Author: Stan LebowPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Leaching
Languages : en
Pages : 40
Book Description
Leaching of Wood Preservative Components and Their Mobility in the Environment
Author: Stan LebowLeaching of Wood Preservative Components and Their Mobility in the Environment
Author: Stan T. LebowPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Leaching
Languages : en
Pages : 36
Book Description
Preservative-treated wood is an economical, durable, and aesthetically pleasing building material; therefore, it is a natural choice for construction projects in our National Forests, National Parks, and other public lands. However, we need to ensure that the chemicals used in treated wood do not pose a threat to people or the environment. The purpose of this report is to provide a summary of the pertinent literature on leaching of wood preservative components and their mobility in the environment. The waterborne wood preservatives chromated copper arsenate (CCA), ammoniacal copper zinc arsenate (ACZA), ammoniacal copper quat (ACQ), copper dimethyldithiocarbamate (CDDC), and ammoniacal copper citrate (CC) resist leaching during service because of complex chemical reactions that take place within the treated wood. The effectiveness of these reactions in preventing leaching is dependent on treating factors, such as preservative formulation, preservative retention, and processing techniques, as well as post-treatment conditioning factors, such as temperature, humidity, and air flow. Copper naphthenate, an oilborne wood preservative, resists leaching because it is relatively insoluble in water. Little information is available on the inservice leaching rates of any of these wood preservatives, although CCA has been studied more extensively than the other preservatives. Past studies report widely varying leaching rates, but generally agree that the most rapid leaching occurs within the first months of service and is greatest in products with high retention levels and high proportions of exposed surface area, especially end-grain. Leaching is also increased by exposing the wood to high water flow, low pH, and water-soluble organic acids. Movement of leached chromium and copper appears quite limited in soil, because the metals are tightly bound to organic soil constituents. Arsenic is slightly more mobile in soil, but binds to iron, aluminum, and manganese. Generally, the preservative components are least mobile in organic soils, slightly more mobile in clay soils, and most mobile in sandy soils. In aquatic applications, the leached preservative components form complexes with the organic sediment fines, and accordingly are either deposited or moved downstream with the sediments. Additional research is needed to characterize typical in-service leaching rates of these preservatives and to determine how processing parameters affect long-term leaching rates. Keywords: wood preservatives, leaching, in service, CCA, ACZA, ACQ, CDDC, CC, copper napthenate.
Wood in Transportation Publications List
Author: Wood in Transportation National Information CenterPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wood
Languages : en
Pages : 30
Book Description
Design of Wood Highway Sound Barriers
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Noise barriers
Languages : en
Pages : 66
Book Description
As new and existing U.S. residential areas and high volume highways continue to intermingle, traffic noise abatement procedures continue to be important. This study investigated the acoustic effectiveness, public acceptance, and structural requirements of various designs and types of sound barriers. In addition, the acoustic effectiveness of a prototype sound barrier is reported. Results are presented on the acoustic effectiveness from in situ measurements of one cement bonded composite panel barrier and four precast concrete, two plywood, two glued-laminated, and three post and panel barriers. The research on public acceptance of sound barriers focused on the perception of visual compatibility. Based on results from semantic-differential and individual ratings, wood and concrete barrier designs were perceived to have favored gbsruralgcs qualities. Data collected during the research on acoustic effectiveness and public acceptance were used to develop structural requirements and construction details for a prototype wood sound barrier. The prototype wood sound barrier provided insertion losses of 15 dB or greater, exceeding the 10-dB acceptable performance for a highway sound barrier.
Materials
Author: Materials, a Report of the U.S. Interagency Working Group on Industrial Ecology, Material and Energy Flows
Author: U.S. Interagency Working Group on Industrial Ecology, Material and Energy FlowsPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Conservation of natural resources
Languages : en
Pages : 36
Book Description
Trends in Hazardous Materials Research
Author: Edward C. BookingPublisher: Nova Publishers
ISBN: 9781600213359
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 250
Book Description
Hazardous waste is a waste with properties that make it dangerous or potentially harmful to human health or the environment. Hazardous waste generally exhibits one or more of these characteristics: ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity or toxicity. The universe of hazardous wastes is large and diverse. Hazardous wastes can be liquids, solids, contained gases, or sludges. They can be the by-products of manufacturing processes or simply discarded commercial products, like cleaning fluids or pesticides. One major type is radioactive waste. This book brings together the latest research in this diverse field.
Environmental Impacts of Treated Wood
Author: Timothy G. TownsendPublisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420006215
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 521
Book Description
Responding to a heightened awareness of the possible adverse effect of treated wood, this book presents multidisciplinary research results and fundamental information on regulations, wood treatment alternatives, and documentation of environmental releases. It examines the impact of treated wood on water, soil, and organisms. Several chapters discuss ways to measure exposure and review various approaches to risk assessment and management. Case studies address human health effects of exposure. The book also presents state-of-the-art disposal technologies, new preservative compounds, and recent developments related to phase outs of certain treated wood products.
Research Paper FPL-RP
Author: Selection and Use of Preservative Treated Wood in Forest Service Recreational Structures
Author: Stan T. LebowPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Building, Wooden
Languages : en
Pages : 20
Book Description