Iowa Gambling Task, Somatic Marker Hypothesis, and Neuroeconomics: Rationality and Emotion in Decision Under Uncertainty PDF Download

Author: Yao-Chu Chiu
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889743829
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 225

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Author: Jong-Tsun Huang
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889455289
Category : Decision making
Languages : en
Pages : 275

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Book Description
The world is full of uncertainty. In unpredictable circumstances, can emotions facilitate advantageous decision-making? A neuroscience team, led by Antonio Damasio, explored this question using the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). To the present day, the findings of numerous IGT-related investigations strongly influence clinical and interdisciplinary research, for example, in neuroeconomics and neuromarketing. This special issue examines IGT-based research progress over the past 20 years through literature reviews, clinical examinations, model construction, theoretical integration, and brain imaging technology. Both supportive and opposing viewpoints are provided to frame correlations between rationality, emotion, decision-making, and IGT. Potential future directions for IGT studies are discussed

Author: Lauren Hoffmann
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 56

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Book Description
When analyzing the rationality of individuals' economic decisions, researchers have long recognized that emotion plays a key role in the decision process. Decisions are often guided by the experience of emotion, and emotion can help or hinder decision processes by signaling advantageous outcomes or by leading individuals to suboptimal choice. Cognitive reappraisal may be utilized as a controlled process (i.e. requiring executive control) in an effort to achieve decision outcomes that maximize individuals' personal subjective utility, achieved particularly by longer-term considerations not guided by immediate prospects. Following Bayesian rationality may be vital to achieving consistent decision outcomes that maximize utility, and the present research explores the relationship between affect and economic choice in order to establish how negative and positive affect influence the decision process when participants make economic decisions through an Iowa gambling task. Additionally, the research examines how cognitive reappraisal may allow for specialized prefrontal cortex decision making where Bayesian rationality is achieved through reappraisals of negative and positive affect states. Furthermore, reward-based learning is explored in an effort to determine how participants update the probabilities of obtaining advantageous outcomes. The study used an experimental 3x2 factorial design examining emotion (3- positive, negative, and neutral) and cognitive reappraisal (2- reappraisal or no reappraisal instructions). 300 college participants were randomly assigned to watch film clips for emotion elicitation with or without cognitive reappraisal conditions, and made selections in a computerized gambling task with the goal of making as much money as possible. Emotion elicitation did not influence decision making in the gambling task, nor did receiving reappraisal instruction. However, further analyses revealed the successful decision makers were significantly more likely to show learning in the task, which indicates reward-based learning as a function of time is an important factor contributing to economically advantageous decision making. Implications of the research and suggestions for future studies examining transient emotion elicitation and cognitive reappraisal are discussed.

Author: Srikanth Ramaswamy
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889745120
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 347

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Author: Karin Brunsson
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1788110390
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 152

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Book Description
Decisions and the complexity of decision-making are central topics in several social science disciplines, including those of social psychology, political science and the study of organizations. This book draws on insights from all of these disciplines and provides a concise overview of some of the most intriguing and salient observations and arguments in the research about decision-making. The book first deals with basic decision making logics and applies them to both individual and organizational decision making. The book then deals with consequences of decisions and the complications of making decisions in a political context, where many individuals and organizations are involved.

Author: Daniel Houser
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN: 1848553056
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 350

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Book Description
Considers the various topics in health economics including the production of and demand for health; the demand for medical care services; the financing of these services; the markets for physicians, nurses, dentists, hospitals, and drugs; the economics of substance use; health in developing countries; and, the economics of medical technology.

Author: Peter Politser
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198041683
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 234

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Book Description
As technology has opened new windows into the brain, it has clarified what happens there when people make decisions about money. This clarity has produced a new science called neuroeconomics, which addresses diverse questions, such as why people save, buy stocks, steal, and overspend. The many different methods used in neuroeconomics have, however, often yielded unclear findings about the quality of these decisions, primarily because the field has lacked both guidelines for categorizing the different aspects of quality, and guidelines for selecting methods to study these aspects. Before this book, in which Peter Politser guides the reader through the different regions of study, there was no scientific guide for those interested in neuroeconomics. Politser shows how to evaluate specific elements of choice, such as regret, expectation, risk, ambiguity, time preference, and learning, and surveys economic and behavioral models of decision making skills. He reviews the neural correlates of decisional impairments and inconsistenciesclarifying, for example, why we do not recall what we experience, experience what we expect, or like what we want, and provides detailed tables of decision-making skills, their neural correlates, and possible impairments. Politser also considers what the field of neuroeconomics may add to future conceptions of decision making, and outlines the limitations of various studies of different capacities. He then introduces a broader field for the design and interpretation of neuroeconomic studiesa neuroepidemiology of decision making. Everyone who wants to understand the research in neuroeconomics or use its methods should read this book. Its accessible text, along with an extensive glossary, will guide those with little economic or neuroscience background, and make the book an excellent supplement for courses on neuroscience and decision making.

Author: Giovanna Colombetti
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 268

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Book Description
Emotion experience has failed to date to gain a central place in the study of consciousness. This special issue of the Journal of Consciousness Studies presents the most recent views on the matter, with discussions of several aspects of emotion experience. Contributors from different disciplines address links between feelings, brain, body and world. What happens in the brain and in the body when we have feelings? How do feelings relate to our understanding of the world? The contributors also analyse emotion experience per se -- the character of moods, the role of emotion experience in demarcating the class of emotion, the alleged positive and negative character of affect, its embodied feel and its relation to action.

Author: Caterina Marchionni
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 131797736X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 145

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Book Description
Is neuroeconomics a flimsy fad likely to pass without leaving a discernible trace in economics? Or is it a promising new field with the potential to enrich and improve economic theory? Neuroeconomics brings together a unique mix of perspectives ranging from philosophy of science to neuroeconomics practice to reflect on the promises and limitations of neuroeconomics for the future of economics. The analyses collected in the volume suggest that although neuroeconomics raises methodological worries that ought to be dealt with, it might contribute to economics in various ways, some perhaps more promising than others. One thing comes out clearly, though: a complete insulation of economics from neuroscience and psychology is likely to do economics more harm than good. This book was originally published as a special issue of Journal of Economic Methodology.

Author:
Publisher: Newnes
ISBN: 0444626077
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 533

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Book Description
This well-established international series examines major areas of basic and clinical research within neuroscience, as well as emerging and promising subfields.This volume explores interdisciplinary research on decision making taking a neural and behavioural approach - Leading authors review the state-of-the-art in their field of investigation, and provide their views and perspectives for future research - Chapters are extensively referenced to provide readers with a comprehensive list of resources on the topics covered - All chapters include comprehensive background information and are written in a clear form that is also accessible to the non-specialist