Le foncier rural dans les pays du Sud PDF Download

Author: Collectif
Publisher: IRD Éditions
ISBN: 2709929813
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : fr
Pages : 1008

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Book Description
Dans les pays du Sud, l’accès à la terre et à ses ressources ainsi que son contrôle et ses usages représentent des questions cruciales. Au cœur des défis de la construction de l’État, du développement agricole, de la sécurité alimentaire et de la durabilité environnementale, le foncier est aussi un marqueur identitaire et une source récurrente de conflits. Depuis vingt ans, de nombreuses recherches ont renouvelé les savoirs sur ces questions. Dans une approche processuelle et pluridisciplinaire, cet ouvrage propose un état des lieux sur les dynamiques foncières rurales au Sud. S’appuyant sur une très riche bibliographie internationale, il traite des principaux thèmes liés aux questions foncières : depuis les pratiques et dynamiques locales (évolution des droits sur la terre, marchés fonciers, conflits...) jusqu’aux politiques publiques (réformes agraires, programmes de formalisation des droits sur la terre), en passant par les enjeux de méthode de recherche et d’expertise foncières. Chaque chapitre propose une mise en dialogue critique entre les questionnements, les catégories d’analyse et les résultats de la recherche. Somme sans équivalent sur le sujet, cet ouvrage constitue un outil de référence pour tous ceux qui, étudiants, chercheurs ou praticiens du développement, souhaitent approfondir leur compréhension des dynamiques foncières dans les mondes ruraux contemporains.

Author: Jean-Philippe Colin
Publisher:
ISBN: 9782709928779
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 0

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Author:
Publisher: KARTHALA Editions
ISBN: 2811132279
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 542

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Book Description
Depuis une quinzaine d'années, la thématique foncière revient en force dans le champ des politiques de développement et dans celui de la recherche. Ce regain d'intérêt exprime des enjeux multiples : accroissement de la productivité du secteur agricole, réduction de la pauvreté, duralibité socio-environnementale, sécurité alimentaire, prévention des conflits. Un axe fort de la mise en agenda politique de la question foncière concerne la reconnaissance des droits des familles et des communautés rurales dont les terres sont gouvernées sous un régime "coutumier". Depuis le début des années 1990, cet objectif a généré une importante ingénierie institutionnelle, à travers la production de textes légaux et de programmes d'enregistrement des droits fonciers dans les pays du Sud. Le présent ouvrage propose une lecture de ces interventions qui privilégie leurs enjeux politiques, à partir d'études empiriques conduites en Afrique subsaharienne, en Amérique latine et en Asie du Sud-Est.

Author: François Bourguignon
Publisher:
ISBN: 1009278509
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 450

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Benin is a small, slow-growing economy whose development relies on two sources of rent that are controlled by self-centred elites: cotton export and illegal cross-border trade with Nigeria. Patrimonialism governs Beninese society as a forceful struggle for political power takes place between the oligarchs who control these sources and use them as formidable levers of power. State Capture and Rent-Seeking in Benin argues that this struggle causes the instability and unpredictability of economic policies, resulting in institutional problems that make economic diversification and growth difficult. Based on a thorough account of the economic, social, and political development of Benin, this institutional diagnostic provides a detailed analysis of its critical institution- and development-sensitive areas such as electoral campaign finance, state capture by business and elites, management of the cotton sector, the tax effort, the informal trading between Benin and Nigeria, and the political economy of land reform.

Author: Stéphanie Leyronas
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464819920
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 283

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Book Description
'The Commons' explores the many forms of development being championed by Africa's residents, users, and citizens. In addition to managing property and shared tangible and intangible resources collectively, communities are experimenting with a concept of 'commoning' founded on values such as community, engagement, reciprocity, and trust. In practice, their approach takes the form of land-based commons, housing cooperatives, hybrid cultural spaces or places for innovation, and collaborative digital platforms. The purpose of this book, where observation of historical and recent practices converges with new theories within commons scholarship, is not to promote commons themselves. Rather, it examines the tensions, drivers of change, and opportunities that surround commons dynamics in Africa. This book highlights the abundance of commons-based entrepreneurial processes in Sub-Saharan Africa and shows that partnerships between African public authorities and communities involved in the commons can be powerful drivers of sustainable development for the continent.

Author: Robert McLeman
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317272242
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 518

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Book Description
The last twenty years have seen a rapid increase in scholarly activity and publications dedicated to environmental migration and displacement, and the field has now reached a point in terms of profile, complexity, and sheer volume of reporting that a general review and assessment of existing knowledge and future research priorities is warranted. So far, such a product does not exist. The Routledge Handbook of Environmental Displacement and Migration provides a state-of-the-science review of research on how environmental variability and change influence current and future global migration patterns and, in some instances, trigger large-scale population displacements. Drawing together contributions from leading researchers in the field, this compendium will become a go-to guide for established and newly interested scholars, for government and policymaking entities, and for students and their instructors. It explains theoretical, conceptual, and empirical developments that have been made in recent years; describes their origins and connections to broader topics including migration research, development studies, and international public policy and law; and highlights emerging areas where new and/or additional research and reflection are warranted. The structure and the nature of the book allow the reader to quickly find a concise review relevant to conducting research or developing policy on particular topics, and to obtain a broad, reliable survey of what is presently known about the subject.

