Author: David Ted Johnson Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA ISBN: 019511986X Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 340
Book Description
The major achievements of Japanese criminal justice are thus inextricably intertwined with its most notable defects, and efforts to fix the defects threaten to undermine the accomplishments."--BOOK JACKET.
Author: Laura Bui Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3030140970 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 232
Book Description
This book reviews research on psychology and crime in Japan, and compares the findings with similar research conducted in Western industrialised countries. It examines explanations for crime and antisocial behaviour in Japan using research and theories from a psychological perspective. Topics covered include cultural explanations, developmental and life-course criminology, family violence and family risk factors, youth crime and early prevention, school factors and bullying, mental disorders, biosocial factors, psychopathy and sexual offending. In some parts, it challenges and refines the prevailing belief that Japan is a society characterised by low crime and little antisocial behaviour. This original project is the most up-to-date work on crime in Japan, and advances the important field of psychological criminology.
Author: A Didric Castberg Publisher: Praeger ISBN: Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 176
Book Description
Japan enjoys a crime rate drastically lower than any other industrialized nation. Her drug problem is insignificant next to that of the United States. Didrick Castberg's volume offers a comprehensive look at the much admired, often misunderstood, Japanese criminal justice system. He analyses the system's institutions and personnel and presents case studies of its processes. The comparison of Japanese and U.S. systems facilitates English-speaking readers in understanding the otherwise perplexing Japanese system. Castberg's conclusion: very little of the Japanese system is adaptable to the U.S. or any other country. Its success is rooted in Japanese culture and dependent on the Japanese psyche. Without competition, this comparative volume provides the first overall view of the Japanese criminal justice system. Chapters cover law enforcement, legal education, prosecution, defense, the judiciary, and corrections. Japanese Criminal Justice is an essential addition to the personal libraries of criminal justice scholars as well as students of Japanese culture.
Author: Sandra Wilson Publisher: Columbia University Press ISBN: 0231542682 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 436
Book Description
Beginning in late 1945, the United States, Britain, China, Australia, France, the Netherlands, and later the Philippines, the Soviet Union, and the People's Republic of China convened national courts to prosecute Japanese military personnel for war crimes. The defendants included ethnic Koreans and Taiwanese who had served with the armed forces as Japanese subjects. In Tokyo, the International Military Tribunal for the Far East tried Japanese leaders. While the fairness of these trials has been a focus for decades, Japanese War Criminals instead argues that the most important issues arose outside the courtroom. What was the legal basis for identifying and detaining subjects, determining who should be prosecuted, collecting evidence, and granting clemency after conviction? The answers to these questions helped set the norms for transitional justice in the postwar era and today contribute to strategies for addressing problematic areas of international law. Examining the complex moral, ethical, legal, and political issues surrounding the Allied prosecution project, from the first investigations during the war to the final release of prisoners in 1958, Japanese War Criminals shows how a simple effort to punish the guilty evolved into a multidimensional struggle that muddied the assignment of criminal responsibility for war crimes. Over time, indignation in Japan over Allied military actions, particularly the deployment of the atomic bombs, eclipsed anger over Japanese atrocities, and, among the Western powers, new Cold War imperatives took hold. This book makes a unique contribution to our understanding of the construction of the postwar international order in Asia and to our comprehension of the difficulties of implementing transitional justice.
Author: Erik Herber Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1351602330 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 268
Book Description
This book examines the little or not previously researched roles and contributions of non-legal professionals in Japanese criminal justice against the background of recent social and legal changes that either gave birth to or affected the roles played by these "outsiders". On the basis of a wealth of primary and secondary sources, including meeting records of policy makers and practitioners, surveys, interviews and court verdicts, the book zooms in on forensic psychiatrists’ role in the disappearance of criminally insane defendants from Japanese criminal courts; social workers’ new role in diverting a growing number of elderly, mentally disturbed repeat offenders from prison; the therapeutic dimension added to Japanese criminal justice proceedings with the introduction of a system of victim participation as well as the increasingly important role of forensic scientists’ contributions, notably DNA evidence, in Japanese courts. Finally, it examines lay judges’ contributions to sentencing practices as well as how these lay judges make sense of the other outsiders’ contributions. On the basis of very recent social and legal developments the book provides an original contribution to understandings of Japanese criminal justice, as well as more general socio-legal debates on the role of extra-legal knowledge in criminal justice. The book will be of value within BA and MA level courses on and to students and researchers of Japanese law and society as well as comparative criminal justice and socio-legal theory.
