Kinetics, Mechanism, and Computational Studies of Sulfur and Oxygen Atom Transfer Reactions Catalyzed by Rhenium(V) Dithiolate Complexes PDF Download
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Author: Abdellatif Ibdah Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 296
Book Description
A notable feature of rhenium(V) dithiolate complexes is their five coordinated square pyramidal geometry, which allows a vacant coordination site trans to the oxo or thio group for the substrate to access to rhenium(V) center. The oxothenium(V) dimer (MeRe[superscript v]O(edt))2 catalyzes sulfur atom transfer (SAT) from Thiirane to Ph3E (E=P, As). The rate law of triphenylarsine reaction, v = k[Thiirane][Re][Ph3As]0. The value of k/L mol−1 s−1 at 25.0 0C in CDCl3 are 5.58 ± 0.08 for cyclohexene sulfide. No uncatalyzed reaction has been observed even though the reaction is thermodynamically favored; values of [Delta]H0 are -21 and -7 kcal mol−1 for PPh3 and AsPh3, respectively, from theoretical calculations. Catalytic amount of oxothenium(V) dimer (MeRe[subscript v] O(edt))2 is enough to proceed the reaction to completion. Mechanism of catalytic cycle has been proposed to interpret the kinetic results. Kinetics and theoretical study have been done on Me(mtp)ReS(PPh3) catalysis (mtpH2 = 2-(mercaptomethyl)thiophenol). Interestingly, it is adopt two mechanistic pathways. First, chain mechanism pathways. Second, nucleophilc mechanism pathway. The balance between these two pathways is controlled by phosphine and pyridine N-oxide concentrations. The electronic structure of Re=E (E=O, S) in Re(V) and Re(VII) have examined theoretically. The Re=E bonds consist of one [Sigma] and two partial [Pi] bond, which agree with bond order analysis 2. Bond strength of Re[superscript v]=O and Re[superscript v]=S are from DFT calculation estimated to be approximately 163.7± 1.8 kcal mol−1 and 123 ± 3 kcal mol−1, respectively. Also, bond strength of Re[superscript VII]=O and Re[superscript VII]=S are also estimated to be 118.7± 1.2 kcal mol−1 and 80.5 ± 3.5 kcal mol−1, respectively. Stronger Re[superscript v]=E bond than Re[superscript VII]=E bond agree with Re[superscript VII]O2 and ReVIIOS are the key intermediate in OAT and SAT reaction.
Author: Abdellatif Ibdah Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 296
Book Description
A notable feature of rhenium(V) dithiolate complexes is their five coordinated square pyramidal geometry, which allows a vacant coordination site trans to the oxo or thio group for the substrate to access to rhenium(V) center. The oxothenium(V) dimer (MeRe[superscript v]O(edt))2 catalyzes sulfur atom transfer (SAT) from Thiirane to Ph3E (E=P, As). The rate law of triphenylarsine reaction, v = k[Thiirane][Re][Ph3As]0. The value of k/L mol−1 s−1 at 25.0 0C in CDCl3 are 5.58 ± 0.08 for cyclohexene sulfide. No uncatalyzed reaction has been observed even though the reaction is thermodynamically favored; values of [Delta]H0 are -21 and -7 kcal mol−1 for PPh3 and AsPh3, respectively, from theoretical calculations. Catalytic amount of oxothenium(V) dimer (MeRe[subscript v] O(edt))2 is enough to proceed the reaction to completion. Mechanism of catalytic cycle has been proposed to interpret the kinetic results. Kinetics and theoretical study have been done on Me(mtp)ReS(PPh3) catalysis (mtpH2 = 2-(mercaptomethyl)thiophenol). Interestingly, it is adopt two mechanistic pathways. First, chain mechanism pathways. Second, nucleophilc mechanism pathway. The balance between these two pathways is controlled by phosphine and pyridine N-oxide concentrations. The electronic structure of Re=E (E=O, S) in Re(V) and Re(VII) have examined theoretically. The Re=E bonds consist of one [Sigma] and two partial [Pi] bond, which agree with bond order analysis 2. Bond strength of Re[superscript v]=O and Re[superscript v]=S are from DFT calculation estimated to be approximately 163.7± 1.8 kcal mol−1 and 123 ± 3 kcal mol−1, respectively. Also, bond strength of Re[superscript VII]=O and Re[superscript VII]=S are also estimated to be 118.7± 1.2 kcal mol−1 and 80.5 ± 3.5 kcal mol−1, respectively. Stronger Re[superscript v]=E bond than Re[superscript VII]=E bond agree with Re[superscript VII]O2 and ReVIIOS are the key intermediate in OAT and SAT reaction.
