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Author: Piero P. Foa Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461225965 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 605
Book Description
Omnis cellula e cellula, "every cell from a cell," was dogma to the 19th century cellular physiologist and the cornerstone of Virchow's Cellular pathologie. "Spread out a cell into a layer and you will find that, in ceasing to be a cell, it has ceased to act as such," wrote the British 1 physiologist G . R. Lewes more than a century age. "The cell remains vital as long as its wall remains intact . . . " keeping its content "pure and clear" and thus preserving the "vital principle" within, echoed Claude 2 Bernard a few years later. The notion of the cell membrane as a pro tecting envelope held sway until it became clear that it could not account for the "coalescence" of poorly differentiated embryonic "vesicles" and for their transformation into "cell-like structures" capable of auto regulation and yet subject to what the grandfather of one of us defined as the "federal obligations imposed by the whole organism. ,,3 A new concept was needed, and soon the membrane was described as a structure capable of uniting as well as separating adjacent cells. Morphologic evidence for this dual function was obtained several years later when the electron microscope revealed the existence of tight and gap junc tions which, acting as intercellular bonds and channels, allowed the cells to communicate with one another and thus coordinate their biologic activities.
Author: Piero P. Foa Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461225965 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 605
Book Description
Omnis cellula e cellula, "every cell from a cell," was dogma to the 19th century cellular physiologist and the cornerstone of Virchow's Cellular pathologie. "Spread out a cell into a layer and you will find that, in ceasing to be a cell, it has ceased to act as such," wrote the British 1 physiologist G . R. Lewes more than a century age. "The cell remains vital as long as its wall remains intact . . . " keeping its content "pure and clear" and thus preserving the "vital principle" within, echoed Claude 2 Bernard a few years later. The notion of the cell membrane as a pro tecting envelope held sway until it became clear that it could not account for the "coalescence" of poorly differentiated embryonic "vesicles" and for their transformation into "cell-like structures" capable of auto regulation and yet subject to what the grandfather of one of us defined as the "federal obligations imposed by the whole organism. ,,3 A new concept was needed, and soon the membrane was described as a structure capable of uniting as well as separating adjacent cells. Morphologic evidence for this dual function was obtained several years later when the electron microscope revealed the existence of tight and gap junc tions which, acting as intercellular bonds and channels, allowed the cells to communicate with one another and thus coordinate their biologic activities.
Author: J.P. Andersen Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0080877079 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 273
Book Description
Both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells depend strongly on the function of ion pumps present in their membranes. The term ion pump, synonymous with active ion-transport system, refers to a membrane-associated protein that translocates ions uphill against an electrochemical potential gradient. Primary ion pumps utilize energy derived from chemical reactions or from the absorption of light, while secondary ion pumps derive the energy for uphill movement of one ionic species from the downhill movement of another species. In the present volume, various aspects of ion pump structure, mechanism, and regulation are treated using mostly the ion-transporting ATPases as examples. One chapter has been devoted to a secondary ion pump, the Na+-Ca2+ exchanger, not only because of the vital role played by this transport system in regulation of cardiac contractility, but also because it exemplifies the interesting mechanistic and structural similarities between primary and secondary pumps.
Author: Georgiĭ Leonidovich Saksaganskiĭ Publisher: Taylor & Francis ISBN: 9783718656684 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 388
Book Description
This unique monograph discusses all aspects of the design and operation of electrophysical ultrahigh-vacuum pumps (EUVP). The adsorption-diffusion model of interaction of gas molecules with metal getters is presented, together with the getter films sorption characteristics. A mathematical model of molecular transfer in electrophysical pumps and the
Author: Georgii Saksaganskii Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1134898401 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 384
Book Description
This unique monograph discusses all aspects of the design and operation of electrophysical ultrahigh-vacuum pumps (EUVP). The adsorption-diffusion model of interaction of gas molecules with metal getters is presented, together with getter films sorption characteristics. A mathematical model of molecular transfer in electrophysical pumps and the principles and criteria of their energy and structural-geometrical optimization are proposed; and the physical processes in the pumps are analyzed during the pumping out of both active and inert gases. Also presented are the generic and specific pump parameters and the methods of calculating their main characteristics. Of special interest are discussions of the design, structure, and operational featuress of evaporation getter and ion-getter pumps with thermal deposition of getter films; EUVP with plasma evaporation; sputter-ion pumps with and without built-in evaporators; pumping out methods based on nonevaporable getters; and impantation, membrane and catalytic pumps. This book will appeal to experts and students in experimental physics, electronics, fusion accelerator techniques and electrophysical and vacuum apparatus design.
