Author: Lawrence A. Klein
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351800973
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 574
Book Description
An intelligent transportation system (ITS) offers considerable opportunities for increasing the safety, efficiency, and predictability of traffic flow and reducing vehicle emissions. Sensors (or detectors) enable the effective gathering of arterial and controlled-access highway information in support of automatic incident detection, active transportation and demand management, traffic-adaptive signal control, and ramp and freeway metering and dispatching of emergency response providers. As traffic flow sensors are integrated with big data sources such as connected and cooperative vehicles, and cell phones and other Bluetooth-enabled devices, more accurate and timely traffic flow information can be obtained. The book examines the roles of traffic management centers that serve cities, counties, and other regions, and the collocation issues that ensue when multiple agencies share the same space. It describes sensor applications and data requirements for several ITS strategies; sensor technologies; sensor installation, initialization, and field-testing procedures; and alternate sources of traffic flow data. The book addresses concerns related to the introduction of automated and connected vehicles, and the benefits that systems engineering and national ITS architectures in the US, Europe, Japan, and elsewhere bring to ITS. Sensor and data fusion benefits to traffic management are described, while the Bayesian and Dempster–Shafer approaches to data fusion are discussed in more detail. ITS Sensors and Architectures for Traffic Management and Connected Vehicles suits the needs of personnel in transportation institutes and highway agencies, and students in undergraduate or graduate transportation engineering courses.
ITS Sensors and Architectures for Traffic Management and Connected Vehicles
Author: Lawrence A. Klein
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351800973
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 574
Book Description
An intelligent transportation system (ITS) offers considerable opportunities for increasing the safety, efficiency, and predictability of traffic flow and reducing vehicle emissions. Sensors (or detectors) enable the effective gathering of arterial and controlled-access highway information in support of automatic incident detection, active transportation and demand management, traffic-adaptive signal control, and ramp and freeway metering and dispatching of emergency response providers. As traffic flow sensors are integrated with big data sources such as connected and cooperative vehicles, and cell phones and other Bluetooth-enabled devices, more accurate and timely traffic flow information can be obtained. The book examines the roles of traffic management centers that serve cities, counties, and other regions, and the collocation issues that ensue when multiple agencies share the same space. It describes sensor applications and data requirements for several ITS strategies; sensor technologies; sensor installation, initialization, and field-testing procedures; and alternate sources of traffic flow data. The book addresses concerns related to the introduction of automated and connected vehicles, and the benefits that systems engineering and national ITS architectures in the US, Europe, Japan, and elsewhere bring to ITS. Sensor and data fusion benefits to traffic management are described, while the Bayesian and Dempster–Shafer approaches to data fusion are discussed in more detail. ITS Sensors and Architectures for Traffic Management and Connected Vehicles suits the needs of personnel in transportation institutes and highway agencies, and students in undergraduate or graduate transportation engineering courses.
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351800973
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 574
Book Description
An intelligent transportation system (ITS) offers considerable opportunities for increasing the safety, efficiency, and predictability of traffic flow and reducing vehicle emissions. Sensors (or detectors) enable the effective gathering of arterial and controlled-access highway information in support of automatic incident detection, active transportation and demand management, traffic-adaptive signal control, and ramp and freeway metering and dispatching of emergency response providers. As traffic flow sensors are integrated with big data sources such as connected and cooperative vehicles, and cell phones and other Bluetooth-enabled devices, more accurate and timely traffic flow information can be obtained. The book examines the roles of traffic management centers that serve cities, counties, and other regions, and the collocation issues that ensue when multiple agencies share the same space. It describes sensor applications and data requirements for several ITS strategies; sensor technologies; sensor installation, initialization, and field-testing procedures; and alternate sources of traffic flow data. The book addresses concerns related to the introduction of automated and connected vehicles, and the benefits that systems engineering and national ITS architectures in the US, Europe, Japan, and elsewhere bring to ITS. Sensor and data fusion benefits to traffic management are described, while the Bayesian and Dempster–Shafer approaches to data fusion are discussed in more detail. ITS Sensors and Architectures for Traffic Management and Connected Vehicles suits the needs of personnel in transportation institutes and highway agencies, and students in undergraduate or graduate transportation engineering courses.
