Les Juifs au temps de Saint Louis PDF Download

Author: Juliette Sibon
Publisher: Albin Michel
ISBN: 222642279X
Category : History
Languages : fr
Pages : 102

View

Book Description
Figure majeure de l?histoire de France, saint Louis constitue pour les juifs un symbole ambigu. D?un côté, il représente la bigoterie antijuive puisqu?il fait bruler le Talmud, impose le port de la rouelle (l?ancêtre de l?étoile jaune), et cherche à expulser les juifs du royaume de France. D?un autre côté, le xiiie siècle qu?il incarne constitue pour les juifs de France un certain âge d?or. Au-delà de la figure personnelle de Louis IX ? plus pragmatique qu?on ne l?imagine ? l?auteur dresse un portrait clair de la société juive dans son rapport au pouvoir politique, témoignant de son intégration socio-économique en cette période de naissance du capitalisme et de la richesse de sa vie culturelle. Cet ouvrage de synthèse, très accessible, nous fait découvrir une époque clé de l?histoire juive mais aussi à un aspect méconnu de l?histoire de France.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9782226320414
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 164

View

Book Description
Figure majeure de l'histoire de France, saint Louis constitue pour les juifs un symbole ambigu. D'un côté, il représente la bigoterie antijuive puisqu'il fait brûler le Talmud, impose le port de la rouelle (l'ancêtre de l'étoile jaune), et cherche à expulser les juifs du royaume de France. D'un autre côté, le XIIIe siècle qu'il incarne constitue pour les juifs de France un certain âge d'or, en phase avec ce moment d'apogée politique, économique et culturel que connaît la Chrétienté occidentale. Au-delà de la figure personnelle de Louis IX – qui fut sans doute du reste un souverain plus pragmatique qu'on ne le laisse traditionnellement penser – l'auteur dresse un portrait clair de la société juive d'alors dans son rapport au pouvoir politique, dans son insertion socio-économique en cette ère de naissance du capitalisme, et dans sa vie culturelle : non seulement à travers le commentaire de la Bible et du Talmud (l'école dite des Tossafistes est encore aujourd'hui la référence absolue), mais aussi dans la réception des sciences profanes et dans l'interaction avec le monde intellectuel chrétien.

Author: Esther Benbassa
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 1400823145
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 304

View

Book Description
In the first English-language edition of a general, synthetic history of French Jewry from antiquity to the present, Esther Benbassa tells the intriguing tale of the social, economic, and cultural vicissitudes of a people in diaspora. With verve and insight, she reveals the diversity of Jewish life throughout France's regions, while showing how Jewish identity has constantly redefined itself in a country known for both the Rights of Man and the Dreyfus affair. Beginning with late antiquity, she charts the migrations of Jews into France and traces their fortunes through the making of the French kingdom, the Revolution, the rise of modern anti-Semitism, and the current renewal of interest in Judaism. As early as the fourth century, Jews inhabited Roman Gaul, and by the reign of Charlemagne, some figured prominently at court. The perception of Jewish influence on France's rulers contributed to a clash between church and monarchy that would culminate in the mass expulsion of Jews in the fourteenth century. The book examines the re-entry of small numbers of Jews as New Christians in the Southwest and the emergence of a new French Jewish population with the country's acquisition of Alsace and Lorraine. The saga of modernity comes next, beginning with the French Revolution and the granting of citizenship to French Jews. Detailed yet quick-paced discussions of key episodes follow: progress made toward social and political integration, the shifting social and demographic profiles of Jews in the 1800s, Jewish participation in the economy and the arts, the mass migrations from Eastern Europe at the turn of the twentieth century, the Dreyfus affair, persecution under Vichy, the Holocaust, and the postwar arrival of North African Jews. Reinterpreting such themes as assimilation, acculturation, and pluralism, Benbassa finds that French Jews have integrated successfully without always risking loss of identity. Published to great acclaim in France, this book brings important current issues to bear on the study of Judaism in general, while making for dramatic reading.