Author: Ying Wang Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 230
Book Description
In the case of oxygen atom transfer reaction between tert-butyl hydroperoxide and sulfide catalyzed by Re(V) dithiolato compounds, an induction period is observed due to the slow ligand exchange step. Reaction schemes are proposed to interpret the kinetic data. In both cases, the active intermediates are Re(VII) dioxo species, which were detected at the low temperature. Organic disulfides with both alkyl and aryl substituents are oxidized by hydrogen peroxide when CH3ReO33 (MTO) is used as a catalyst. Thiosulfinate is formed in the first step about an hour with nearly quantitative yield. Kinetics studies of the first oxidation reaction established that two peroxorhenium compounds are the active forms of the catalyst. Rate constants were obtained and a mechanism was proposed in which the electron-rich sulfur attacks the peroxo oxygen of intermediates.
Author: Robert Bakhtchadjian Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers ISBN: 9815050931 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 137
Book Description
This book introduces readers to the fundamentals of oxygen atom transfer reactions. It also gives mechanistic insights into the redox processes occurring through the oxygen atom transfer reactions. It also includes information about catalytic activation of oxygen through enzymes and oxo-metallic complexes. All topics are explored in separate chapters. Key features: - reviews the basic mechanisms in redox processes involving oxo-atom transfer reactions. - presents progress in the biomimetic activation of dioxygen related to the catalytic oxidations by synthetic metal organic complexes. - covers an important class of metal-organic compounds - nickel-oxygen species - generated in catalytic oxidation processes as oxygen atom transfer agents. - explains the mechanistic aspects of the heterogeneous photochemical redox processes via oxo-atom transfer reactions - provides references for further reading It is a reference for both professional scientists in the fields of chemistry, biology and applied sciences, and for graduate and undergraduate students interested in understanding reaction mechanisms involving oxygen.
Author: Ruili Huang Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 248
Book Description
A new binuclear oxothiolatorhenium(V) compound, Re2O2(mtp)3 (D1, mtp = 2- mercaptomethylthiophenol), was synthesized by reacting dirhenium(VII) heptoxide (Re2O7) with H2mtp, and characterized spectroscopically and crystallographically. One Re-S bridge in D1 was opened, and sometimes D1 was monomerized, through ligand coordination. D1 was found to be an efficient catalyst for the oxidation of phosphines, triphenylarsine, triphenylantimony, sulfides and dienes by pyridine N-oxides, and unprecedently, by molecular oxygen. D1 also catalyzes the oxidation of phosphines by dimethylsulfoxide. The kinetics and mechanism for the oxidation of triarylphosphines by pyridine N-oxides and 02, as well as the relative reactivities of all substrates, were studied. The reaction was proposed to go through oxorhenium(VII) intermediates. Methyltrioxorhenium (MTO) catalyzes the two-step oxidation of thioketones by hydrogen peroxide to sulfines (thioketone S-oxides) and to ketones releasing sulfur monoxide, which was trapped by a 1,3-diene. The kinetics and mechanism of both steps were studied. The substituted thiobenzophenones were found to attack the peroxo rhenium oxygen nucleophilically.
Author: Elena Soriano Publisher: Springer ISBN: 364221083X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 265
Book Description
Structure, Bonding, and Reactivity of Reactant Complexes and Key Intermediates, by Elena Soriano and José Marco-Contelles.- Cycloisomerization of 1,n-Enynes Via Carbophilic Activation, by Patrick Yves Toullec and Véronique Michelet.- DFT-Based Mechanistic Insights into Noble Metal-Catalyzed Rearrangement of Propargylic Derivatives: Chirality Transfer Processes, by Olalla Nieto Faza and Angel R. de Lera.- N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes of Au, Pd, and Pt as Effective Catalysts in Organic Synthesis, by Andrea Correa, Steven P. Nolan and Luigi Cavallo.- Activation of Allenes by Gold Complexes: A Theoretical Standpoint, by Max Malacria, Louis Fensterbank and Vincent Gandon.- Heterocyclization of Allenes Catalyzed by Late Transition Metals: Mechanisms and Regioselectivity, by Benito Alcaide, Pedro Almendros, Teresa Martínez del Campo, Elena Soriano and José Marco-Contelles.- Gold-Catalyzed Cycloadditions Involving Allenes: Mechanistic Insights from Theoretical Studies, by Sergi Montserrat, Gregori Ujaque, Fernando López, José L. Mascareñas and Agustí Lledós.-
Author: Eric C. Brown Publisher: ISBN: Category : Rhenium catalysts Languages : en Pages : 406
Book Description