ITS Sensors and Architectures for Traffic Management and Connected Vehicles
Author: Lawrence A. Klein
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351800965
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 518
Book Description
An intelligent transportation system (ITS) offers considerable opportunities for increasing the safety, efficiency, and predictability of traffic flow and reducing vehicle emissions. Sensors (or detectors) enable the effective gathering of arterial and controlled-access highway information in support of automatic incident detection, active transportation and demand management, traffic-adaptive signal control, and ramp and freeway metering and dispatching of emergency response providers. As traffic flow sensors are integrated with big data sources such as connected and cooperative vehicles, and cell phones and other Bluetooth-enabled devices, more accurate and timely traffic flow information can be obtained. The book examines the roles of traffic management centers that serve cities, counties, and other regions, and the collocation issues that ensue when multiple agencies share the same space. It describes sensor applications and data requirements for several ITS strategies; sensor technologies; sensor installation, initialization, and field-testing procedures; and alternate sources of traffic flow data. The book addresses concerns related to the introduction of automated and connected vehicles, and the benefits that systems engineering and national ITS architectures in the US, Europe, Japan, and elsewhere bring to ITS. Sensor and data fusion benefits to traffic management are described, while the Bayesian and Dempster–Shafer approaches to data fusion are discussed in more detail. ITS Sensors and Architectures for Traffic Management and Connected Vehicles suits the needs of personnel in transportation institutes and highway agencies, and students in undergraduate or graduate transportation engineering courses.
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351800965
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 518
Book Description
An intelligent transportation system (ITS) offers considerable opportunities for increasing the safety, efficiency, and predictability of traffic flow and reducing vehicle emissions. Sensors (or detectors) enable the effective gathering of arterial and controlled-access highway information in support of automatic incident detection, active transportation and demand management, traffic-adaptive signal control, and ramp and freeway metering and dispatching of emergency response providers. As traffic flow sensors are integrated with big data sources such as connected and cooperative vehicles, and cell phones and other Bluetooth-enabled devices, more accurate and timely traffic flow information can be obtained. The book examines the roles of traffic management centers that serve cities, counties, and other regions, and the collocation issues that ensue when multiple agencies share the same space. It describes sensor applications and data requirements for several ITS strategies; sensor technologies; sensor installation, initialization, and field-testing procedures; and alternate sources of traffic flow data. The book addresses concerns related to the introduction of automated and connected vehicles, and the benefits that systems engineering and national ITS architectures in the US, Europe, Japan, and elsewhere bring to ITS. Sensor and data fusion benefits to traffic management are described, while the Bayesian and Dempster–Shafer approaches to data fusion are discussed in more detail. ITS Sensors and Architectures for Traffic Management and Connected Vehicles suits the needs of personnel in transportation institutes and highway agencies, and students in undergraduate or graduate transportation engineering courses.
