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Author: Cornelia Staritz Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 0821386425 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 200
Book Description
The clothing sector has traditionally been a gateway to export diversification and industrial development for low-income countries (LICs) due to its low fix costs, relatively simple technology, and labor-intensive nature. It has served to absorb large numbers of unskilled, and mostly female, workers and build capital and know-how for more technologically advanced activities within and across sectors. But the environment for global clothing trade has changed significantly which may condition the role the sector can play in promoting export diversification and industrial development in LICs today. Main drivers have been the rise of global buyers and their global sourcing strategies, the phase out of quotas in the Multi-Fiber Arrangement (MFA), and, more recently, the global economic crisis. In the context of these changes, this study analyzes how the clothing sector can still provide a gateway to export diversification and industrial development for LICs today. The key objectives of this study are to assess main developments in the global clothing sector associated with the Multi-Fiber Arrangement (MFA) phase out, global buyers and their sourcing strategies, and the global economic crisis; analyze challenges that LICs are facing in the post-quota and post-crisis world in entering and upgrading within global clothing value chains; and identify policy recommendations to increase the competitiveness of LIC clothing exporters as well as to further their integration into and improve their positions within global clothing value chains. For the study interviews with buyers in the US, the EU and South Africa as well as case studies in Sub-Saharan African LICs (Kenya, Lesotho and Swaziland), Cambodia and Bangladesh were conducted. The study finds that global consolidation in the clothing sector has increased entry barriers at the country and firm level. This has created new challenges to LIC suppliers as low labor costs and preferential market access are not enough to be competitive in the clothing sector today. Suppliers with broad capabilities have been able to develop strategic relationships with global buyers. Marginal or new suppliers are entering the global value chains through intermediaries, but face limited upgrading opportunities. FDI plays an important role in integrated LICs into global clothing value chains, yet it needs to be used in a way that promotes and upgrades local clothing industries. Overall, the clothing sector still provides opportunities for export diversification and industrial development. However, this requires pro-active policies to increase the competitiveness and local embeddedness of LIC clothing exporters.
Author: Cornelia Staritz Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 0821386425 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 200
Book Description
The clothing sector has traditionally been a gateway to export diversification and industrial development for low-income countries (LICs) due to its low fix costs, relatively simple technology, and labor-intensive nature. It has served to absorb large numbers of unskilled, and mostly female, workers and build capital and know-how for more technologically advanced activities within and across sectors. But the environment for global clothing trade has changed significantly which may condition the role the sector can play in promoting export diversification and industrial development in LICs today. Main drivers have been the rise of global buyers and their global sourcing strategies, the phase out of quotas in the Multi-Fiber Arrangement (MFA), and, more recently, the global economic crisis. In the context of these changes, this study analyzes how the clothing sector can still provide a gateway to export diversification and industrial development for LICs today. The key objectives of this study are to assess main developments in the global clothing sector associated with the Multi-Fiber Arrangement (MFA) phase out, global buyers and their sourcing strategies, and the global economic crisis; analyze challenges that LICs are facing in the post-quota and post-crisis world in entering and upgrading within global clothing value chains; and identify policy recommendations to increase the competitiveness of LIC clothing exporters as well as to further their integration into and improve their positions within global clothing value chains. For the study interviews with buyers in the US, the EU and South Africa as well as case studies in Sub-Saharan African LICs (Kenya, Lesotho and Swaziland), Cambodia and Bangladesh were conducted. The study finds that global consolidation in the clothing sector has increased entry barriers at the country and firm level. This has created new challenges to LIC suppliers as low labor costs and preferential market access are not enough to be competitive in the clothing sector today. Suppliers with broad capabilities have been able to develop strategic relationships with global buyers. Marginal or new suppliers are entering the global value chains through intermediaries, but face limited upgrading opportunities. FDI plays an important role in integrated LICs into global clothing value chains, yet it needs to be used in a way that promotes and upgrades local clothing industries. Overall, the clothing sector still provides opportunities for export diversification and industrial development. However, this requires pro-active policies to increase the competitiveness and local embeddedness of LIC clothing exporters.
Author: Sandra Keiser Publisher: A&C Black ISBN: 1609012267 Category : Design Languages : en Pages : 624
Book Description
Now in full colour, the third edition of this practical text takes students step-by-step through the pre-production processes of apparel product development: planning, forecasting, fabricating, line development, technical design, pricing and sourcing and includes a greater focus on current issues, for example sustainability and business ethics.
Author: Isaac Mizrahi Publisher: Gotham ISBN: 9781592403929 Category : Beauty, Personal Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Showcasing his singular approach to looking great, iconic fashion guru Isaac Mizrahi begins with the premise that all women should wear what inspires them. Using 12 women facing real wardrobe dilemmas, Mizrahi walks readers through the fundamentals of finding a personal style that reflects their authentic selves. Other features include a personal fashion questionnaire, hundreds of fashion tips on everything from clothes and accessories to skincare and makeup and a guide to becoming a collector, not just a shopper.
