Borsali Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 140204464X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 1490
Book Description
This 2-volume set includes extensive discussions of scattering techniques (light, neutron and X-ray) and related fluctuation and grating techniques that are at the forefront of this field. Most of the scattering techniques are Fourier space techniques. Recent advances have seen the development of powerful direct imaging methods such as atomic force microscopy and scanning probe microscopy. In addition, techniques that can be used to manipulate soft matter on the nanometer scale are also in rapid development. These include the scanning probe microscopy technique mentioned above as well as optical and magnetic tweezers.
Author: Elliot R. Bernstein Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 13
Book Description
A total of 16 papers have appeared in the literature dealing with both the theoretical and experimental (light scattering) investigation of phase transitions and critical phenomena in simple molecular solids. New Brillouin scattering data have been obtained for benzil single crystals near the phase transition at 83.5K. A mean field approach to the dynamics of structural phase transitions in molecular crystals has been developed. Brillouin scattering study of the successive phase transitions in methmmonium iron chloride. In addition to the magnetic transition at lwo temperature, this system also possesses successive structural phase transitions. These have been studied by means of lattice dynamics and far infrared spectroscopy, birefringenence, x-ray and neutron diffraction, specific heat and ultrasonic sound velocity measurements, and ultrasonic attentuation measurements. Also pursued were high pressure Raman, Brillouin, and Rayleigh scattering studies of benzene in a diamond anvil cell.
Author: Kenneth S Schmitz Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0323140351 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 470
Book Description
An Introduction to Dynamic Light Scattering by Macromolecules provides an introduction to the basic concepts of dynamic light scattering (DLS), with an emphasis on the interpretation of DLS data. It presents the appropriate equations used to interpret DLS data. The material is presented in order of increasing complexity of the systems under examination, ranging from dilute solutions of noninteracting particles to concentrated multicomponent solutions of strongly interacting particles and gels. Problems are presented at the end of each chapter to emphasize these concepts. Since a major emphasis of this textbook is the interpretation of DLS data obtained by polarized light scattering studies on macromolecular solutions, the results of complementary experimental techniques are also presented in order to gain insight into the dynamics of these systems. This textbook is intended for (1) advanced undergraduate students and graduate students in the chemical, physical, and biological sciences; (2) scientists who might wish to apply DLS methods to systems of interest to them but who have no formal training in the field of DLS; and (3) those who are simply curious as to the type of information that might be obtained from DLS techniques.
Author: Wyn Brown Publisher: Clarendon Press ISBN: 9780198517832 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 544
Book Description
This volume is a complementary, follow-up volume to the author's Dynamic Light Scattering published in 1993. Light scattering is a powerful and widely-used technique for studying macromolecular systems both in the pure state and in solution. It is applied variously on high-molecular-weight polymers, colloids and proteins as well as organized assemblies such as vesicular and micellar systems. Some major applications of the technique are to the study of phase transitions and critical phenomena. This book traces recent developments in light scattering and provides an extensive review of its applications which are of fundamental importance.
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Author: 
Author: Pavel Kratochvíl
Author: Martin Helmstedt
Author: Wyn Brown
Author: 
Author: V. Degiorgio
Author: Redouane Borsali
Author: Elliot R. Bernstein
Author: Kenneth S Schmitz
Author: Wyn Brown