Author: Jean-Pierre Oliver De-Sardan
Publisher: Zed Books Ltd.
ISBN: 1848136137
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 377

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Book Description
This book re-establishes the relevance of mainstream anthropological (and sociological) approaches to development processes and simultaneously recognizes that contemporary development ought to be anthropology‘s principal area of study. Professor de Sardan argues for a socio-anthropology of change and development that is a deeply empirical, multidimensional, diachronic study of social groups and their interactions. The Introduction provides a thought-provoking examination of the principal new approaches that have emerged in the discipline during the 1990s. Part I then makes clear the complexity of social change and development, and the ways in which socio-anthropology can measure up to the challenge of this complexity. Part II looks more closely at some of the leading variables involved in the development process, including relations of production; the logics of social action; the nature of knowledge; forms of mediation; and ‘political‘ strategies.

Author: Bernard Yapo Kouassi
Publisher: KARTHALA Editions
ISBN: 284586972X
Category : Agricultural productivity
Languages : fr
Pages : 186

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Book Description
En Afrique de l'Ouest, une série de facteurs contribue à la baisse de la productivité agricole : la dégradation de l'environnement, la forte croissance démographique, les attaques acridiennes, la performance insuffisante des économies. De nombreux pays enregistrent d'énormes déficits alimentaires. Une telle situation ne peut être améliorée qu'à partir de l'adoption de nouvelles technologies visant à l'obtention de meilleurs rendements. Dans cet ouvrage organisé en quatre chapitres, les auteurs se penchent sur les déterminants d'une meilleure productivité agricole. L'accent est surtout mis sur les aléas climatiques de ces dernières décennies, marquées par de fortes irrégularités saisonnières et une baisse régulière de la pluviométrie. Aux aléas climatiques s'ajoute le problème de la fertilité des sols caractérisé le plus souvent par un faible taux de matières organiques : carence en phosphore et en azote, complexe absorbant insuffisant, petite capacité de rétention en eau, etc. Enfin, dans les régions à forte densité de population ( exemples du Ghana et du Togo ), le taux de croissance démographique élevé agit négativement sur le potentiel foncier, caractérisé par la dégradation des ressources naturelles. Les auteurs exposent ici les réalités de ces facteurs déterminants pour la sécurité alimentaire, afin de permettre aux décideurs de mieux les intégrer à leur politique de développement du secteur agricole.

Author: Justine M. Williams
Publisher: Food First Books
ISBN: 0935028196
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 313

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Book Description
In recent decades, the various strands of the food movement have made enormous strides in calling attention the many shortcomings and injustices of our food and agricultural system. Farmers, activists, scholars, and everyday citizens have also worked creatively to rebuild local food economies, advocate for food justice, and promote more sustainable, agroecological farming practices. However, the movement for fairer, healthier, and more autonomous food is continually blocked by one obstacle: land access. As long as land remains unaffordable and inaccessible to most people, we cannot truly transform the food system. The term land-grabbing is most commonly used to refer to the large-scale acquisition of agricultural land in Asian, African, or Latin American countries by foreign investors. However, land has and continues to be “grabbed” in North America, as well, through discrimination, real estate speculation, gentrification, financialization, extractive energy production, and tourism. This edited volume, with chapters from a wide range of activists and scholars, explores the history of land theft, dispossession, and consolidation in the United States. It also looks at alternative ways forward toward democratized, land justice, based on redistributive policies and cooperative ownership models. With prefaces from leaders in the food justice and family farming movements, the book opens with a look at the legacies of white-settler colonialism in the southwestern United States. From there, it moves into a collectively-authored section on Black Agrarianism, which details the long history of land dispossession among Black farmers in the southeastern US, as well as the creative acts of resistance they have used to acquire land and collectively farm it. The next section, on gender, explores structural and cultural discrimination against women landowners in the Midwest and also role of “womanism” in land-based struggles. Next, a section on the cross-border implications of land enclosures and consolidations includes a consideration of what land justice could mean for farm workers in the US, followed by an essay on the challenges facing young and aspiring farmers. Finally, the book explores the urban dimensions of land justice and their implications for locally-autonomous food systems, and lessons from previous struggles for democratized land access. Ultimately, the book makes the case that to move forward to a more equitable, just, sustainable, and sovereign agriculture system, the various strands of the food movement must come together for land justice.

Author: Gérard Béaur
Publisher: Brepols Publishers
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 540

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Book Description
Phillipp Schofield is Professor of Medieval History and Head of the Department of History and Welsh History, Aberystwyth University. His research interests focus on rural society in England in the high and late Middle Ages.