Author: Petra A. Duran Publisher: ISBN: Category : Hispanic American teenage mothers Languages : en Pages : 112
Book Description
Adolescent mothers and their children are at an increased risk for compromised development. In particular, children of adolescent mothers face delays in language development, which poses further risks to their overall functioning. Research indicates that parenting stress and the quality of maternal behaviors are key areas of difficulty for adolescent mothers, and these difficulties have each been associated with poor language functioning in the larger literature. Notably, Abidin's parenting stress theory proposes direct links between parenting stress, child language functioning and parenting behavior, as well as an indirect relation through parenting. However, there is a lack of studies examining how these variables work together to influence language development, especially among minority and adolescent mothers. To the author's knowledge, no study has investigated the meditational effect between parenting stress and language development in these populations. Therefore, we know little about how parenting stress and specific parenting behaviors relate to each other or to child outcomes in adolescent families of Latino origin. The current study sought to add to the literature by using a within group design to examine if Abidin's parenting stress model extends to a sample of Latina adolescent mothers and their 18-month-old children. The current study also explored the differential roles of child and parent domain stress, as well as the relative roles of sensitivity and cognitive-growth fostering parenting behavior to inform intervention and prevention efforts for Latina adolescent mothers and their children. Findings showed some support for Abidin's parenting stress model. Results were consistent with theory in that child domain stress related to a parenting behavior composite. However, there were no significant relations from stress in the child and parent domain to language functioning, as well as from stress in the parent domain to parenting behaviors. Notably, the relations from child and parent stress domains to parenting behavior were significantly different, indicating that child domain stress had a unique effect on parenting behavior. Consistent with the literature, relations between parenting and children's language functioning emerged. Specifically, maternal cognitive-growth fostering and sensitivity behaviors have differential effects on language functioning in which only cognitive-growth fostering behaviors significantly related to language scores. Importantly, consistent with Abidin's model, cognitive-growth fostering behavior mediated the relation between parenting stress and language. Results are discussed considering limitations, implications for prevention and treatment programs, and future research directions.
Author: Petra A. Duran Publisher: ISBN: Category : Hispanic American teenage mothers Languages : en Pages : 118
Book Description
Previous research on the relation between maternal behavior and child outcomes has focused on samples of European American and African American adolescent mothers, and no study has examined the relation between maternal behavior and cognitive and language functioning among adolescents of Latina origin. The current study added to the literature by examining the relations between individual maternal behaviors and child cognitive and language functioning in a sample of 170 Latina adolescent mothers (of primarily Puerto Rican origin) and their toddlers. Toddlers' mean cognitive and language composite scores were within normal limits, but there was substantial variability in scores. In addition, there was a high percent of children who scored below 1 SD of the mean, which is consistent with studies of poor children and children of minority and adolescent mothers. Consistent with the literature, a few associations between maternal behavior and child functioning emerged. Specifically, maternal sensitivity, intrusiveness, positive affect, repertoire and vocalizations related to child language scores. Only maternal vocalizations marginally related to cognitive scores. Results also showed that sensitivity-nonintrusiveness, positive affect, and repertoire continued to relate to language scores even when socio-demographic risk factors were considered. Moreover, when examining maternal behavior, results showed that children's age and gender, maternal economic strain and child's father educational level continued to relate to language scores. Results are discussed in light of Attachment and Socio-Cultural theories of development and socio-economic issues. Implications for intervention strategies are also discussed.
Author: Valerie Maholmes, Ph.D., CAS Publisher: OUP USA ISBN: 0199769109 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 750
Book Description
Comprehensive and integrative, The Oxford Handbook of Poverty and Child Development describes the contextual and social ecology of children living in poverty and illuminates the biological and behavioral interactions that either promote optimal development or that place children at risk of having poor developmental outcomes.