Author: Ellen Rosen Publisher: Univ of California Press ISBN: 9780520928572 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 354
Book Description
The only comprehensive historical analysis of the globalization of the U.S. apparel industry, this book focuses on the reemergence of sweatshops in the United States and the growth of new ones abroad. Ellen Israel Rosen, who has spent more than a decade investigating the problems of America's domestic apparel workers, now probes the shifts in trade policy and global economics that have spawned momentous changes in the international apparel and textile trade. Making Sweatshops asks whether the process of globalization can be promoted in ways that blend industrialization and economic development in both poor and rich countries with concerns for social and economic justice—especially for the women who toil in the industry's low-wage sites around the world. Rosen looks closely at the role trade policy has played in globalization in this industry. She traces the history of current policies toward the textile and apparel trade to cold war politics and the reconstruction of the Pacific Rim economies after World War II. Her narrative takes us through the rise of protectionism and the subsequent dismantling of trade protection during the Reagan era to the passage of NAFTA and the continued push for trade accords through the WTO. Going beyond purely economic factors, this valuable study elaborates the full historical and political context in which the globalization of textiles and apparel has taken place. Rosen takes a critical look at the promises of prosperity, both in the U.S. and in developing countries, made by advocates for the global expansion of these industries. She offers evidence to suggest that this process may inevitably create new and more extreme forms of poverty.
Author: Hillary L. Chute Publisher: University of Chicago Press ISBN: 022609958X Category : Biography & Autobiography Languages : en Pages : 272
Book Description
We are living in a golden age of cartoon art. Never before has graphic storytelling been so prominent or garnered such respect: critics and readers alike agree that contemporary cartoonists are creating some of the most innovative and exciting work in all the arts. For nearly a decade Hillary L. Chute has been sitting down for extensive interviews with the leading figures in comics, and with Outside the Box she offers fans a chance to share her ringside seat. Chute’s in-depth discussions with twelve of the most prominent and accomplished artists and writers in comics today reveal a creative community that is richly interconnected yet fiercely independent, its members sharing many interests and approaches while working with wildly different styles and themes. Chute’s subjects run the gamut of contemporary comics practice, from underground pioneers like Art Spiegelman and Lynda Barry, to the analytic work of Scott McCloud, the journalism of Joe Sacco, and the extended narratives of Alison Bechdel, Charles Burns, and more. They reflect on their experience and innovations, the influence of peers and mentors, the reception of their art and the growth of critical attention, and the crucial place of print amid the encroachment of the digital age. Beautifully illustrated in full-color, and featuring three never-before-published interviews—including the first published conversation between Art Spiegelman and Chris Ware—Outside the Box will be a landmark volume, a close-up account of the rise of graphic storytelling and a testament to its vibrant creativity.
Author: AMC College Publisher: Advanced Micro Systems Sdn Bhd ISBN: Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 123
Book Description
This eBook consists of 2 titles: Hybrid Mobile App Developemnt (React Native) Level 1 Hybrid Mobile App Developemnt (React Native) Level 2
Author: Patrick McCabe Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1119404223 Category : Juvenile Nonfiction Languages : en Pages : 258
Book Description
PUT DOWN YOUR CONTROLLER Why just play videogames when you can build your own game? Follow the steps in this book to learn a little about code, build a few graphics, and piece together a real game you can share with your friends. Who knows? What you learn here could help you become the next rock-star video- game designer. So set your controller aside and get ready to create! Decipher the code build some basic knowledge of how computer code drives videogames Get animated create simple graphics and learn how to put them in motion Update a classic put your knowledge together to put your modern twist on a classic game
Author: Dorottya Fabian Publisher: OUP Oxford ISBN: 0191634565 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 604
Book Description
What does it mean to be expressive in music performance across diverse historical and cultural domains? What are the means at the disposal of a performer in various time periods and musical practice conventions? What are the conceptualisations of expression and the roles of performers that shape expressive performance? This book brings together research from a range of disciplines that use diverse methodologies to provide new perspectives and formulate answers to these questions about the meaning, means, and contextualisation of expressive performance in music. The contributors to this book explore expressiveness in music performance in four interlinked parts. Starting with the philosophical and historical underpinnings crucially relevant for Western classical musical performance it then reaches out to cross-cultural issues and finally focuses the attention on various specific problems, including the teaching of expressive music performance skills. The overviews provide a focussed and comprehensive account of the current state of research as well as new developments and a prospective of future directions. This is a valuable new book for those in the fields of music, music psychology, and music education.
Author: Cornelia Staritz
Author: Cornelia Staritz
Author: Sandra Keiser
Author: Isaac Mizrahi
Author: Patricia Mears
Author: Ellen Rosen
Author: Anne Enquist
Author: Hillary L. Chute
Author: AMC College
Author: Patrick McCabe
Author: Dorottya Fabian