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Author: Organisation des Nations Unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN: 9251380279 Category : Social Science Languages : fr Pages : 87
Book Description
Le présent rapport vient contribuer aux efforts des Nations Unies et de ses agences pour renforcer la résilience du secteur de l’agriculture face aux effets sévères de la sècheresse, doublée des effets du changement climatique et de son impact sur la survenue des extrêmes climatiques sèches. La sécheresse est un phénomène à plusieurs dimensions - météorologique, hydrologique, agricole et socio-économique -, dont le couplage avec la rareté de l’eau exacerbe la désertification et la dégradation des écosystèmes. Les observations réalisées sur l’histoire des évènements secs dans la région du Maghreb montrent que ce phénomène de sécheresse est en passe de devenir structurel et non plus une crise exceptionnelle et ponctuelle. Ce qui appelle à une réponse de fond et proactive, de manière à construire une agriculture adaptée et des communautés résilientes. La sécheresse de ces dernières années, a touché tout le Maghreb et s’est prolongée depuis l’année 2015 à début 2023 de manière intermittente. Elle a lourdement impacté les économies des pays et les niveaux de production des cultures pluviales stratégiques, principalement les céréales, ainsi que les ressources en eau disponibles pour l’irrigation et les écosystèmes naturels. Ces caractéristiques de la sécheresse sont communes aux pays du Maghreb, qui présentent un socle socioculturel, et des conditions climatiques et hydrologiques similaires. De même, les solutions développées pour atténuer les impacts de la sécheresse ou s’y adapter sont très comparables dans l’histoire de la région.
Author: Organisation des Nations Unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN: 9251380279 Category : Social Science Languages : fr Pages : 87
Book Description
Le présent rapport vient contribuer aux efforts des Nations Unies et de ses agences pour renforcer la résilience du secteur de l’agriculture face aux effets sévères de la sècheresse, doublée des effets du changement climatique et de son impact sur la survenue des extrêmes climatiques sèches. La sécheresse est un phénomène à plusieurs dimensions - météorologique, hydrologique, agricole et socio-économique -, dont le couplage avec la rareté de l’eau exacerbe la désertification et la dégradation des écosystèmes. Les observations réalisées sur l’histoire des évènements secs dans la région du Maghreb montrent que ce phénomène de sécheresse est en passe de devenir structurel et non plus une crise exceptionnelle et ponctuelle. Ce qui appelle à une réponse de fond et proactive, de manière à construire une agriculture adaptée et des communautés résilientes. La sécheresse de ces dernières années, a touché tout le Maghreb et s’est prolongée depuis l’année 2015 à début 2023 de manière intermittente. Elle a lourdement impacté les économies des pays et les niveaux de production des cultures pluviales stratégiques, principalement les céréales, ainsi que les ressources en eau disponibles pour l’irrigation et les écosystèmes naturels. Ces caractéristiques de la sécheresse sont communes aux pays du Maghreb, qui présentent un socle socioculturel, et des conditions climatiques et hydrologiques similaires. De même, les solutions développées pour atténuer les impacts de la sécheresse ou s’y adapter sont très comparables dans l’histoire de la région.
Author: Nishadi Eriyagama Publisher: IWMI ISBN: 9290907118 Category : Droughts Languages : en Pages : 36
Book Description
The study examines the global pattern and impacts of droughts through mapping several drought-related characteristics - either at a country level or at regular grid scales. It appears that arid and semi-arid areas also tend to have a higher probability of drought occurrence. It is illustrated that the African continent is lagging behind the rest of the world on many indicators related to drought-preparedness and that agricultural economies, overall, are much more vulnerable to adverse societal impacts of meteorological droughts. The study also examines the ability of various countries to satisfy their water needs during droughts using storage-related indices.
Author: Collectif Publisher: IRD Éditions ISBN: 2709922207 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 736
Book Description
This book has been published by Allenvi (French National Alliance for Environmental Research) to coincide with the 22nd Conference of Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP22) in Marrakesh. It is the outcome of work by academic researchers on both sides of the Mediterranean and provides a remarkable scientific review of the mechanisms of climate change and its impacts on the environment, the economy, health and Mediterranean societies. It will also be valuable in developing responses that draw on “scientific evidence” to address the issues of adaptation, resource conservation, solutions and risk prevention. Reflecting the full complexity of the Mediterranean environment, the book is a major scientific contribution to the climate issue, where various scientific considerations converge to break down the boundaries between disciplines.
