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Author: Mark Jesus M. Magbanua Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319559478 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 304
Book Description
Numerous studies have shown that elevated levels of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood of cancer patients are associated with poor response to treatment and inferior survival probabilities. Despite this clinical significance, the molecular biology of CTCs remains poorly understood. The paucity in molecular information can be attributed to the tremendous technical challenges involved in isolating these extremely rare cells. Recent technological advancements in rare-cell technology, however, have allowed for the reliable enrichment and isolation of CTCs. Consequently, the use of recently developed molecular approaches —e.g., multiplexed QPCR, microarray, and next generation sequencing analyses— to profile CTCs have provided novel insights into the molecular makeup of these tumor cells. This book discusses approaches for enrichment and isolation of CTCs as well as recent advances in comprehensive molecular profiling of CTCs using cutting-edge omics technology.
Author: Mark Jesus M. Magbanua Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319559478 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 304
Book Description
Numerous studies have shown that elevated levels of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood of cancer patients are associated with poor response to treatment and inferior survival probabilities. Despite this clinical significance, the molecular biology of CTCs remains poorly understood. The paucity in molecular information can be attributed to the tremendous technical challenges involved in isolating these extremely rare cells. Recent technological advancements in rare-cell technology, however, have allowed for the reliable enrichment and isolation of CTCs. Consequently, the use of recently developed molecular approaches —e.g., multiplexed QPCR, microarray, and next generation sequencing analyses— to profile CTCs have provided novel insights into the molecular makeup of these tumor cells. This book discusses approaches for enrichment and isolation of CTCs as well as recent advances in comprehensive molecular profiling of CTCs using cutting-edge omics technology.
Author: Richard J. Cote Publisher: Springer ISBN: 1493933639 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 345
Book Description
This volume provides the latest research on circulating tumor cells aimed for cancer researchers, scientists, and molecular oncologists. It presents the basic concepts behind circulating tumor cells (CTCs), metastatic biology, and potential applications as to how CTCs can be used in diagnostic biomarkers. CTCs are cells that have detached from the primary tumor and circulate in the bloodstream. Such cells may become "seeds" for the growth of additional tumors. The field of analysis surrounding cancer metastasis has been steadily growing, and CTCs provide effective biomarkers that can be examined in peripheral blood through a minimally invasive “liquid biopsy” procedure. CTCs offer several exciting applications, not only as markers of disease progression but also as biomarkers of monitoring response to therapy and companion diagnostics for novel anticancer drug development. In recent years there has been rapid growth and worldwide developments on CTCs, which span both the basic sciences and biomedical engineering fields.
Author: Z. Hugh Fan Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118915534 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 479
Book Description
Introduces the reader to Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs), their isolation method and analysis, and commercially available platforms Presents the historical perspective and the overview of the field of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) Discusses the state-of-art methods for CTC isolation, ranging from the macro- to micro-scale, from positive concentration to negative depletion, and from biological-property-enabled to physical-property-based approaches Details commercially available CTC platforms Describes post-isolation analysis and clinical translation Provides a glossary of scientific terms related to CTCs
Author: Manjima Dhar Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 154
Book Description
Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) are important biomarkers for monitoring tumor dynamics and efficacy of cancer therapy. When these cells disseminate from tumors and enter the blood stream, they carry the tumor's genetic and proteomic information. They are particularly attractive because they can be obtained in a minimally invasive manner. Using microfluidic devices, we can isolate these rare cells from the background of blood cells. Here we study clinically relevant use cases of these CTCs. We characterize two aspects of CTCs: i) the PD-L1 expression levels on CTCs from non-small cell lung cancer patients undergoing immunotherapy ii) the secretion of proteases as it relates to cancer metastasis. In the process of molecular profiling the CTCs, we use a novel label free Vortex isolation system. A modification to the original Vortex device enabled us to capture a wider size range of CTCs at a higher capture efficiency, uncovering further heterogeneity. This simple biophysical method opens doors for a range of downstream analysis. After CTC isolation, we test the hypothesis that tumor cells secrete proteolytic enzymes to facilitate tissue invasion and spread. Given recent work suggesting CTCs can be produced by early stage tumors, MMP production by CTCs could provide a more precise biomarker of the level of metastatic activity for the disease beyond a simple CTC count. We developed a unique integrated microfluidic system able to perform three functions: i) Isolate CTCs rapidly by size. ii) Exchange the fluid around CTCs to both remove contaminants, and introduce a fluorogenic MMP-substrate. iii) Encapsulate purified CTCs into a small number of microdroplets to interrogate MMPs secreted at the single-CTC level. Total analysis from blood input to secretion assay takes minutes and preserves viability, making this system compatible with studying live cells while they retain physiologic conditions. We found that isolated CTCs from metastatic prostate cancer patients, identified through surface markers and nucleus size, release active MMPs. Assaying protease activity of circulating tumor cells will ultimately be important in uncovering the biology of metastasis and serve as a key component of future phenotypic liquid biopsies, potentially enabling companion diagnostics for MMP inhibitor therapies currently in clinical trials.
