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Author: Peter A Byrne Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642320457 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 246
Book Description
In this thesis, the author outlines the discovery of an effect common to representative examples of all Li salt-free Wittig Reactions. The implications of such a universally applicable effect are that all such Wittig reactions occur through the same mechanism. Although the Wittig reaction was first discovered in 1953, its reaction mechanism has never been definitively settled with many different variants proposed and disproved. The work in this thesis shows conclusively that for [2+2] cycloadditions all Wittig reactions occur by the same irreversible mechanism. In addition, the author also describes a new chromatography-free method for the removal of phosphine oxide from the alkene crude product of the Wittig reaction. The work in this thesis has led to several publications in high-profile journals.
Author: Peter A Byrne Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642320457 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 246
Book Description
In this thesis, the author outlines the discovery of an effect common to representative examples of all Li salt-free Wittig Reactions. The implications of such a universally applicable effect are that all such Wittig reactions occur through the same mechanism. Although the Wittig reaction was first discovered in 1953, its reaction mechanism has never been definitively settled with many different variants proposed and disproved. The work in this thesis shows conclusively that for [2+2] cycloadditions all Wittig reactions occur by the same irreversible mechanism. In addition, the author also describes a new chromatography-free method for the removal of phosphine oxide from the alkene crude product of the Wittig reaction. The work in this thesis has led to several publications in high-profile journals.
Author: Astrid Sigel Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9780824793838 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 828
Book Description
"Volume 31, devoted solely to the role of vanadium in life processes, offers a comprehensive and timely account of this fascinating field by 37 distinguished, international authorities. Highlights the properties of the various oxidation states of vanadium, their affinity for biogenic ligands, the effects of vanadium species on enzyme activity, the role of vanadium in nitrogenases and haloperoxidases, and more."
Author: Dieter Schinzer Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 940092464X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 326
Book Description
The ASI workshop on "Selectivities in Lewis Acid Promoted Reactions" held in the Emmantina-Hotel in Athens-Glyfada, Greece, October 2-7, 1988 was held to bring some light into the darkness of Lewis acid induced processes. As such the workshop reflects some current trends in organic synthesis, where Lewis acids are becoming a powerful tool in many different modern reactions, e.g. Diels-Alder reactions, Ene reactions, Sakurai reactions, and in general silicon and tin chemistry. The objective of this meeting was to bring together most of the world experts in the field to discuss the major reactions promoted by Lewis acids. Organic synthesis will play a major role in this book connected with some fundamental mechanistic work on allylsilane and -tin chemistry. Both natural product synthesis and unnatural molecules are presented in the chapters. The book presents all the 15 invited lectures and the contributions of 15 posters. I am confident that the material presented in this book will stimulate the chemistry, which has been discussed on our meeting, around the world. The meeting and the book were only possible through a grant of the NATO Scientific Affairs Devision and financial support by the following companies: Kali Chemie (Hannover, W-Germany), E. Merck (Darmstadt, W-Germany), Sandoz (Basel, Switzerland), Schering (Berlin, W-Germany).
Author: Matthew S. Platz Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0470120819 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 492
Book Description
The chemistry of reactive intermediates is central to a modern mechanistic and quantitative understanding of organic chemistry. Moreover, it underlies a significant portion of modern synthetic chemistry and is integral to a molecular view of biological chemistry. Reviews in Reactive Intermediate Chemistry presents an up-to-date, authoritative guide to this fundamental topic. Although it follows Reactive Intermediate Chemistry by the same authors, it serves as a free-standing resource for the entire chemical and biochemical community. The book includes: Relevant, practical applications Coverage of such topics as mass spectrometry methods, reactive intermediates in interstellar medium, quantum mechanical tunnelling, solvent effects, reactive intermediates in biochemical processes, and excited state surfaces Discussions of emerging areas, particularly those involving dynamics and theories Concluding sections identifying key directions for future research are provided at the end of each chapter
Author: David W Allen Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry ISBN: 1847554423 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 378
Book Description
Organophosphorus Chemistry provides a comprehensive annual review of the literature. Coverage includes phosphines and their chalcogenides, phosphonium salts, low coordination number phosphorus compounds, penta- and hexa-coordinated compounds, tervalent phosphorus acids, nucleotides and nucleic acids, ylides and related compounds, and phosphazenes. The series will be of value to research workers in universities, government and industrial research organisations, whose work involves the use of organophosphorus compounds. It provides a concise but comprehensive survey of a vast field of study with a wide variety of applications, enabling the reader to rapidly keep abreast of the latest developments in their specialist areas. Specialist Periodical Reports provide systematic and detailed review coverage of progress in the major areas of chemical research. Written by experts in their specialist fields the series creates a unique service for the active research chemist, supplying regular critical in-depth accounts of progress in particular areas of chemistry. For over 80 years the Royal Society of Chemistry and its predecessor, the Chemical Society, have been publishing reports charting developments in chemistry, which originally took the form of Annual Reports. However, by 1967 the whole spectrum of chemistry could no longer be contained within one volume and the series Specialist Periodical Reports was born. The Annual Reports themselves still existed but were divided into two, and subsequently three, volumes covering Inorganic, Organic and Physical Chemistry. For more general coverage of the highlights in chemistry they remain a 'must'. Since that time the SPR series has altered according to the fluctuating degree of activity in various fields of chemistry. Some titles have remained unchanged, while others have altered their emphasis along with their titles; some have been combined under a new name whereas others have had to be discontinued. The current list of Specialist Periodical Reports can be seen on the inside flap of this volume.