Sensor and Data Fusion for Intelligent Transportation Systems
Author: Lawrence A. Klein
Publisher: SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering
ISBN: 9781510627642
Category : Algorithms
Languages : en
Pages : 235
Book Description
"Sensor and Data Fusion for Intelligent Transportation Systems introduces readers to the roles of the data fusion processes defined by the Joint Directors of Laboratories (JDL) data fusion model, data fusion algorithms, and noteworthy applications of data fusion to ITS. Additionally, the monograph offers detailed descriptions of three of the widely applied data fusion techniques and their relevance to ITS (namely, Bayesian inference, Dempster-Shafer evidential reasoning, and Kalman filtering), and indicates directions for future research in the area of data fusion. The focus is on data fusion algorithms rather than on sensor and data fusion architectures, although the book does summarize factors that influence the selection of a fusion architecture and several architecture frameworks"--
Publisher: SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering
ISBN: 9781510627642
Category : Algorithms
Languages : en
Pages : 235
Book Description
"Sensor and Data Fusion for Intelligent Transportation Systems introduces readers to the roles of the data fusion processes defined by the Joint Directors of Laboratories (JDL) data fusion model, data fusion algorithms, and noteworthy applications of data fusion to ITS. Additionally, the monograph offers detailed descriptions of three of the widely applied data fusion techniques and their relevance to ITS (namely, Bayesian inference, Dempster-Shafer evidential reasoning, and Kalman filtering), and indicates directions for future research in the area of data fusion. The focus is on data fusion algorithms rather than on sensor and data fusion architectures, although the book does summarize factors that influence the selection of a fusion architecture and several architecture frameworks"--
Sensor and Data Fusion
Author: Lawrence A. Klein
Publisher: SPIE Press
ISBN: 9780819454355
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 346
Book Description
This book illustrates the benefits of sensor fusion by considering the characteristics of infrared, microwave, and millimeter-wave sensors, including the influence of the atmosphere on their performance. Applications that benefit from this technology include: vehicular traffic management, remote sensing, target classification and tracking- weather forecasting- military and homeland defense. Covering data fusion algorithms in detail, Klein includes a summary of the information required to implement each of the algorithms discussed, and outlines system application scenarios that may limit sensor size but that require high resolution data.
Publisher: SPIE Press
ISBN: 9780819454355
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 346
Book Description
This book illustrates the benefits of sensor fusion by considering the characteristics of infrared, microwave, and millimeter-wave sensors, including the influence of the atmosphere on their performance. Applications that benefit from this technology include: vehicular traffic management, remote sensing, target classification and tracking- weather forecasting- military and homeland defense. Covering data fusion algorithms in detail, Klein includes a summary of the information required to implement each of the algorithms discussed, and outlines system application scenarios that may limit sensor size but that require high resolution data.
Multisensor Data Fusion
Author: Hassen Fourati
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351830880
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 628
Book Description
Multisensor Data Fusion: From Algorithms and Architectural Design to Applications covers the contemporary theory and practice of multisensor data fusion, from fundamental concepts to cutting-edge techniques drawn from a broad array of disciplines. Featuring contributions from the world’s leading data fusion researchers and academicians, this authoritative book: Presents state-of-the-art advances in the design of multisensor data fusion algorithms, addressing issues related to the nature, location, and computational ability of the sensors Describes new materials and achievements in optimal fusion and multisensor filters Discusses the advantages and challenges associated with multisensor data fusion, from extended spatial and temporal coverage to imperfection and diversity in sensor technologies Explores the topology, communication structure, computational resources, fusion level, goals, and optimization of multisensor data fusion system architectures Showcases applications of multisensor data fusion in fields such as medicine, transportation's traffic, defense, and navigation Multisensor Data Fusion: From Algorithms and Architectural Design to Applications is a robust collection of modern multisensor data fusion methodologies. The book instills a deeper understanding of the basics of multisensor data fusion as well as a practical knowledge of the problems that can be faced during its execution.
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351830880
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 628
Book Description
Multisensor Data Fusion: From Algorithms and Architectural Design to Applications covers the contemporary theory and practice of multisensor data fusion, from fundamental concepts to cutting-edge techniques drawn from a broad array of disciplines. Featuring contributions from the world’s leading data fusion researchers and academicians, this authoritative book: Presents state-of-the-art advances in the design of multisensor data fusion algorithms, addressing issues related to the nature, location, and computational ability of the sensors Describes new materials and achievements in optimal fusion and multisensor filters Discusses the advantages and challenges associated with multisensor data fusion, from extended spatial and temporal coverage to imperfection and diversity in sensor technologies Explores the topology, communication structure, computational resources, fusion level, goals, and optimization of multisensor data fusion system architectures Showcases applications of multisensor data fusion in fields such as medicine, transportation's traffic, defense, and navigation Multisensor Data Fusion: From Algorithms and Architectural Design to Applications is a robust collection of modern multisensor data fusion methodologies. The book instills a deeper understanding of the basics of multisensor data fusion as well as a practical knowledge of the problems that can be faced during its execution.