Author: Paul Salmona
Publisher:
ISBN: 9782757704462
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 215

View

Book Description
Dans le roman national, Louis IX est l'archétype du souverain sage rendant la justice sous son chêne de Vincennes, et le modèle du roi pieux, acquéreur de la Sainte Couronne, qui meurt à Tunis pendant la huitième croisade. Pour l'Eglise catholique, qui le canonise vingt-sept ans seulement après sa mort, c'est un saint. Dans l'histoire juive, il laisse l'image d'un monarque antijuif, considéré comme un persécuteur. Ses ordonnances contre l'usure, ses mesures pour imposer aux juifs le port de la rouelle, les autodafés de livres rabbiniques qu'il ordonne, font de lui le plus antijuif des Capétiens. Mais sa politique à l'endroit des juifs est plus ambivalente qu'il n'y paraît. Contrairement à son grand-père Philippe Auguste - qui les expulse en 1182 - et à son petit-fils Philippe le Bel - qui en fait autant en 1306 -, Saint Louis n'a finalement jamais banni les juifs de son royaume. Les actes du colloque tenu dans le cadre de l'exposition "Saint Louis", donnent l'occasion à une vingtaine de spécialistes de replacer la législation à l'égard des juifs dans la politique générale de Louis IX. Ainsi sont révélés des éclairages nouveaux sur des aspects mal connus de son règne.

Author: William Chester Jordan
Publisher: University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN: 1512805327
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 384

View

Book Description
From 1179 to 1328 relations between French Christians and Jews were chronically unstable—exploitation, repression, and expulsion were sanctioned by a government dedicated to a purified Christian state. The French Monarchy and the Jews tells in rich and compelling detail the fate of the Jews in Capetian France. William Chester Jordan assesses the relationship between "Jewish policy" and the development of royal institutions and ide­ ology in the period during which the foundations of the French state were being laid. The royal policy in the early period (the reign of Philip Augustus) was erratic. Official efforts to humiliate the Jews and ruin their businesses were alternated with attempts to provide a climate that encouraged their business while at the same time imposing economic and social disabilities that made other aspects of their lives intolerable. Louis IX, on the other hand, was single-minded in his efforts to induce the Jews to convert. Whatever the policies, Jordan attempts to measure their impact on Jewish and Christian communities. During the reign of Philip the Fair, the Jews were expelled and their property confiscated to the financial benefit of the crown. Jordan comprehensively evaluates the effects of the expulsion of the Jews themselves, especially during the first years of their exile to the principalities bordering the French king's domain. The experience of the Jews during the Middle Ages has been a subject of increasing scholarly interest, and The French Monarchy and the Jews will prove useful to any student or scholar of medieval history.

Author: Sean L. Field
Publisher: Cornell University Press
ISBN: 1501736213
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 191

View

Book Description
The rise of the Capetian dynasty across the long thirteenth century, which rested in part on the family's perceived sanctity, is a story most often told through the actions of male figures, from Louis IX's metamorphosis into "Saint Louis" to Philip IV's attacks on Pope Boniface VIII. In Courting Sanctity, Sean L. Field argues that, in fact, holy women were central to the Capetian's self-presentation as being uniquely favored by God. Tracing the shifting relationship between holy women and the French royal court, he shows that the roles and influence of these women were questioned and reshaped under Philip III and increasingly assumed to pose physical, spiritual, and political threats by the time of Philip IV's death. Field's narrative highlights six holy women. The saintly reputations of Isabelle of France and Douceline of Digne helped to crystalize the Capetians' claims of divine favor by 1260. In the 1270s, the French court faced a crisis that centered on the testimony of Elizabeth of Spalbeek, a visionary holy woman from the Low Countries. After 1300, the arrests and interrogations of Paupertas of Metz, Margueronne of Bellevillette, and Marguerite Porete served to bolster Philip IV's crusades against the dangers supposedly threatening the kingdom of France. Courting Sanctity thus reassesses key turning points in the ascent of the "most Christian" Capetian court through examinations of the lives and images of the holy women that the court sanctified or defamed.

