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Author: B. Roger Maylor Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing ISBN: 9789027230614 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 298
Book Description
While there have been many attempts in the literature to account for the semantics and syntax of individual German(ic)prefixes, this is the first time that the prefixes have been analysed in a unified way and a framework established that is capable of relating the prefixes to each other and to other areas of the grammar. The templates provide the means whereby a State/Change of State feature interacts with Figure and Ground arguments to generate prefixed verbs, noun- and adjective-incorporating verbs, and oblique case marking on the complements of simplex verbs and adjectives. This book presents a new and potentially powerful theory of lexical morphology that will be of interest not only to morphologists and those working on the grammar of German, but also syntacticians working on the Locative and Dative Alternations, and linguists whose prime concern is the organization of the lexicon, and the realization of the semantics of change of state predicates.
Author: B. Roger Maylor Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing ISBN: 9789027230614 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 298
Book Description
While there have been many attempts in the literature to account for the semantics and syntax of individual German(ic)prefixes, this is the first time that the prefixes have been analysed in a unified way and a framework established that is capable of relating the prefixes to each other and to other areas of the grammar. The templates provide the means whereby a State/Change of State feature interacts with Figure and Ground arguments to generate prefixed verbs, noun- and adjective-incorporating verbs, and oblique case marking on the complements of simplex verbs and adjectives. This book presents a new and potentially powerful theory of lexical morphology that will be of interest not only to morphologists and those working on the grammar of German, but also syntacticians working on the Locative and Dative Alternations, and linguists whose prime concern is the organization of the lexicon, and the realization of the semantics of change of state predicates.
Author: Stefan Müller Publisher: Language Science Press ISBN: 3961101213 Category : Construction grammar Languages : en Pages : 106
Book Description
There are two prominent schools in linguistics: Minimalism (Chomsky) and Construction Grammar (Goldberg, Tomasello). Minimalism comes with the claim that our linguistic capabilities consist of an abstract, binary combinatorial operation (Merge) and a lexicon. Most versions of Construction Grammar assume that language consists of flat phrasal schemata that contribute their own meaning and may license additional arguments. This book examines a variant of Lexical Functional Grammar, which is lexical in principle but was augmented by tools that allow for the description of phrasal constructions in the Construction Grammar sense. These new tools include templates that can be used to model inheritance hierarchies and a resource driven semantics. The resource driven semantics makes it possible to reach the effects that lexical rules had, for example remapping of arguments, by semantic means. The semantic constraints can be evaluated in the syntactic component, which is basically similar to the delayed execution of lexical rules. So this is a new formalization that might be suitable to provide solutions to longstanding problems that are not available for other formalizations. While the authors suggest a lexical treatment of many phenomena and only assume phrasal constructions for selected phenomena like benefactive and resultative constructions in English, it can be shown that even these two constructions should not be treated phrasally in English and that the analysis would not extend to other languages as for instance German. I show that the new formal tools do not really improve the situation and many of the basic conceptual problems remain. Since this specific proposal fails for two constructions, it follows that proposals (in the same framework) that assume phrasal analyses for all constructions are not appropriate either. The conclusion is that lexical models are needed and this entails that the schemata that combine syntactic objects are rather abstract (as in Categorial Grammar, Minimalism, HPSG and standard LFG). On the other hand there are constructions that should be treated by very specific, phrasal schemata as in Construction Grammar and LFG and HPSG. So the conclusion is that both schools are right (and wrong) and that a combination of ideas from both camps is needed.
Author: Gregory T. Stump Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 113943182X Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 326
Book Description
A new contribution to linguistic theory, this book presents a formal framework for the analysis of word structure in human language. It sets forth the network of hypotheses constituting Paradigm Function Morphology, a theory of inflectional form whose central insight is that paradigms play an essential role in the definition of a language's system of word structure. The theory comprises several unprecedented claims, chief among which is the claim that a language's realization rules serve as clauses in the definition of a paradigm function, an overarching construct which is indispensable for capturing certain kinds of generalizations about inflectional form. This book differs from other recent works on the same subject in that it treats inflectional morphology as an autonomous system of principles rather than as a subsystem of syntax or phonology and it draws upon evidence from a diverse range of languages in motivating the proposed conception of word structure.
Author: Rochelle Lieber Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1139454048 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 208
Book Description
Morphology and Lexical Semantics explores the meanings of morphemes and how they combine to form the meanings of complex words, including derived words (writer, unionise), compounds (dog bed, truck driver) and words formed by conversion. Rochelle Lieber discusses the lexical semantics of word formation in a systematic way, allowing the reader to explore the nature of affixal polysemy, the reasons why there are multiple affixes with the same function and the issues of mismatch between form and meaning in word formation. Using a series of case studies from English, this book develops and justifies the theoretical apparatus necessary for raising and answering many questions about the semantics of word formation. Distinguishing between a lexical semantic skeleton that is featural and hierarchically organised and a lexical semantic body that is holistic, it shows how the semantics of word formation has a paradigmatic character.
