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Author: Benjamin Mahr Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 3638760588 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 42
Book Description
Essay from the year 2004 in the subject Business economics - Law, grade: Distinction (84%), The University of Sydney (Faculty of Law), course: International Business Law, language: English, abstract: INTRODUCTION The Vienna Convention on International Sale of Goods [The Vienna Convention] is by far not the first attempt to harmonize international commercial code - there is a history of efforts to harmonization that goes back to the beginning of the 20th century. In 1930 the International Institute for the Unification of Private Law [UNIDROIT] was created in Europe. It developed its first draft sales law in 1935 and resumed its efforts in 1951 producing a draft commercial code which was circulated until the early 1960's. The first successful intermediate stage was reached, when in 1964 The Hague Conference adopted the Uniform Law for the International Sale of Goods [ULIS] and the Uniform Law for the Formation of Contracts [ULF]. High expectations accompanied the signing of the Hague Convention on Sales, but only a small number of countries ratified the Hague Convention and its application was strictly reduced to these member states. "It was especially disappointing that the Hague Conventions were not ratified by some of the signatory states - such as France and the United States - which had exercised considerable influence on the formulation of their rules." Despite the partial failure of the Hague Conventions international efforts to harmonization of sales law were still going on. In 1966 the United Nations founded The United Nations Commission on International Trade Law [UNCITRAL] which gave top priority to establishing a uniform international trade law. The efforts of a group comprised of 14 nations lead to the first draft text of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods [CISG] which was "deliberated at the eleventh session of UNCITRAL in 1978 in New York" and then circulated "among the governments of UN member states for t
Author: Benjamin Mahr Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 3638760588 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 42
Book Description
Essay from the year 2004 in the subject Business economics - Law, grade: Distinction (84%), The University of Sydney (Faculty of Law), course: International Business Law, language: English, abstract: INTRODUCTION The Vienna Convention on International Sale of Goods [The Vienna Convention] is by far not the first attempt to harmonize international commercial code - there is a history of efforts to harmonization that goes back to the beginning of the 20th century. In 1930 the International Institute for the Unification of Private Law [UNIDROIT] was created in Europe. It developed its first draft sales law in 1935 and resumed its efforts in 1951 producing a draft commercial code which was circulated until the early 1960's. The first successful intermediate stage was reached, when in 1964 The Hague Conference adopted the Uniform Law for the International Sale of Goods [ULIS] and the Uniform Law for the Formation of Contracts [ULF]. High expectations accompanied the signing of the Hague Convention on Sales, but only a small number of countries ratified the Hague Convention and its application was strictly reduced to these member states. "It was especially disappointing that the Hague Conventions were not ratified by some of the signatory states - such as France and the United States - which had exercised considerable influence on the formulation of their rules." Despite the partial failure of the Hague Conventions international efforts to harmonization of sales law were still going on. In 1966 the United Nations founded The United Nations Commission on International Trade Law [UNCITRAL] which gave top priority to establishing a uniform international trade law. The efforts of a group comprised of 14 nations lead to the first draft text of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods [CISG] which was "deliberated at the eleventh session of UNCITRAL in 1978 in New York" and then circulated "among the governments of UN member states for t
Author: Orkun Akseli Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing ISBN: 1509914714 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 465
Book Description
The reform of commercial law through harmonisation, unification, codification and other means remains one of the most important projects in developing the institutional architecture for the global economy. This edited collection engages with the challenges and contributes to a greater understanding of the problems faced by states, international organisations, and private sector actors in this ongoing reform project for commercial law. The volume takes stock of the project to date and looks towards a restructuring of the agenda to deal with new challenges. The primary aim of the collection is to understand the future of commercial law reform in a way that offers ideas and strategies for innovation as well as in methodologies for project selection and evaluation. In so doing, the collection informs the debate on the global reform of commercial law and will be of interest not only to academics, but also to those involved in the reform of commercial law around the world. The volume collects papers presented at the UK Society of Legal Scholars Annual Seminar 2017.