6G Connectivity-Systems, Technologies, and Applications
Author: Ramjee Prasad
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1040120962
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 329
Book Description
This book covers need for 6G connectivity arising from the pursuit of higher data speeds, ultra-low latency, massive IoT connectivity, enhanced spectral efficiency, and the facilitation of new and transformative applications. By addressing these drivers and expectations, 6G aims to revolutionize wireless communication, opening up a realm of possibilities for industries, societies, and individuals. Technological improvements and evolutions are required beyond fifth-generation (5G) networks for wireless communications as well as in the industry where the involvement of collaborative robots (COBOT) will satisfy the personal needs of human beings as and when required leading to human–machine interactions. A considerable amount of effort has been devoted, both in industry and academia, towards the performance modelling, evaluation and prediction of convergent multi-service heterogeneous, future-generation networks such as 6G. Technical topics discussed in the book include: Network security and attacks 6G applications and Industry 5.0 Human centric interface Green computing in wireless cellular networks Next generation networks (IOT, Cloud Computing, Big Data, etc.)
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1040120962
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 329
Book Description
This book covers need for 6G connectivity arising from the pursuit of higher data speeds, ultra-low latency, massive IoT connectivity, enhanced spectral efficiency, and the facilitation of new and transformative applications. By addressing these drivers and expectations, 6G aims to revolutionize wireless communication, opening up a realm of possibilities for industries, societies, and individuals. Technological improvements and evolutions are required beyond fifth-generation (5G) networks for wireless communications as well as in the industry where the involvement of collaborative robots (COBOT) will satisfy the personal needs of human beings as and when required leading to human–machine interactions. A considerable amount of effort has been devoted, both in industry and academia, towards the performance modelling, evaluation and prediction of convergent multi-service heterogeneous, future-generation networks such as 6G. Technical topics discussed in the book include: Network security and attacks 6G applications and Industry 5.0 Human centric interface Green computing in wireless cellular networks Next generation networks (IOT, Cloud Computing, Big Data, etc.)
Research Anthology on Architectures, Frameworks, and Integration Strategies for Distributed and Cloud Computing
Author: Management Association, Information Resources
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1799853403
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 2700
Book Description
Distributed systems intertwine with our everyday lives. The benefits and current shortcomings of the underpinning technologies are experienced by a wide range of people and their smart devices. With the rise of large-scale IoT and similar distributed systems, cloud bursting technologies, and partial outsourcing solutions, private entities are encouraged to increase their efficiency and offer unparalleled availability and reliability to their users. The Research Anthology on Architectures, Frameworks, and Integration Strategies for Distributed and Cloud Computing is a vital reference source that provides valuable insight into current and emergent research occurring within the field of distributed computing. It also presents architectures and service frameworks to achieve highly integrated distributed systems and solutions to integration and efficient management challenges faced by current and future distributed systems. Highlighting a range of topics such as data sharing, wireless sensor networks, and scalability, this multi-volume book is ideally designed for system administrators, integrators, designers, developers, researchers, academicians, and students.
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1799853403
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 2700
Book Description
Distributed systems intertwine with our everyday lives. The benefits and current shortcomings of the underpinning technologies are experienced by a wide range of people and their smart devices. With the rise of large-scale IoT and similar distributed systems, cloud bursting technologies, and partial outsourcing solutions, private entities are encouraged to increase their efficiency and offer unparalleled availability and reliability to their users. The Research Anthology on Architectures, Frameworks, and Integration Strategies for Distributed and Cloud Computing is a vital reference source that provides valuable insight into current and emergent research occurring within the field of distributed computing. It also presents architectures and service frameworks to achieve highly integrated distributed systems and solutions to integration and efficient management challenges faced by current and future distributed systems. Highlighting a range of topics such as data sharing, wireless sensor networks, and scalability, this multi-volume book is ideally designed for system administrators, integrators, designers, developers, researchers, academicians, and students.