Author: U. Reinhold Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642595375 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 284
Book Description
Knowledge about diagnostic procedures in melanoma has in creased rapidly within the past few years. Single tumor cells have been identified in normal tissue such as sentinel lymph nodes, as well as in bone marrow, peripheral blood, and other bodily fluids and cells, by molecular technologies. The introduction of polymerase chain reaction-based methods can be regarded as a prototype of this dramatic development towards molecular approaches in new diagnostic procedures. This fact opens up the possibility of clinical use in patients and of influencing treatment strategies. Considerable discrepancies have been described, how ever, in the success rates of these new techniques for the detec tion of minimal residual disease in cancer patients. Despite fav orable results reported by different groups of investigators, it will take several years to define the clinical and pathophysiological relevance of new diagnostic procedures. The 1st International Symposium "Minimal Residual Disease in Melanoma: Biology, Detection and Clinical Relevance of Microme tastases", held in September 1999 in Homburg/Saar, Germany, fo cused on recent developments in this particular area of cancer re search. The purpose of the meeting was to stimulate discussion and exchange of new data and ideas by renowned international scientists. The aim of this volume is to summarize major topics of basic research and clinical investigations presented by invited experts in this fascinating but still. controversial field of melanoma re search.
Author: Michail Ignatiadis Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642281605 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 245
Book Description
This important book provides up-to-date information on a series of topical issues relating to the approach to minimal residual disease in breast cancer patients. It first explains how the study of minimal residual disease and circulating and disseminated tumor cells (CTCs/DTCs) can assist in the understanding of breast cancer metastasis. A series of chapters then discuss the various technologies available for the detection and characterization of CTCs and DTCs, pinpointing their merits and limitations. Detailed consideration is given to the relevance of CTCs and DTCs, and their detection, to clinical research and practice. The role of other blood-based biomarkers is also addressed, and the closing chapters debate the challenges facing drug and biomarker co-development and the use of CTCs for companion diagnostic development. This book will be of interest and assistance to all who are engaged in the modern management of breast cancer.
Author: Roberto Piñeiro Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030358054 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 177
Book Description
This book is aimed to summarise the key aspects of the role of circulating tumour cells (CTCs) in breast cancer, with special attention to their contribution to tumour progression and establishment of metastatic disease. We aim to give a clear overview of the knowledge about CTCs, framed in the context of breast cancer, by analysing basic and clinical research carried out so far. In a broader sense, we will address what are the main clinical needs of this disease based on its molecular heterogeneity (subtypes) and lay out the knowledge and understanding that CTCs are giving about it and how they are contributing and can still improve the better monitoring and management of breast cancer patients. We will discuss the evidences of the use of CTCs as a tool to monitor cancer progression and therapy response, based on the prognostic and predictive value they have, as well as a tool to unravel mechanisms of resistance to therapy and to identify new biomarkers allowing to predict therapy success. Moreover, we will analyse the main aspects of ongoing clinical trials and how they can contribute to determine the clinical utility of CTCs as a breast cancer biomarker. We will also touch upon general knowledge or basic notions of the biology of the metastatic process in epithelial cancers, in order to understand the origin and biology of CTCs. In this sense, we will pay special attention to EMT (epithelial to mesenchymal transition), dormancy and minimal residual disease, three key aspects that determine the outcome of the disease. We will also cover general aspects on the isolation and characterization techniques applies to the study of CTCs, and also the possibilities that the study of CTCs, as a biomarker with biological function, is opening in terms of understanding the biology of metastatic cells and the identification of therapeutic targets based on the functional and molecular characterization of CTCs. Lastly, we will try to foresee the future of CTCs in terms of clinical application and implementation in the clinical routine.
Author: Mark Jesus M. Magbanua Publisher: Humana ISBN: 9781493983971 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This volume explores various approaches for enrichment, detection, isolation, and molecular profiling of circulating tumor cells (CTCs). Each chapter provides comprehensive descriptions and guidelines on how to perform innovative experiments in CTC research. Included are protocols for capture of CTCs via filtration and density gradient centrifugation; microfluidic and immunomagnetic separation of CTCs; detection of CTCs by immunocytochemistry, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and flow cytometry; assays designed for genomic characterization and functional analyses of CTCs, and many more. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, the chapters in this book include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Cutting-edge and authoritative, Circula ting Tumor Cells: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for laboratory researchers and clinicians who are interested in furthering their studies on CTCs.
Author: Catherine Alix-Panabieres Publisher: MDPI ISBN: 3039286986 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 366
Book Description
The analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) as a real-time liquid biopsy approach can be used to obtain new insights into metastasis biology, and as companion diagnostics to improve the stratification of therapies and to obtain insights into the therapy-induced selection of cancer cells. In this book, we will cover all the different facets of CTCs to assemble a huge corpus of knowledge on cancer dissemination: technologies for their enrichment, detection, and characterization; their analysis at the single-cell level; their journey as CTC microemboli; their clinical relevance; their biology with the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT); their stem-cell properties; their potential to initiate metastasis at distant sites; their ex vivo expansion; and their escape from the immune system.
Author: Mark Jesus M. Magbanua
Author: Mark Jesus M. Magbanua
Author: Richard J. Cote
Author: Rita Lampignano
Author: Z. Hugh Fan
Author: Manjima Dhar
Author: U. Reinhold
Author: Michail Ignatiadis
Author: Roberto Piñeiro
Author: Mark Jesus M. Magbanua
Author: Catherine Alix-Panabieres