Author: Lauren E. Wood Publisher: ISBN: Category : Acculturation Languages : en Pages : 71
Book Description
Specific parenting behaviors have distinct associations with children's functioning. Mothers' guiding and controlling behaviors influence the development of a child's compliance, a reflection of the child's self-regulatory abilities. Maternal strategies involving collaboration and guidance are often associated with an internalized, committed compliance, and maternal strategies demonstrating high directiveness and control are frequently related to defiance in children (Braungart-Rieker et al., 1997). However, these findings are largely based on samples of European American, adult mothers, whose parenting practices and environmental contexts differ from Latina mothers and adolescent mothers. Due to differences in cultural values, unique mother-child behavior associations are expected in samples of Latinas, as a more directive parenting style tends not to be associated with negative child outcomes as it often is for European American mothers (Ispa et al., 2004). The goal of the current study was to examine associations between maternal behaviors and child compliance and defiance behaviors with the prediction that associations between maternal control and child defiance would differ by mothers' reported orientations to both Latino (enculturation) and American (acculturation) culture. This study included 146 Latina, adolescent mothers and their 24-month-old children. Behavioral codes extracted from a toy clean-up task measured mother and child behaviors (Kochanska & Aksan, 1995), and enculturation and acculturation were measured with a maternal self-report questionnaire. The current study found a positive association between maternal gentle guidance and child committed compliance, with no significant differences by cultural orientation. Importantly, more frequent use of control was related to more child defiance for mothers reporting high levels of acculturation but not for those reporting low levels of enculturation.
Author: Marc H. Bornstein Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 0429677782 Category : Family & Relationships Languages : en Pages : 662
Book Description
This highly anticipated third edition of the Handbook of Parenting brings together an array of field-leading experts who have worked in different ways toward understanding the many diverse aspects of parenting. Contributors to the Handbook look to the most recent research and thinking to shed light on topics every parent, professional, and policymaker wonders about. Parenting is a perennially "hot" topic. After all, everyone who has ever lived has been parented, and the vast majority of people become parents themselves. No wonder bookstores house shelves of "how-to" parenting books, and magazine racks in pharmacies and airports overflow with periodicals that feature parenting advice. However, almost none of these is evidence-based. The Handbook of Parenting is. Period. Each chapter has been written to be read and absorbed in a single sitting, and includes historical considerations of the topic, a discussion of central issues and theory, a review of classical and modern research, and forecasts of future directions of theory and research. Together, the five volumes in the Handbook cover Children and Parenting, the Biology and Ecology of Parenting, Being and Becoming a Parent, Social Conditions and Applied Parenting, and the Practice of Parenting. Volume 4, Social Conditions and Applied Parenting, describes socially defined groups of parents and social conditions that promote variation in parenting. The chapters in Part I, on Social and Cultural Conditions of Parenting, start with a relational developmental systems perspective on parenting and move to considerations of ethnic and minority parenting among Latino and Latin Americans, African Americans, Asians and Asian Americans, Indigenous parents, and immigrant parents. The section concludes with considerations of disabilities, employment, and poverty on parenting. Parents are ordinarily the most consistent and caring people in children’s lives. However, parenting does not always go right or well. Information, education, and support programs can remedy potential ills. The chapters in Part II, on Applied Issues in Parenting, begin with how parenting is measured and follow with examinations of maternal deprivation, attachment, and acceptance/rejection in parenting. Serious challenges to parenting—some common, such as stress and depression, and some less common, such as substance abuse, psychopathology, maltreatment, and incarceration—are addressed as are parenting interventions intended to redress these trials.
Author: Jordan F. Weith Publisher: ISBN: Category : Language acquisition Languages : en Pages : 65
Book Description
Latino children of adolescent mothers are at risk for early language deficits, which can lead to long-term difficulties in school (Keown et al., 2001; Rescorla & Achenbach, 2002). Mother-child teaching interactions provide an important opportunity for children to develop language skills (Hohm et al., 2007; Tamis-LeMonda, C. S., Rodriguez, 2008). Most research on maternal teaching and child language outcomes has been conducted with European American adult mothers and has focused on individual teaching behaviors (Tamis-Lemonda et al., 2012). Although some studies have been conducted with Latina mothers, most have not considered within-group differences in teaching based on maternal cultural orientation (acculturation and enculturation) or examined links to children's language skills. The first goal of the current study was to identify teaching styles used by young Puerto Rican mothers and examine whether these styles were related to mothers' cultural orientation to both American (acculturation) and Latino (enculturation) cultures. The second goal was to test how these maternal teaching styles related to toddler language development. This study included 122 Puerto Rican, adolescent mothers and their toddlers. Maternal teaching behaviors were observed during a structured teaching task when children were 18 months old. Mothers also self-reported on their levels of U.S. acculturation and Puerto Rican enculturation. Language development was assessed using a standardized measure at 18 and 24-months. Using a person-centered approach, we identified three distinct teaching styles that differed in their association with cultural orientation and language development: (a) mixed directive, (b) verbally directive, (c) mixed nondirective. We found that overall, across cultural orientation levels, mothers used a combination of verbal and nonverbal behaviors, however, they differed in their use of directive and nondirective behaviors. Mothers in the mixed nondirective cluster were the least enculturated and their children had the highest language skills. Our findings highlight the importance of considering within-group differences when examining maternal teaching style and are informative in developing interventions aimed at improving early language skills in Latino children.