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for Smart Community
Author: T V Ramana
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1003835724
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 148
Book Description
Intelligent systems are technologically advanced machines that perceive and respond to the world around them. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for Smart Community: Concepts and Applications presents the evolution, challenges, and limitations of the application of machine learning and artificial intelligence to intelligent systems and smart communities. Covers the core and fundamental aspects of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and computational algorithms in smart intelligent systems Discusses the integration of artificial intelligence with machine learning using mathematical modeling Elaborates concepts like supervised and unsupervised learning, and machine learning algorithms, such as linear regression, logistic regression, random forest, and performance evaluation matrices Introduces modern algorithms such as convolutional neural networks and support vector machines Presents case studies on smart healthcare, smart traffic management, smart buildings, autonomous vehicles, smart education, modern community, and smart machines Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for Smart Community: Concepts and Applications is primarily written for graduate students and academic researchers working in the fields of computer science and engineering, electrical engineering, and information technology. Seasonal Blurb: This reference text presents the most recent and advanced research on the application of artificial intelligence and machine learning on intelligent systems. It will discuss important topics such as business intelligence, reinforcement learning, supervised learning, and unsupervised learning in a comprehensive manner.
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1003835724
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 148
Book Description
Intelligent systems are technologically advanced machines that perceive and respond to the world around them. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for Smart Community: Concepts and Applications presents the evolution, challenges, and limitations of the application of machine learning and artificial intelligence to intelligent systems and smart communities. Covers the core and fundamental aspects of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and computational algorithms in smart intelligent systems Discusses the integration of artificial intelligence with machine learning using mathematical modeling Elaborates concepts like supervised and unsupervised learning, and machine learning algorithms, such as linear regression, logistic regression, random forest, and performance evaluation matrices Introduces modern algorithms such as convolutional neural networks and support vector machines Presents case studies on smart healthcare, smart traffic management, smart buildings, autonomous vehicles, smart education, modern community, and smart machines Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for Smart Community: Concepts and Applications is primarily written for graduate students and academic researchers working in the fields of computer science and engineering, electrical engineering, and information technology. Seasonal Blurb: This reference text presents the most recent and advanced research on the application of artificial intelligence and machine learning on intelligent systems. It will discuss important topics such as business intelligence, reinforcement learning, supervised learning, and unsupervised learning in a comprehensive manner.
Intelligent Vehicles
Author: Felipe Jiménez
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN: 012813108X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 505
Book Description
Intelligent Road Vehicles examines specific aspects of intelligent vehicles such as enabling technologies, human factors and an analysis of social and economic impacts. The book is an invaluable resource for those pursuing deeper knowledge in the intelligent vehicles field, providing readers with an idea of current and future technologies, current projects and developments and the future of intelligent vehicles. Intelligent road vehicles are becoming a challenging area of research worldwide. Apart from the final applications and systems in vehicles, there are many enabling technologies that should be introduced. Communications and automation are two key areas for future automobiles. This book benefits from collaboration on the Thematic Network on Intelligent Vehicles led by Felipe Jimenez. - Provides a general overview of different aspects related to intelligent road vehicles (sensors, applications, communications, automation, human factors, etc.) - Addresses the different components and building blocks of intelligent vehicles in a single, comprehensive reference - Explains how sensors are interpreted, including how different sensor readings are fused - Addresses issues involved with avoiding collisions and other factors such as pot holes, unclear road lines or markings, and unexpected weather conditions
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN: 012813108X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 505
Book Description