Author: Martin Kernan Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell ISBN: 9781405179133 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 328
Book Description
This text examines the impact of climate change on freshwater ecosystems, past, present and future. It especially considers the interactions between climate change and other drivers of change including hydromorphological modification, nutrient loading, acid deposition and contamination by toxic substances using evidence from palaeolimnology, time-series analysis, space-for-time substitution, laboratory and field experiments and process modelling. The book evaluates these processes in relation to extreme events, seasonal changes in ecosystems, trends over decadal-scale time periods, mitigation strategies and ecosystem recovery. The book is also concerned with how aspects of hydrophysical, hydrochemical and ecological change can be used as early indicators of climate change in aquatic ecosystems and it addresses the implications of future climate change for freshwater ecosystem management at the catchment scale. This is an ideal book for the scientific research community, but is also accessible to Masters and senior undergraduate students.
Author: Jerry L. Hatfield Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0891183574 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 656
Book Description
Can we unlock resilience to climate stress by better understanding linkages between the environment and biological systems? Agroclimatology allows us to explore how different processes determine plant response to climate and how climate drives the distribution of crops and their productivity. Editors Jerry L. Hatfield, Mannava V.K. Sivakumar, and John H. Prueger have taken a comprehensive view of agroclimatology to assist and challenge researchers in this important area of study. Major themes include: principles of energy exchange and climatology, understanding climate change and agriculture, linkages of specific biological systems to climatology, the context of pests and diseases, methods of agroclimatology, and the application of agroclimatic principles to problem-solving in agriculture.
Author: Tetsuya Sumi Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9811629048 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 559
Book Description
This open access book brings together research studies, developments, and application-related flash flood topics on wadi systems in arid regions. The major merit of this comprehensive book is its focus on research and technical papers as well as case study applications in different regions worldwide that cover many topics and answer several scientific questions. The book chapters comprehensively and significantly highlight different scientific research disciplines related to wadi flash floods, including climatology, hydrological models, new monitoring techniques, remote sensing techniques, field investigations, international collaboration projects, risk assessment and mitigation, sedimentation and sediment transport, and groundwater quality and quantity assessment and management. In this book, the contributing authors (engineers, researchers, and professionals) introduce their recent scientific findings to develop suitable, applicable, and innovative tools for forecasting, mitigation, and water management as well as society development under seven main research themes as follows: Part 1. Wadi Flash Flood Challenges and Strategies Part 2. Hydrometeorology and Climate Changes Part 3. Rainfall–Runoff Modeling and Approaches Part 4. Disaster Risk Reduction and Mitigation Part 5. Reservoir Sedimentation and Sediment Yield Part 6. Groundwater Management Part 7. Application and Case Studies The book includes selected high-quality papers from five series of the International Symposium on Flash Floods in Wadi Systems (ISFF) that were held in 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, and 2020 in Japan, Egypt, Oman, Morocco, and Japan, respectively. These collections of chapters could provide valuable guidance and scientific content not only for academics, researchers, and students but also for decision-makers in the MENA region and worldwide.
Author: Willem Willems Publisher: ISBN: 9789088903861 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 434
Book Description
Water is vital for life, and its availability has been a concern for mankind throughout the ages. Its presence has always been ascertained in a variety of ways and the development of human society everywhere is connected with various forms of water management. Man also needed to manage water to find protection from its dangers and the need for that is increasing. In the coming decades, the impact of climate change is expected to intensify floods and droughts, affect groundwater resources, raise sea levels, increase pollution and enhance the frequency and magnitude of disasters. Societies around the world are challenged to adapt to these threats to ensure water security, economic prosperity and environmental and cultural sustainability. This book deals with the heritage of water management and the use that was made of water, as well as the impact of water management on heritage. An example of the former may be an ancient irrigation system in the Filipines or in the Middle East that still functions today, while the latter may reflect the importance of maintaining groundwater levels for the preservation of organic remains on archaeological sites or of wooden piles underneath standing buildings. In either case the papers in this book reflect the dynamic nature of water, and hence the equally dynamic relation between water management and heritage. This publication follows up on a Heritage and Water conference in Amsterdam, the first of its kind. Its main purpose is to credibly present the importance and value of heritage and historical experience for water and sustainable development, and vice versa, present the importance of water management for the protection of heritage. It presents evolving insights and concepts about Water and about Heritage from a variety of disciplines, policy and public perspectives illustrated with cases studies and aims to connect decision makers with experts such as engineers, archaeologists, historians, geographers, ecologist and landscape architects
Author: Organisation des Nations Unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture 
Author: Organisation des Nations Unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture 
Author: Nishadi Eriyagama
Author: Collectif
Author: Martin Kernan
Author: Jerry L. Hatfield
Author: Tetsuya Sumi
Author: Roué, Marie
Author: Adrian Atkinson
Author: Willem Willems
Author: Pascal Bonnet