Author: François Diederich Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 3527612203 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 540
Book Description
Carbon-carbon bond forming reactions are arguably the most important processes in chemistry, as they represent key steps in the building of complex molecules from simple precursors. Among these reactions, metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions are extensively employed in a wide range of areas of preparative organic chemistry, ranging from the synthesis of complex natural products, to supramolecular chemistry, and materials science. In this work, a dozen internationally renowned experts and leaders in the field bring the reader up to date by documenting and critically analyzing current developments and uses of metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. A particularly attractive and useful feature, that enhances the practical value of this monograph, is the inclusion of key synthetic protocols, in experimental format, chosen for broad utility and application. This practice-oriented book can offer the practitioner short cuts to ensure they remain up-to-date with the latest developments.
Author: Robert Bakhtchadjian Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers ISBN: 9815050931 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 137
Book Description
This book introduces readers to the fundamentals of oxygen atom transfer reactions. It also gives mechanistic insights into the redox processes occurring through the oxygen atom transfer reactions. It also includes information about catalytic activation of oxygen through enzymes and oxo-metallic complexes. All topics are explored in separate chapters. Key features: - reviews the basic mechanisms in redox processes involving oxo-atom transfer reactions. - presents progress in the biomimetic activation of dioxygen related to the catalytic oxidations by synthetic metal organic complexes. - covers an important class of metal-organic compounds - nickel-oxygen species - generated in catalytic oxidation processes as oxygen atom transfer agents. - explains the mechanistic aspects of the heterogeneous photochemical redox processes via oxo-atom transfer reactions - provides references for further reading It is a reference for both professional scientists in the fields of chemistry, biology and applied sciences, and for graduate and undergraduate students interested in understanding reaction mechanisms involving oxygen.
Author: C. Jeffrey Brinker Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0080571034 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 925
Book Description
Sol-Gel Science: The Physics and Chemistry of Sol-Gel Processing presents the physical and chemical principles of the sol-gel process. The book emphasizes the science behind sol-gel processing with a chapter devoted to applications. The first chapter introduces basic terminology, provides a brief historical sketch, and identifies some excellent texts for background reading. Chapters 2 and 3 discuss the mechanisms of hydrolysis and condensation for nonsilicate and silicate systems. Chapter 4 deals with stabilization and gelation of sols. Chapter 5 reviews theories of gelation and examines the predicted and observed changes in the properties of a sol in the vicinity of the gel point. Chapter 6 describes the changes in structure and properties that occur during aging of a gel in its pore liquor (or some other liquid). The discussion of drying is divided into two parts, with the theory concentrated in Chapter 7 and the phenomenology in Chapter 8. The structure of dried gels is explored in Chapter 9. Chapter 10 shows the possibility of using the gel as a substrate for chemical reactions or of modifying the bulk composition of the resulting ceramic by performing a surface reaction (such as nitridation) on the gel. Chapter 11 reviews the theory and practice of sintering, describing the mechanisms that govern densification of amorphous and crystalline materials, and showing the advantages of avoiding crystallization before sintering is complete. The properties of gel-derived and conventional ceramics are discussed in Chapter 12. The preparation of films is such an important aspect of sol-gel technology that the fundamentals of film formation are treated at length in Chapter 13. Films and other applications are briefly reviewed in Chapter 14. Materials scientists and researchers in the field of sol-gel processing will find the book invaluable.
Author: M.V. Twigg Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461324793 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 521
Book Description
The purpose of this series is to provide a continuing critical review of the literature concerned with mechanistic aspects of inorganic and organo metallic reactions in solution, with coverage being complete in each volume. The papers discussed are selected on the basis of relevance to the elucidation of reaction mechanisms and many include results of a nonkinetic nature when useful mechanistic information can be deduced. The period of literature covered by this volume is July 1982 through December 1983, and in some instances papers not available for inclusion in the previous volume are also included. Numerical results are usually reported in the units used by the original authors, except where data from different papers are com pared and conversion to common units is necessary. As in previous volumes material included covers the major areas of redox processes, reactions of the nonmetallic elements, reaction of inert and labile metal complexes and the reactions of organometallic compounds. While maintaining the space devoted to other areas, that given to the nonmetallic elements has been increased. In recognition of the increasing importance of the determination of volumes of activation in understanding the mechanisms of both inorganic and organometallic reactions a special reference section giving tabulated Ll V* values has been included and this extensive compilation will be updated in future volumes.
Author: Peter A Byrne
Author: Peter A Byrne
Author: Peter Byrne
Author: Astrid Sigel
Author: Dieter Schinzer
Author: Matthew S. Platz
Author: David W Allen
Author: François Diederich
Author: Robert Bakhtchadjian
Author: C. Jeffrey Brinker
Author: M.V. Twigg