英米佛露ノ各國及支那國間ノ條約 PDF Download

Author: Japan. 外務省. 條約局
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : China
Languages : en
Pages : 2690

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Author: China
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : China
Languages : en
Pages : 932

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Author: Larry M. Hyman
Publisher: Peeters Publishers
ISBN: 9782852970694
Category : Bantu languages
Languages : en
Pages : 906

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Author: J. R. Watson
Publisher: Nelson Thornes
ISBN: 9780174444213
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
Languages : en
Pages : 260

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Author: Ursula Reutner
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN: 3110626179
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 662

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With more than two thousand languages spread over its territory, multilingualism is a common reality in Africa. The main official languages of most African countries are Indo-European, in many instances Romance. As they were primarily brought to Africa in the era of colonization, the areas discussed in this volume are thirty-five states that were once ruled by Belgium, France, Italy, Portugal, or Spain, and the African regions still belonging to three of them. Twenty-six states are presented in relation to French, four to Italian, six to Portuguese, and two to Spanish. They are considered in separate chapters according to their sociolinguistic situation, linguistic history, external language policy, linguistic characteristics, and internal language policy. The result is a comprehensive overview of the Romance languages in modern-day Africa. It follows a coherent structure, offers linguistic and sociolinguistic information, and illustrates language contact situations, power relations, as well as the cross-fertilization and mutual enrichment emerging from the interplay of languages and cultures in Africa.

Author: David Baillie Wardon
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 154

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Author: Chantal J. Zabus
Publisher: Rodopi
ISBN: 9042022248
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 283

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Uniting a sense of the political dimensions of language appropriation with a serious, yet accessible linguistic terminology, The African Palimpsest examines the strategies of `indigenization? whereby West African writers have made their literary English or French distinctively `African'. Through the apt metaphor of the palimpsest ? a surface that has been written on, written over, partially erased and written over again ? the book examines such well-known West African writers as Achebe, Armah, Ekwensi, Kourouma, Okara, Saro?Wiwa, Soyinka and Tutuola as well as lesser-known writers from francophone and anglophone Africa. Providing a great variety of case-studies in Nigerian Pidgin, Akan, Igbo, Maninka, Yoruba, Wolof and other African languages, the book also clarifies the vital interface between Europhone African writing and the new outlets for African artistic expression in (auto-)translation, broadcast television, radio and film.Hailed as a classic in the 1990s, The African Palimpsest is here reprinted in a completely revised edition, with a new Introduction, updated data and bibliography, and with due consideration of more recent theoretical approaches.'A very valuable book ? a detailed exploration in its concern with language change as demonstrated in post-colonial African literatures? Bill Ashcroft, University of New South Wales ?Apart from its great documentary value, The African Palimpsest provides many theoretical concepts that will be useful to scholars of African literatures, linguists in general ? as well as comparatists who want to gain fresh insights into the processes by which Vulgar Latin once gave birth to the Romance languages.' Ahmed Sheikh Bangura, University of California, Santa Barbara ?As Zabus? book suggests, it is the area where the various languages of a community meet and cross-over ? that is likely to provide the most productive site for the generation of a new literature that is true to the real linguistic situation that pertains in so much of contemporary urban Africa.' Stewart Brown, University of Birmingham

Author: Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bills, Legislative
Languages : en
Pages : 640

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Author: Commonwealth Shipping Committee
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Shipping
Languages : en
Pages : 1470

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Author: Philippe Blanchet
Publisher: Peeters Publishers
ISBN: 9789042907911
Category : Foreign Language Study
Languages : fr
Pages : 210

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Ce volume réunit les contributions de quelques-uns des meilleurs spécialistes des langues régionales de France, réunis dans un cadre extérieur à l'hexagone pour un bilan distancié, interdisciplinaire et comparatif. Les textes, en français et en anglais, sont organisés en trois grandes parties : situation générale, problèmes institutionnels, études de cas. Des (socio)linguistes, ethnologues, géographes, juristes, responsbles de l'enseignement, couvrent le panorama global des problèmes qui se posent, soit par des analyses transversales de questions générales (identification, vitalité, perception politique), soit par l'analyse d'exemples précis (taux de pratiques diverses, situation institutionnelle et juridique, médias, actions culturelles, enseignement) pris dans six langues différentes (alsacien, basque, breton, corse, occitan, provençal). Trois caractéristiques originales marquent cet ensemble : une confrontation complémentaire entre une vision francophone et une vision anglophone de la question, la méthode du bilan global par échantillonnage, et enfin le souci d'articuler analyse scientifique et réflexion humaniste, observation objective et actions concrètes. Dans cet "état des lieux" à un tournant historique, se dessinent des pistes de repositionnement scientifique des problèmes ainsi que des mesures administratives et politiques. Des perspectives d'aménagment et d'évolutions sont évoquées, à partir d'une réflexion située dans le cadre de la transition vers l'Union européenne et de l'ouverture croissante des relations internationales.