Intelligent Road Vehicles examines specific aspects of intelligent vehicles such as enabling technologies, human factors and an analysis of social and economic impacts. The book is an invaluable resource for those pursuing deeper knowledge in the intelligent vehicles field, providing readers with an idea of current and future technologies, current projects and developments and the future of intelligent vehicles. Intelligent road vehicles are becoming a challenging area of research worldwide. Apart from the final applications and systems in vehicles, there are many enabling technologies that should be introduced. Communications and automation are two key areas for future automobiles. This book benefits from collaboration on the Thematic Network on Intelligent Vehicles led by Felipe Jimenez. - Provides a general overview of different aspects related to intelligent road vehicles (sensors, applications, communications, automation, human factors, etc.) - Addresses the different components and building blocks of intelligent vehicles in a single, comprehensive reference - Explains how sensors are interpreted, including how different sensor readings are fused - Addresses issues involved with avoiding collisions and other factors such as pot holes, unclear road lines or markings, and unexpected weather conditions
Autonomous and Connected Vehicles
Author: Dominique Paret
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119816130
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 420
Book Description
AUTONOMOUS AND CONNECTED VEHICLES Discover the latest developments in autonomous vehicles and what the future holds for this exciting technology In Autonomous and Connected Vehicles, networking experts Dominique Paret and Hassina Rebaine deliver a robust exploration of the major technological changes taking place in the field, and describe the different levels of autonomy possible with current technologies and the legal and regulatory contexts in which new autonomous vehicles will circulate. The book also includes discussions of the sensors, including infrared, ultrasound, cameras, lidar, and radar, used by modern autonomous vehicles. Readers will enjoy the intuitive descriptions of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), network architectures (CAN-FD, FlexRay, and Backbone Ethernet), and software that power current and future autonomous vehicles. The authors also discuss how ADAS can be fused with data flowing over newer and faster network architectures and artificial intelligence to create greater levels of autonomy. The book also includes: A thorough introduction to the buzz and hype surrounding autonomous and connected vehicles, including a brief history of the autonomous vehicle Comprehensive explorations of common issues affecting autonomous and connected vehicles, including regulatory guidelines, legislation, relevant norms and standards, and insurance issues Practical discussions of autonomous vehicle sensors, from DAS to ADAS and HADAS, and VA L3 to L5 In-depth examinations of networks and architecture, including discussions of data fusion, artificial intelligence, and hardware architecture in vehicles Perfect for graduate and undergraduate students in programs dealing with the intersection of wireless communication technologies and vehicles, Autonomous and Connected Vehicles is also a must-read reference for industry professionals and researchers seeking a one-stop reference for the latest developments in vehicle communications technology.
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119816130
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 420
Book Description
AUTONOMOUS AND CONNECTED VEHICLES Discover the latest developments in autonomous vehicles and what the future holds for this exciting technology In Autonomous and Connected Vehicles, networking experts Dominique Paret and Hassina Rebaine deliver a robust exploration of the major technological changes taking place in the field, and describe the different levels of autonomy possible with current technologies and the legal and regulatory contexts in which new autonomous vehicles will circulate. The book also includes discussions of the sensors, including infrared, ultrasound, cameras, lidar, and radar, used by modern autonomous vehicles. Readers will enjoy the intuitive descriptions of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), network architectures (CAN-FD, FlexRay, and Backbone Ethernet), and software that power current and future autonomous vehicles. The authors also discuss how ADAS can be fused with data flowing over newer and faster network architectures and artificial intelligence to create greater levels of autonomy. The book also includes: A thorough introduction to the buzz and hype surrounding autonomous and connected vehicles, including a brief history of the autonomous vehicle Comprehensive explorations of common issues affecting autonomous and connected vehicles, including regulatory guidelines, legislation, relevant norms and standards, and insurance issues Practical discussions of autonomous vehicle sensors, from DAS to ADAS and HADAS, and VA L3 to L5 In-depth examinations of networks and architecture, including discussions of data fusion, artificial intelligence, and hardware architecture in vehicles Perfect for graduate and undergraduate students in programs dealing with the intersection of wireless communication technologies and vehicles, Autonomous and Connected Vehicles is also a must-read reference for industry professionals and researchers seeking a one-stop reference for the latest developments in vehicle communications technology.