Author: Ashley Pearson Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1351470507 Category : Comics & Graphic Novels Languages : en Pages : 289
Book Description
In a world of globalised media, Japanese popular culture has become a signifi cant fountainhead for images, narrative, artefacts, and identity. From Pikachu, to instantly identifi able manga memes, to the darkness of adult anime, and the hyper- consumerism of product tie- ins, Japan has bequeathed to a globalised world a rich variety of ways to imagine, communicate, and interrogate tradition and change, the self, and the technological future. Within these foci, questions of law have often not been far from the surface: the crime and justice of Astro Boy; the property and contract of Pokémon; the ecological justice of Nausicaä; Shinto’s focus on order and balance; and the anxieties of origins in J- horror. This volume brings together a range of global scholars to refl ect on and critically engage with the place of law and justice in Japan’s popular cultural legacy. It explores not only the global impact of this legacy, but what the images, games, narratives, and artefacts that comprise it reveal about law, humanity, justice, and authority in the twenty-first century.
Author: Masahiro Fujita Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9811003386 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 296
Book Description
This book describes the state of the lay participation system in criminal justice, saiban-in seido, in Japanese society. Starting with descriptions of the outlines of lay participation in the Japanese criminal justice system, the book deals with the questions of what the lay participants think about the system after their participation, how the general public evaluate the system, whether the introduction of lay participation has promoted trust in the justice system in Japan, and the foci of Japanese society’s interest in the lay participation system. To answer these questions, the author utilizes data obtained from social surveys of actual participants and of the general public. The book also explores the results of quantitative text analyses of newspaper articles. With those data, the author describes how Japanese society evaluates the implementation of the system and discusses whether the system promotes democratic values in Japan.
Author: Jianhong Liu Publisher: Springer ISBN: 331969359X Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 347
Book Description
This book provides an important overview of key criminology and criminal justice concerns in Japan. It highlights similarities between the practice of criminology research in Japan, as well as important differences, with other areas of Asia and with the West. In previous decades, Japan attracted international attention as the only industrialized country where the crime rate declined along with a rise in urbanization and economic development. Currently, Japan still enjoys a declining crime rate (the lowest among major industrialized countries) and a study of criminal justice practices in Japan may provide important insights for other regions. Japan also experiences important contemporary challenges which are shared by other regions: 1. Japan has the highest proportion of people over the age of 60 in the world. For criminology, this means key challenges in the victimization of older people, as well as the challenges of an aging prison population. 2. Besides the United States, Japan is the only developed country that still practices capital punishment, and its rate has been on the rise in the past 20 years. 3. Japan has also introduced new reforms in its law practice, including the introduction of new trial formats. The research in this book provides a helpful overview for scholars interested in criminology and criminal justice in Japan to understand the key issues of concern, and present a framework for future research needs. It will be of interest to researchers in criminology and criminal justice, international studies, Asian Studies, sociology, and political science.
Author: Andrew Watson Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319350773 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 180
Book Description
This book analyses the mixed courts of professional and lay judges in the Japanese criminal justice system. It takes a particular focus on the highly public start of the mixed court, the saiban-in system, and the jury system between 1928-1943. This was the first time Japanese citizens participated as decision makers in criminal law. The book assesses reasons for the jury system's failure, and its suspension in 1943, as well as the renewed interest in popular involvement in criminal justice at the end of the twentieth century. Popular Participation in Japanese Criminal Justice proceeds by explaining the process by which lay participation in criminal trials left the periphery to become an important national matter at the turn of the century. It shows that rather than an Anglo-American jury model, outline recommendations made by the Japanese Judicial Reform Council were for a mixed court of judges and laypersons to try serious cases. Concerns about the lay judge/saiban-in system are raised, as well as explanations for why it is flourishing in contemporary society despite the failure of the jury system during the period 1928-1943. The book presents the wider significance of Japanese mixed courts in Asia and beyond, and in doing so will be of great interests to scholars of socio-legal studies, criminology and criminal justice.
Author: Mark C. Gillespie Publisher: ISBN: Category : Criminal justice, Administration of Languages : en Pages : 142
Book Description
Criminal justice in Japan is often viewed from a Western standpoint as being strict and in some ways problematic. While many studies make mention of the peculiarities of the Japanese criminal justice system, very few have attempted to explain these peculiarities or to examine the system in context. The aim of this work is to demonstrate that while some criticism of criminal justice in Japan is warranted, much of it is based on an inadequate understanding of Japanese culture. The Japanese people respect authority and value social harmony (including the avoidance of conflict) to a much greater degree than do most Westerners; many of the perceived problems with their justice system (such as high conviction and confession rates) are a direct result of these cultural trends. Japanese citizens view law enforcement positively and crime very negatively, and they are more concerned with maintaining a harmonious society than with exercising individual rights. Although the system does contain real issues (such as police that do not inform suspects of their rights and excessive detention of suspects before indictment), it is not abusive or totalitarian, and it reflects social values and practices that the Japanese themselves agree with. The Japanese criminal justice system is not perfect, but it is efficient, fair, and in many ways more sensitive to Japanese cultural principles than is the Western view of justice.
Author: David Ted Johnson
Author: Laura Bui
Author: A Didric Castberg
Author: Sandra Wilson
Author: Erik Herber
Author: Ashley Pearson
Author: Masahiro Fujita
Author: Jianhong Liu
Author: Andrew Watson
Author: Mark C. Gillespie