In situ reduction of hydrido-tris-(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)borato(trioxo) rhenium(V) with triphenylphosphine or triethylphosphite leads to a reactive rhenium(V) species that catalytically deoxygenates epoxides at 75-105°C. The reaction is stereospecific, except for trans- and cis-butene oxide which formed minor amounts of the opposite isomer. A variety of different functional groups were tolerated and even epoxides that reacted slowly could be pushed to greater than 95% conversion given extended time and/or higher temperature. The absence of clustering processes shows how the choice of ligand can have a major influence on the design of the catalytic cycle. The rhenium(V) species formed from reduction of Tp'ReO3 was identified as Tp'Re(O)(OH)2. Tp'Re(O)(OH)2 reacted with ethanol and HCl to form ethoxide and hydroxo chloride complexes, respectively. In addition, Tp'Re(O)(OH)2 was an excellent catalytic and stoichiometric reagent for the deoxygenation of epoxides and sulfoxides. Loss of water from Tp'Re(O)(OH)2 to form the catalytically active species Tp'Re02 was shown to be a necessary preequilibrium process. The kinetic behavior of the catalytic system is complex. First-order behavior in [Re][subscript T], zero-order dependence in [PPh3] and saturation behavior for epoxide were observed. The reversible formation of a coordinated epoxide complex was proposed to explain the saturation behavior. The epoxide complex was shown experimentally and computationally to engage in two separate reactions: ring expansion to form a syn-diolate complex, and direct fragmentation to alkene and trioxide. A steady-state concentration of diolate is eventually reached explaining a "burst" of alkene production prior to generation of a pseudo-zero-order catalytic system. The diolate formed is the syn-isomer, which is the kinetically formed product. Direct epoxide fragmentation is the primary source of alkene. This process was determined to be four times faster than ring expansion for cis-stilbene oxide. The synthesis and characterization of a tethered-epoxide Cp* rhenium trioxide complex has been achieved. Reduction of this complex leads to an unsaturated rhenium(V) species that is immediately complexed by the tethered epoxide. Experimental data and molecular mechanics modeling support intramolecular coordination of the epoxide to the rhenium center. These results confirm that the coordinate epoxide is a viable intermediate in rhenium-catalyzed epoxide deoxygenations.
Author: Yang Cai Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 254
Book Description
In this work, methyltrioxorhenium (MTO) was found to be an active catalyst for two reactions: one is the reduction of hydronium ions by Eu[Subscript aq]2 to evolve H2; the other is reduction of perchlorate ions to chloride ions by Eu[Subscript aq]2+ or Cr[Subscript aq]2+ in acidic solution. Kinetic studies were carried out and reaction mechanisms were proposed to agree with all the experimental data. In the hydrogen evolution reaction, a rhenium(V) hydride complex was postulated in the scheme to generate H2 by a proton-hydride reaction. Under similar conditions, Cr2+ ions do not evolve H2, despite E0[Subscript Cr][Difference]E0[Subscript Eu]. In addition, no H2 formation was observed in the presence of perchlorate ions because the reaction between methyldioxorhenium (MDO) and perchlorate ions has a much faster rate than that of hydrogen evolution. A six-coordinate rhenium(V) compound MeReO(edt)(bpym) was prepared, characterized, and investigated for oxygen atom transfer reactions between picoline N-oxide and triarylphosphines. We found it is a good catalyst for the reaction, even though it is less active than those five-coordinate rhenium(V) dithiolato compounds. The kinetics showed that the reaction has a first-order dependence on both rhenium and picoline N-oxide. Triarylphosphines were found to inhibit the reaction, and those phosphines with more electron-donating groups in para positions had slower reaction rates. This study proves a hypothesis: there should be a steric requirement for the potential catalyst in the oxygen transfer reactions, which is the necessary existence of an open coordination site on rhenium center. In the last chapter, we studied three different types of reactions of phthalimide N-oxyl radicals (PINO·) and N-hydroxylphthalimide (NHPI) derivatives. First, the self-decomposition of PINO· follows second-order kinetics. However, when excess of 4-Me-NHPI are used in the system, it was found that H-atom abstraction competes with the self-decomposition of 4-Me-PINO·. Second, the hydrogen atom self-exchange reactions between PINO· and substituted NHPI were found to follow H-atom transfer rather than the stepwise electron-proton transfer pathway. Last, the investigations of hydrogen abstraction from para-xylene and toluene by PINO· show large kinetic isotope effects, with the reaction becoming slower when the ring substituent on PINO· is more electron donating.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 103
Book Description
Two ionic and one neutral methyl(oxo)rhenium(V) compounds were synthesized and structurally characterized. They were compared in reactivity towards the ligands triphenylphosphane, pyridines, pyridine N-oxides. Assistance from Broensted bases was found on ligand displacement of ionic rhenium compounds as well as nucleophile assistance on oxidation of all compounds. From the kinetic data, crystal structures, and an analysis of the intermediates, a structural formula of PicH+3- and mechanisms of ligand displacement and oxidation were proposed.
Author: Abdellatif Ibdah
Author: Abdellatif Ibdah
Author: Ying Wang
Author: Robert Bakhtchadjian
Author: Joachin Jude Arias
Author: Ruili Huang
Author: Elena Soriano
Author: Eric C. Brown
Author: Yang Cai
Author: 
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