Author: Rica Ramirez Publisher: ISBN: Category : Bilingualism in children Languages : en Pages : 101
Book Description
This longitudinal study examined the role maternal responsiveness had on shaping Spanish and English language development in bilingual two year-old children. Because children who are bilingual language learners are oftentimes coming from low socioeconomic families it is essential that we investigate the ways in which they develop language in order to better serve this population. Maternal responsiveness is one source in which we can examine early language development of young bilingual children. Eight Latino mother-child dyads were observed and assessed at three time points. Each observation was coded for maternal responsive behaviors. Regression and multilevel modeling was used in order to assess which maternal responsive behaviors impacted Spanish and English language outcomes. Results indicated joint topic focus as being overwhelmingly impactful across Times 2 and Times 3 in both languages. Additionally, prohibition was found to be negatively influencing English language outcomes at Times 2 and Times 3. Interestingly, focus shift was found to have a positive impact on English language outcomes at Time 2. Given the findings, this work sheds light on the similarities and differences between cultures and the need for further research surrounding this population.
Author: Elisia L. Cohen Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1317936825 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 574
Book Description
Communication Yearbook 38 continues the tradition of publishing state-of-the-discipline literature reviews and essays. Editor Elisia Cohen presents a volume that is highly international and interdisciplinary in scope, with authors and chapters representing the broad global interests of the International Communication Association. The contents include summaries of communication research programs that represent the most innovative work currently. Offering a blend of chapters emphasizing timely disciplinary concerns and enduring theoretical questions, this volume will be valuable to scholars throughout communication studies.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309388570 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 525
Book Description
Decades of research have demonstrated that the parent-child dyad and the environment of the familyâ€"which includes all primary caregiversâ€"are at the foundation of children's well- being and healthy development. From birth, children are learning and rely on parents and the other caregivers in their lives to protect and care for them. The impact of parents may never be greater than during the earliest years of life, when a child's brain is rapidly developing and when nearly all of her or his experiences are created and shaped by parents and the family environment. Parents help children build and refine their knowledge and skills, charting a trajectory for their health and well-being during childhood and beyond. The experience of parenting also impacts parents themselves. For instance, parenting can enrich and give focus to parents' lives; generate stress or calm; and create any number of emotions, including feelings of happiness, sadness, fulfillment, and anger. Parenting of young children today takes place in the context of significant ongoing developments. These include: a rapidly growing body of science on early childhood, increases in funding for programs and services for families, changing demographics of the U.S. population, and greater diversity of family structure. Additionally, parenting is increasingly being shaped by technology and increased access to information about parenting. Parenting Matters identifies parenting knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with positive developmental outcomes in children ages 0-8; universal/preventive and targeted strategies used in a variety of settings that have been effective with parents of young children and that support the identified knowledge, attitudes, and practices; and barriers to and facilitators for parents' use of practices that lead to healthy child outcomes as well as their participation in effective programs and services. This report makes recommendations directed at an array of stakeholders, for promoting the wide-scale adoption of effective programs and services for parents and on areas that warrant further research to inform policy and practice. It is meant to serve as a roadmap for the future of parenting policy, research, and practice in the United States.
Author: Robert S. Weisskirch Publisher: Taylor & Francis ISBN: 1317289846 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 329
Book Description
Language Brokering in Immigrant Families: Theories and Contexts brings together an international group of researchers to share their findings on language brokering—when immigrant children translate for their parents and other adults. Given the large amount of immigration occurring worldwide, it is important to understand how language brokering may support children’s and families’ acculturation to new countries. The chapter authors include overviews of the existing literature, insights from multiple disciplines, the potential benefits and drawbacks to language brokering, and the contexts that may influence children, adolescents, and emerging adults who language broker. With the latest findings, the authors theorize on how language brokering may function and the outcomes for those who do so.
Author: Petra A. Duran
Author: Petra A. Duran
Author: Valerie Maholmes, Ph.D., CAS
Author: Lauren E. Wood
Author: Marc H. Bornstein
Author: Jordan F. Weith
Author: Rica Ramirez
Author: Elisia L. Cohen
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: Robert S. Weisskirch