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Author: Andrea J. Liu Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9780748408795 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 584
Book Description
The subject of jamming and rheology is a broad and interdisciplinary one that is generating increasing interest. This book deals with one of the oldest unsolved problems in condensed matter physics - that of the nature of glass transition in supercooled liquids. Jamming and Rheology is a collection of reprinted articles from several fields, ranging from structural glasses to foams and granular materials. Glassy relaxation and constrained dynamics (jamming) occur at all scales, from microscopic to macroscopic - in the glass transition of supercooled liquids, in fluids confined to thin films, in the structural arrest of particles such as granular materials, and in foams which must be driven by an applied stress in order to flow. Because jamming occurs at the transition between where a flow occurs and where motion stops, it is hoped that there may be a universal feature that describes this transition in all systems. This volume shows that the systems described above share many common phenomenological features, and covers work done by a wide range of scientists and technologists working in areas from physics to chemistry to chemical and mechanical engineering.
Author: Andrea J. Liu Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9780748408795 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 584
Book Description
The subject of jamming and rheology is a broad and interdisciplinary one that is generating increasing interest. This book deals with one of the oldest unsolved problems in condensed matter physics - that of the nature of glass transition in supercooled liquids. Jamming and Rheology is a collection of reprinted articles from several fields, ranging from structural glasses to foams and granular materials. Glassy relaxation and constrained dynamics (jamming) occur at all scales, from microscopic to macroscopic - in the glass transition of supercooled liquids, in fluids confined to thin films, in the structural arrest of particles such as granular materials, and in foams which must be driven by an applied stress in order to flow. Because jamming occurs at the transition between where a flow occurs and where motion stops, it is hoped that there may be a universal feature that describes this transition in all systems. This volume shows that the systems described above share many common phenomenological features, and covers work done by a wide range of scientists and technologists working in areas from physics to chemistry to chemical and mechanical engineering.
Author: Maureen Dinkgreve Publisher: ISBN: 9789402809107 Category : Languages : en Pages : 154
Book Description
"Traffic jams are a common phenomenon on highways; when there are too many cars on the road the traffic gets stuck. A similar jamming phenomenon also occurs in yield-stress fluids that consist of a dispersion of a material in a liquid, such as suspensions of particles or polymers, foams or emulsions. At high concentrations, these materials behave like solids (like in traffic jams there is no flow), and they only start to flow when enough stress is applied. For example, toothpaste behaves like a solid at rest but it starts to flow when you squeeze it out of the tube. This threshold stress that is needed to initiate flow is called the yield stress, hence the name yield-stress material. It is important to understand these kinds of properties and the flow behavior (rheology) of these materials since they are widely applied in the cosmetic, oil and food industry. We seek to understand the transition from mechanically solid-like to fluid-like behavior on a fundamental level. The associated jamming transition between solid and liquid "states" has similarities to classical phase transitions like those between solid, liquid, gas and plasma phases. However it is not completely clear how general the jamming description is, and to what extent the mechanical behavior of jammed materials can be fully described by considering the jamming transition to be analogous to a classical phase transition. In this thesis we study the flow behavior (the rheology) of a variety of yield-stress materials in the aim of describing, understanding and predicting the rheology of jamming."--Samenvatting auteur.
Author: Endao Han Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030383482 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 102
Book Description
This thesis demonstrates the first use of high-speed ultrasound imaging to non-invasively probe how the interior of a dense suspension responds to impact. Suspensions of small solid particles in a simple liquid can generate a rich set of dynamic phenomena that are of fundamental scientific interest because they do not conform to the typical behavior expected of either solids or liquids. Most remarkable is the highly counter-intuitive ability of concentrated suspensions to strongly thicken and even solidify when sheared or impacted. The understanding of the mechanism driving this solidification is, however, still limited, especially for the important transient stage while the response develops as a function of time. In this thesis, high-speed ultrasound imaging is introduced to track, for the first time, the transition from the flowing to the solidified state and directly observe the shock-like shear fronts that accompany this transition. A model is developed that agrees quantitatively with the experimental measurements. The combination of imaging techniques, experimental design, and modeling in this thesis represents a major breakthrough for the understanding of the dynamic response of dense suspensions, with important implications for a wide range of applications ranging from the handling of slurries to additive manufacturing.
Author: Howard A. Barnes Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 9780444871404 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 214
Book Description
This text introduces the subject of rheology in terms understandable to non-experts and describes the application of rheological principles to many industrial products and processes.
Author: Norman J. Wagner Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1108423035 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 437
Book Description
Essential text on the practical application and theory of colloidal suspension rheology, written by an international coalition of experts.
Author: Theodore A. Marschall Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 243
Book Description
"Granular materials, non-Brownian suspension, emulsions, and foams are a class of 'soft matter' systems where the dominant interaction between particles arises from direct contact and the particles are sufficiently macroscopic so that thermal fluctuations can be ignored. All of these systems undergo a similar transition from a flowing phase to a disordered solid phase known as the jamming transition, which has been found to share many characteristics with phase transitions in thermalized systems. Most work on granular media has focused on the idealized case of spherical particles. This work focuses on systems with elongated convex grains and several nonconvex grain shapes in two dimensions, using a simple model of frictionless particles in a viscous background medium. These systems are compressed isotropically and sheared continuously over a wide range of densities and strain rates, with a particular focus on the rotational degrees of freedom of anisotropic particles. We find that the jamming transition in systems with anisotropic particles is broadly similar to that of circular disks, though in several ways the limit of circular disks is singular. We identify a nonuniform distribution of contacts on the surfaces of anisotropic particles, both when compressed and sheared, with a peak that diverges in the circular limit. We find that systems of convex particles are hypostatic at jamming, having fewer constraints from contacts than internal degrees of freedom. This leads to modes of motion with zero cost to energy at jamming, but only for small displacements, so that the system remains rigid against macroscopic perturbations. In particular, we identify sliding modes for particles which have flat regions on their surfaces. When sheared, anisotropic particles develop orientational ordering, which usually depends non-monotonically on the packing density. In the limit approaching circular disks, the ordering jumps discontinuously at the jamming transition. We explain the ordering with a mean-field model of particle rotation, finding that it results from the shearing acting as an ordering field combined with local interactions between particles. Finally, we find similar orientational ordering in sheared systems of nonconvex particles, which is modified by the more complex local structures of such particles"--Pages x-xi.
Author: Andrea J. Liu
Author: Andrea J. Liu
Author: Maureen Dinkgreve
Author: 
Author: Endao Han
Author: 
Author: Thomas G. Mezger
Author: Howard A. Barnes
Author: R. S. Farr
Author: Norman J. Wagner
Author: Theodore A. Marschall