Author: Hiromu Yawo Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9811587639 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 648
Book Description
This book, now in a thoroughly revised second edition, offers a comprehensive review of the rapidly growing field of optogenetics, in which light-sensing proteins are genetically engineered into cells in order to acquire information on cellular physiology in optical form or to enable control of specific network in the brain upon activation by light. Light-sensing proteins of various living organisms are now available to be exogenously expressed in neurons and other target cells both in vivo and in vitro. Cellular functions can thus be manipulated or probed by light. The new edition documents fully the extensive progress since publication of the first edition to provide an up-to-date overview of the physical, chemical, and biological properties of light-sensing proteins and their application in biological systems, particularly in neuroscience but also in medicine and the optical sciences. Underlying principles are explained and detailed information provided on a wide range of optogenetic tools for the observation and control of cellular signaling and physiology, gene targeting technologies, and optical methods for biological applications. In presenting the current status of optogenetics and emerging directions, this milestone publication will be a “must read” for all involved in research in any way related to optogenetics.
Author: Armin Kargol Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers ISBN: 1643274104 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 117
Book Description
All living matter is comprised of cells, small compartments isolated from the environment by a cell membrane and filled with concentrated solutions of various organic and inorganic compounds. Some organisms are single-cell, where all life functions are performed by that cell. Others have groups of cells, or entire organs, specializing in one particular function. The survival of the entire organism depends on all of its cells and organs fulfilling their roles. While the cells are studied by different sciences, they are seen differently by biologists, chemists, or physicists. Biologists concentrate their attention on cell structure and function. What does the cell consist of? Where are its organelles? What function does each organelle fulfil? From a chemists' point of view, a cell is a complex chemical reaction chamber where various molecules are synthesized or degraded. The main question is how these, sometimes very complicated chains of reactions are controlled. Finally, from a physics standpoint, one of the main questions is the physical movement of all these molecules between organelles within the cell, as well as their exchange with the extracellular medium. The aim of this book is to look into the basic physical phenomena occurring in cells. These physical transport processes facilitate chemical reactions in the cell and that in turn leads to the biological functions necessary for the cell to satisfy its role in the mother organism. Ultimately, the goals of every cell are to stay alive and to fulfil its function as a part of a larger organ or organism. This book is an inventory of physical transport processes occurring in cells while the second volume will be a closer look at how complex biological and physiological cell phenomena result from these very basic physical processes.
Author: Ronald J. Clarke Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1119085144 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 488
Book Description
Describes experimental methods for investigating the function of pumps, channels and transporters Covers new emerging analytical methods used to study ion transport membrane proteins such as single-molecule spectroscopy Details a wide range of electrophysiological techniques and spectroscopic methods used to analyze the function of ion channels, ion pumps and transporters Covers state-of-the art analytical methods to study ion pumps, channels, and transporters, and where analytical chemistry can make further contributions
Author: K. Welch Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 9780444508829 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 384
Book Description
This is a practical textbook written for use by engineers, scientists and technicians. It is not intended to be a rigorous scientific treatment of the subject material, as this would fill several volumes. Rather, it introduces the reader to the fundamentals of the subject material, and provides sufficient references for an in-depth study of the subject by the interested technologist. The author has a lifetime teaching credential in the California Community College System. Also, he has taught technical courses with the American Vacuum Society for about 35 years. Students attending many of these classes have backgrounds varying from high-school graduates to Ph.D.s in technical disciplines. This is an extremely difficult class profile to teach. This book still endeavors to reach this same audience. Basic algebra is required to master most of the material. But, the calculus is used in derivation of some of the equations. The author risks use of the first person I, instead of the author, and you instead of the reader. Both are thought to be in poor taste when writing for publication in the scientific community. However, I am writing this book for you because the subject is exciting, and I enjoy teaching you, perhaps, something new. The book is written more in the vein of a one-on-one discussion with you, rather than the author lecturing to the reader. There are anecdotes, and examples of some failures and successes I have had over the last forty-five years in vacuum related activities, I'll try not to understate either. Lastly, there are a few equations which if memorised will help you as a vacuum technician. There are less than a dozen equations and half that many rules of thumb to memorize, which will be drawn on time an again in designing, operating and trouble-shooting any vacuum system.
Author: Piero P. Foa
Author: Piero P. Foa
Author: J.P. Andersen
Author: Björn Wallmark
Author: Georgiĭ Leonidovich Saksaganskiĭ
Author: Wilfred D. Stein
Author: Georgii Saksaganskii
Author: Hiromu Yawo
Author: Armin Kargol
Author: Ronald J. Clarke
Author: K. Welch