Author: Andrew Hippisley Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1316712451 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 1442
Book Description
The Cambridge Handbook of Morphology describes the diversity of morphological phenomena in the world's languages, surveying the methodologies by which these phenomena are investigated and the theoretical interpretations that have been proposed to explain them. The Handbook provides morphologists with a comprehensive account of the interlocking issues and hypotheses that drive research in morphology; for linguists generally, it presents current thought on the interface of morphology with other grammatical components and on the significance of morphology for understanding language change and the psychology of language; for students of linguistics, it is a guide to the present-day landscape of morphological science and to the advances that have brought it to its current state; and for readers in other fields (psychology, philosophy, computer science, and others), it reveals just how much we know about systematic relations of form to content in a language's words - and how much we have yet to learn.
Author: Martin Haspelmath Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1134645961 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 387
Book Description
This new edition of Understanding Morphology has been fully revised in line with the latest research. It now includes 'big picture' questions to highlight central themes in morphology, as well as research exercises for each chapter. Understanding Morphology presents an introduction to the study of word structure that starts at the very beginning. Assuming no knowledge of the field of morphology on the part of the reader, the book presents a broad range of morphological phenomena from a wide variety of languages. Starting with the core areas of inflection and derivation, the book presents the interfaces between morphology and syntax and between morphology and phonology. The synchronic study of word structure is covered, as are the phenomena of diachronic change, such as analogy and grammaticalization. Theories are presented clearly in accessible language with the main purpose of shedding light on the data, rather than as a goal in themselves. The authors consistently draw on the best research available, thus utilizing and discussing both functionalist and generative theoretical approaches. Each chapter includes a summary, suggestions for further reading, and exercises. As such this is the ideal book for both beginning students of linguistics, or anyone in a related discipline looking for a first introduction to morphology.
Author: Joseph Shimron Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing ISBN: 9027296685 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 400
Book Description
This book puts together contributions of linguists and psycholinguists whose main interest here is the representation of Semitic words in the mental lexicon of Semitic language speakers. The central topic of the book confronts two views about the morphology of Semitic words. The point of the argument is: Should we see Semitic words’ morphology as “root-based” or “word-based?” The proponents of the root-based approach, present empirical evidence demonstrating that Semitic language speakers are sensitive to the root and the template as the two basic elements (bound morphemes) of Semitic words. Those supporting the word-based approach, present arguments to the effect that Semitic word formation is not based on the merging of roots and templates, but that Semitic words are comprised of word stems and affixes like we find in Indo-European languages. The variety of evidence and arguments for each claim should force the interested readers to reconsider their views on Semitic morphology.
Author: Tommi Tsz-Cheung Leung Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1000300552 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 500
Book Description
Emirati Arabic: A Comprehensive Grammar offers readers a reference tool for discovering and studying in detail the specific dialect of Arabic spoken in the United Arab Emirates. It covers all major areas of Emirati Arabic grammar, describing in detail its phonological, morphological, syntactic, and semantic systems. Each grammatical point is illustrated with numerous examples drawn from native Emirati Arabic speakers and is thoroughly discussed providing both accessible and linguistically informed grammatical description. This book is a useful reference for students of Gulf Arabic and/or Modern Standard Arabic or other Arabic dialects with an interest in the dialect spoken in the UAE, researchers interested in Arabic language and linguistics as well as graduate students and scholars interested in Arabic studies.
Author: Philip B. Gough Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1351236881 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 385
Book Description
Originally published in 1992. This book brings together the work of a number of distinguished international researchers engaged in basic research on beginning reading. Individual chapters address various processes and problems in learning to read - including how acquisition gets underway, the contribution of story listening experiences, what is involved in learning to read words, and how readers represent information about written words in memory. In addition, the chapter contributors consider how phonological, onset-rime, and syntactic awareness contribute to reading acquisition, how learning to spell is involved, how reading ability can be explained as a combination of decoding skill plus listening comprehension skill, and what causes reading difficulties and how to study these causes.
Author: K.P. Mohanan Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9400937199 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 232
Book Description
This book contains some of the material which originally appeared in my Ph. D. thesis Lexical Phonology, submitted at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, but it can hardly be called a revised version of the thesis. The theory that I propose here is in many ways radically different from the one that I proposed in the thesis, and there is a great deal of new data and analyses from English and Malayalam. Chapter VI is so new that I haven't even had the time to try it out on my friends. As everyone knows, research is a collective enterprise, even though an individual's name appears on the first page of the book or article. I would think of this book as a joint project involving dozens of people, in which I acted as the project coordinator, collecting suggestions from a wide variety of sources. Four major influences on what the book contains were Morris Halle, Paul Kiparsky, Mark Liberman, and Joan Bresnan. I learned the ropes of doing research on phonology, phonetics, and morphology from them, and almost everything that I discuss in this book owes its shape ultimately to one of them. Among the others who contributed generously to this book are: Jay Keyser, James Harris, Douglas Pulleyblank, Diana Archangeli, Donca Steriade, Elizabeth Selkirk, Francois Dell, Noam Chomsky, Philip Lesourd, Mohammed Guerssel, Michel Kenstovicz, Raj Singh, Will Leben, Joe Perkell, Victor Zue, Paroo Nihalani. P. Madhavan, and Stephanie Shattuck-Hafnagel.
Author: B. Roger Maylor
Author: B. Roger Maylor
Author: Stefan Müller
Author: Gregory T. Stump
Author: Rochelle Lieber
Author: Andrew Hippisley
Author: Martin Haspelmath
Author: Joseph Shimron
Author: Tommi Tsz-Cheung Leung
Author: Philip B. Gough
Author: K.P. Mohanan