Author: William Chester Jordan
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 1400869668
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 310

View

Book Description
Louis IX has long been known both as a saintly crusader and as the founder of effective royal administration in France. But, in spite of a vast amount of research, the details of what happened under his rule and why it happened have been little understood. Synthesizing this research from a thematic perspective, William Chester Jordan integrates the various facets of the king's reign from 1226 to 1270 to show how the monarch's reforms were inextricably connected with his crusades. Originally published in 1979. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Author: Rowan Dorin
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 0691240922
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 392

View

Book Description
Introduction -- Expulsion, Jews, and Usury: Trajectories of Christian Thought and Practice -- Inventing Expulsion in England, 1154-1272 -- Inventing Expulsion in France, 1144-1270 -- Canonizing Expulsion: The Second Council of Lyon, 1274 -- Disseminating Expulsion: Synods, Summas, and Sermons -- Emulating Expulsion: England and France, 1274-1306 -- Ignoring Expulsion: Episcopal Evasion and Papal Inaction, 1274-1400 -- Expanding (and Impeding) Expulsion: Jews, Usury, and Canon Law, 1300-1492 -- Conclusion.

Author:
Publisher: CUA Press
ISBN: 0813234352
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 286

View

Book Description
An anonymous minstrel in thirteenth-century France composed this gripping account of historical events in his time. Crusaders and Muslim forces battle for control of the Holy Land, while power struggles rage between and among religious authorities and their conflicting secular counterparts, pope and German emperor, the kings of England and the kings of France. Meanwhile, the kings cannot count on their independent-minded barons to support or even tolerate the royal ambitions. Although politics (and the collapse of a royal marriage) frame the narrative, the logistics of war are also in play: competing military machinery and the challenges of transporting troops and matariel. Inevitably, the civilian population suffers. The minstrel was a professional story-teller, and his livelihood likely depended on his ability to captivate an audience. Beyond would-be objective reporting, the minstrel dramatizes events through dialogue, while he delves into the motives and intentions of important figures, and imparts traditional moral guidance. We follow the deeds of many prominent women and witness striking episodes in the lives of Eleanor of Aquitaine, Richard the Lionhearted, Blanche of Castile, Frederick the Great, Saladin, and others. These tales survive in several manuscripts, suggesting that they enjoyed significant success and popularity in their day. Samuel N. Rosenberg produced this first scholarly translation of the Old French tales into English. References that might have been obvious to the minstrel’s original audience are explained for the modern reader in the indispensable annotations of medieval historian Randall Todd Pippenger. The introduction by eminent medievalist William Chester Jordan places the minstrel’s work in historical context and discusses the surviving manuscript sources.

Author: William Chester Jordan
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 0691210411
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 198

View

Book Description
The thirteenth century brought new urgency to Catholic efforts to convert non-Christians, and no Catholic ruler was more dedicated to this undertaking than King Louis IX of France. His military expeditions against Islam are well documented, but there was also a peaceful side to his encounter with the Muslim world, one that has received little attention until now. This splendid book shines new light on the king’s program to induce Muslims—the “apple of his eye”—to voluntarily convert to Christianity and resettle in France. It recovers a forgotten but important episode in the history of the Crusades while providing a rare window into the fraught experiences of the converts themselves. William Chester Jordan transforms our understanding of medieval Christian-Muslim relations by telling the stories of the Muslims who came to France to live as Christians. Under what circumstances did they willingly convert? How successfully did they assimilate into French society? What forms of resistance did they employ? In examining questions like these, Jordan weaves a richly detailed portrait of a dazzling yet violent age whose lessons still resonate today. Until now, scholars have dismissed historical accounts of the king’s peaceful conversion of Muslims as hagiographical and therefore untrustworthy. Jordan takes these narratives seriously—and uncovers archival evidence to back them up. He brings his findings marvelously to life in this succinct and compelling book, setting them in the context of the Seventh Crusade and the universalizing Catholic impulse to convert the world.