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Author: Great Britain: Law Commission Publisher: The Stationery Office ISBN: 9780101871129 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 308
Book Description
This project, following a joint consultation in 2010, aims to modernise and clarify the safety regime governing level crossings in Great Britain. It aims to make it easier to close level crossings where necessary and preserve rights of way where appropriate. It recommends that safety should be regulated entirely by the Health and Safety at Work, etc Act 1974, and approved codes of practice and guidance under new powers given to the Office of Rail Regulation. Modern safety regulation should also take precedence over safety provisions in special Acts. It is also recommended that the Level Crossings Act 1983 be repealed. In place of level crossing orders under that Act, there should be regulations making provision for level crossing plans which may be entered into voluntarily in respect of public and private level crossings if the parties whish to create such an arrangement. Also recommended are creation of duties on railway operators and traffic authorities; clarification of boundaries between the enforcement responsibilities of the Office of Rail Regulation and those of the Health and Safety Executive; and disapplication of obsolete statutory provisions. Most of the recommendations for reform of the law are given effect in the draft Level Crossings Bill and draft Level Crossings Plans Regulations both of which are included in the report
Author: Great Britain: Law Commission Publisher: The Stationery Office ISBN: 9780101871129 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 308
Book Description
This project, following a joint consultation in 2010, aims to modernise and clarify the safety regime governing level crossings in Great Britain. It aims to make it easier to close level crossings where necessary and preserve rights of way where appropriate. It recommends that safety should be regulated entirely by the Health and Safety at Work, etc Act 1974, and approved codes of practice and guidance under new powers given to the Office of Rail Regulation. Modern safety regulation should also take precedence over safety provisions in special Acts. It is also recommended that the Level Crossings Act 1983 be repealed. In place of level crossing orders under that Act, there should be regulations making provision for level crossing plans which may be entered into voluntarily in respect of public and private level crossings if the parties whish to create such an arrangement. Also recommended are creation of duties on railway operators and traffic authorities; clarification of boundaries between the enforcement responsibilities of the Office of Rail Regulation and those of the Health and Safety Executive; and disapplication of obsolete statutory provisions. Most of the recommendations for reform of the law are given effect in the draft Level Crossings Bill and draft Level Crossings Plans Regulations both of which are included in the report
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309314852 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 270
Book Description
The growing problem of changing environmental conditions caused by climate destabilization is well recognized as one of the defining issues of our time. The root problem is greenhouse gas emissions, and the fundamental solution is curbing those emissions. Climate geoengineering has often been considered to be a "last-ditch" response to climate change, to be used only if climate change damage should produce extreme hardship. Although the likelihood of eventually needing to resort to these efforts grows with every year of inaction on emissions control, there is a lack of information on these ways of potentially intervening in the climate system. As one of a two-book report, this volume of Climate Intervention discusses albedo modification - changing the fraction of incoming solar radiation that reaches the surface. This approach would deliberately modify the energy budget of Earth to produce a cooling designed to compensate for some of the effects of warming associated with greenhouse gas increases. The prospect of large-scale albedo modification raises political and governance issues at national and global levels, as well as ethical concerns. Climate Intervention: Reflecting Sunlight to Cool Earth discusses some of the social, political, and legal issues surrounding these proposed techniques. It is far easier to modify Earth's albedo than to determine whether it should be done or what the consequences might be of such an action. One serious concern is that such an action could be unilaterally undertaken by a small nation or smaller entity for its own benefit without international sanction and regardless of international consequences. Transparency in discussing this subject is critical. In the spirit of that transparency, Climate Intervention: Reflecting Sunlight to Cool Earth was based on peer-reviewed literature and the judgments of the authoring committee; no new research was done as part of this study and all data and information used are from entirely open sources. By helping to bring light to this topic area, this book will help leaders to be far more knowledgeable about the consequences of albedo modification approaches before they face a decision whether or not to use them.
Author: Hinton Rowan Helper Publisher: Gale Cengage Learning ISBN: Category : Enslaved persons Languages : en Pages : 224
Book Description
This book condemns slavery, by appealed to whites' rational self-interest, rather than any altruism towards blacks. Helper claimed that slavery hurt the Southern economy by preventing economic development and industrialization, and that it was the main reason why the South had progressed so much less than the North since the late 18th century.
Author: Sanjay Kathuria Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 1464812950 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 218
Book Description
Trade has played a critical role in global poverty reduction. In harnessing the potential of trade, some of the most successful countries have developed strong trade relationships with their neighbors. However, many South Asian countries have trade regimes that often offset the positive impact of geography and proximity. This report documents systematically the gaps between current and potential trade in South Asia and addresses important specific barriers that have held trade back. These barriers include tariffs and paratariffs, real and perceived nontariff barriers, connectivity costs, and the broader trust deficit. This policy-focused report unpacks these critical barriers to effective trade integration in South Asia through four in-depth studies that produce new, detailed, on-the-ground knowledge. Three of the studies are based on extensive stakeholder consultations. Two also rely on tailored surveys. The fourth study, on tariffs, benefits from new data on paratariffs. The report also marshals new evidence showing how trading regimes in South Asia discriminate against each other. Given the South Asian context, incremental, yet concrete steps aimed at tapping the potential of deeper integration are appropriate. The report has been drafted in this spirit. It offers precise, actionable policy recommendations that could help achieve measurable progress in key areas of trade and integration that would be to the advantage of all countries in the region.
Author: Great Britain: Law Commission
Author: Great Britain: Law Commission
Author: Great Britain. Parliament. House of Lords
Author: Stationery Office (Great Britain)
Author: 
Author: National Research Council
Author: Clare Lise Cavicchi
Author: 
Author: Hinton Rowan Helper
Author: David Clark
Author: Sanjay Kathuria