Author: John Honnold Publisher: Springer ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 730
Book Description
This publication is a comprehensive commentary on the history, analysis & interpretation of the Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs). These treaties are intended to protect U.S. investment in foreign countries. Although the initial target of the BITs was to develop countries in the third world, the opening of Eastern Europe has led to BIT negotiations in that region as well. United States Investment Treaties: Policy & Practice analyzes the policies underlying the BIT program; describes how the BIT program differs from prior U.S. practice with respect to foreign investment protection; explains the intent of specific provisions in the various model negotiations texts; assesses the extent to which the negotiations of the individual signed BITs resulted in a substantive modification of provisions of the model negotiating texts & thus a departure from the intent of the drafters. This book deals with a topic of increasing interest to businesses with operations in foreign countries & to attorneys advising these companies.
Author: Richard K. Gardiner Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA ISBN: 0199669236 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 577
Book Description
The rules of treaty interpretation codified in the 'Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties' now apply to virtually all treaties, in an international context as well as within national legal systems, where treaties have an impact on a large and growing range of matters. The rules of treaty interpretation differ somewhat from typical rules for interpreting legal instruments and legislation within national legal systems. Lawyers, administrators, diplomats, and officials at international organisations are increasingly likely to encounter issues of treaty interpretation which require not only knowledge of the relevant rules of interpretation, but also how these rules have been, and are to be, applied in practice. Since the codified rules of treaty interpretation came into decree, there is a considerable body of case-law on their application. This case-law, combined with the history and analysis of the rules of treaty interpretation, provides a basis for understanding this most important task in the application of treaties internationally and within national systems of law. Any lawyer who ever has to consider international matters, and increasingly any lawyer whose work involves domestic legislation with any international connection, is at risk nowadays of encountering a treaty provision which requires interpretation, whether the treaty provision is explicitly in issue or is the source of the relevant domestic legislation. This fully updated new edition features case law from a broader range of jurisdictions, and an account of the work of the International Law Commission in its relation to interpretative declarations. This book provides a guide to interpreting treaties properly in accordance with the modern rules.
Author: Djakhongir Saidov Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing ISBN: 1509922733 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 432
Book Description
'Saidov has produced a detailed and highly readable text that considers in turn the methods of limiting damages, the determination of loss and the calculation of damages. It will doubtless become a first point of reference for academics and practitioners alike.' Martin J Doris, Edinburgh Law Review The second edition of this internationally acclaimed book explores damages for breach of an international sales contract, one of the most important and frequently invoked remedies. The focus is on the international contract law instruments such as the Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG), the UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts and the Principles of European Contract Law. The book draws on the experience of some major legal systems and engages with legal scholarship on the international instruments and on contract damages, providing the most comprehensive, in-depth and thorough examination of damages under the instruments to date. The second edition is updated, reflecting the latest developments in legal thinking on contract damages. It incorporates around 60 new cases and now covers more than 370 cases decided by courts and arbitration tribunals from around the world. The new edition is substantially revised, including new commentary on damages for a documentary breach. Truly international in spirit, this book is analytically rigorous and practically oriented, offering distinctive analyses of, and solutions to, some of the most challenging problems surrounding contract damages.
Author: Roy Goode Publisher: OUP Oxford ISBN: 0191632392 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 1810
Book Description
Transnational commercial law represents the outcome of work undertaken to harmonize national laws affecting domestic and cross-border transactions and is upheld by a diverse spectrum of instruments. Now in its second edition, this authoritative work brings together the major instruments in this field, dividing them into thirteen groups: Treaty Law, Contracts, Electronic Commerce, International Sales, Agency and Distribution, International Credit Transfers and Bank Payment Undertakings, International Secured Transactions, Cross-Border Insolvency, Securities Custody, Clearing and Settlement and Securities Collateral, Conflict of Laws, Civil Procedure, Commercial Arbitration, and a new section on Carriage of Goods. Each group of instruments is preceded by linking text which provides important context by identifying the key instruments in each group, discussing their purposes and relationships, and explaining the major provisions of each instrument, thus setting them in their commercial context. This volume is unique in providing the full text of international conventions, including the preamble - which is important for interpretation - and the final clauses and any annexes. In addition, each instrument is accompanied by a complete list of dates of signature and ratification by all contracting states, all easily navigated through the detailed tables of contents which precedes it. This fully-indexed work provides an indispensable guide for the practitioner or academic to the primary transnational commercial law instruments.
Author: Benjamin Mahr
Author: Benjamin Mahr
Author: Daniel Barstow Magraw
Author: Orkun Akseli
Author: John Honnold
Author: John Honnold
Author: Richard K. Gardiner
Author: 
Author: Djakhongir Saidov
Author: Norbert Horn (jurist.)
Author: Roy Goode